scholarly journals Association between change in self-reported sugar intake and a sugar biomarker (δ13C) in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha M. Henze ◽  
Elizabeth A. Bemis ◽  
Jennifer A. Seifert ◽  
Randi K. Johnson ◽  
Fran Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dietary Sugar

Abstract We examined whether change in added sugar intake is associated with change in δ13C, a novel sugar biomarker, in thirty-nine children aged 5–10 years selected from a Colorado (USA) prospective cohort of children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes. Reported added sugar intake via FFQ and δ13C in erythrocytes were measured at two time points a median of 2 years apart. Change in added sugar intake was associated with change in the δ13C biomarker, where for every 1-g increase in added sugar intake between the two time points, there was an increase in δ13C of 0⋅0082 (P = 0⋅0053), independent of change in HbA1c and δ15N. The δ13C biomarker may be used as a measure of compliance in an intervention study of children under the age of 10 years who are at increased risk for type 1 diabetes, in which the goal was to reduce dietary sugar intake.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index Z-Score Modifies the Association between Added Sugar Intake and Arterial Stiffness in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: The Search Nutrition Ancillary Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1752
Author(s):  
Natalie S. The ◽  
Sarah C. Couch ◽  
Elaine M. Urbina ◽  
Jamie L. Crandell ◽  
Angela D. Liese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake

The relationship between added sugar and arterial stiffness in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has not been well-described. We used data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (SEARCH), an ongoing observational cohort study, to determine the association between added sugar and arterial stiffness in individuals diagnosed with T1D <20 years of age (n = 1539; mean diabetes duration of 7.9 ± 1.9 years). Added sugar intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, and arterial stiffness measures included pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index. Separate multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between added sugar and arterial stiffness. Separate interaction terms were included to test for effect modification by body mass index (BMI) z-score and physical activity (PA). Overall, there was no association between added sugar and arterial stiffness (P > 0.05); however, the association between added sugar and arterial stiffness differed by BMI z-score (P for interaction = 0.003). For participants with lower BMI z-scores, added sugar intake was positively associated with PWV trunk measurements, whereas there was no association for those who had a higher BMI z-score. PA did not significantly modify the association between added sugar and arterial stiffness. Further research is needed to determine the longitudinal relationship and to confirm that obesity differentially affects this association.

scholarly journals Liraglutide changes body composition and lowers added sugar intake in overweight persons with insulin pump‐treated type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Signe Schmidt ◽  
Christian Seerup Frandsen ◽  
Thomas Fremming Dejgaard ◽  
Dorte Vistisen ◽  
Thórhallur Halldórsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake

Immune status is associated with the mode of delivery in infants at increased risk for Type 1 Diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
O D'Orlando ◽  
R Puff ◽  
A Henniger ◽  
S Krause ◽  
F Haupt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Increased Risk

Metabolic Markers Associated with Increased Risk for Progression from Single to Multiple Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes Relatives

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 94-OR
Author(s):  
EMANUELE BOSI ◽  
SUSAN GEYER ◽  
JAY SOSENKO ◽  
DOROTHY J. BECKER ◽  
MANUELA BATTAGLIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Increased Risk

836-P: Cannabis Use in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Is Associated with Poor Glycemic Control and Increased Risk for Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 836-P ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRAL N. SHAH ◽  
DANIEL D. TAYLOR ◽  
NICOLE C. FOSTER ◽  
ROY BECK ◽  
HALIS K. AKTURK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Coeliac disease is associated with depression in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes: results from a multicentre diabetes registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha René Tittel ◽  
◽  
Désirée Dunstheimer ◽  
Dörte Hilgard ◽  
Burkhild Knauth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Diabetes Patient ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Diabetes Registry ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Abstract Aims To analyse the association between coeliac disease (CD) and depression in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods We included 79,067 T1D patients aged 6–20 years, with at least six months of diabetes duration, and treatment data between 1995 and 2019 were documented in the diabetes patient follow-up registry. We categorized patients into four groups: T1D only (n = 73,699), T1 + CD (n = 3379), T1D + depression (n = 1877), or T1D + CD + depression (n = 112). Results CD and depression were significantly associated (adjusted OR: 1.25 [1.03–1.53]). Females were more frequent in both the depression and the CD group compared with the T1D only group. Insulin pumps were used more frequently in T1D + CD and T1D + depression compared with T1D only (both p < .001). HbA1c was higher in T1D + depression (9.0% [8.9–9.0]), T1D + CD + depression (8.9% [8.6–9.2]), both compared with T1D only (8.2% [8.2–8.2], all p < .001). We found comorbid autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, and eating disorders more frequently in the T1D + CD + depression group compared with T1D only (all p < .001). Conclusions CD and depression are associated in young T1D patients. The double load of T1D and CD may lead to an increased risk for depression. Depression was associated with additional psychological and neurological comorbidities. Aside from imperative CD screening after T1D diagnosis and regular intervals, depression screening might be helpful in routine care, especially in patients with diagnosed CD.

Understanding the increased risk of infections in diabetes: innate and adaptive immune responses in type 1 diabetes

Metabolism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 154795
Author(s):  
Anna W.M. Janssen ◽  
Rinke Stienstra ◽  
Martin Jaeger ◽  
Alain J. van Gool ◽  
Leo A.B. Joosten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals DR15-DQ6 remains dominantly protective against type 1 diabetes throughout the first five decades of life

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Thomas ◽  
John M. Dennis ◽  
Seth A. Sharp ◽  
Akaal Kaur ◽  
Shivani Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Risk Haplotype ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Onset Type ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Among white European children developing type 1 diabetes, the otherwise common HLA haplotype DR15-DQ6 is rare, and highly protective. Adult-onset type 1 diabetes is now known to represent more overall cases than childhood onset, but it is not known whether DR15-DQ6 is protective in older-adult-onset type 1 diabetes. We sought to quantify DR15-DQ6 protection against type 1 diabetes as age of onset increased. Methods In two independent cohorts we assessed the proportion of type 1 diabetes cases presenting through the first 50 years of life with DR15-DQ6, compared with population controls. In the After Diabetes Diagnosis Research Support System-2 (ADDRESS-2) cohort (n = 1458) clinician-diagnosed type 1 diabetes was confirmed by positivity for one or more islet-specific autoantibodies. In UK Biobank (n = 2502), we estimated type 1 diabetes incidence rates relative to baseline HLA risk for each HLA group using Poisson regression. Analyses were restricted to white Europeans and were performed in three groups according to age at type 1 diabetes onset: 0–18 years, 19–30 years and 31–50 years. Results DR15-DQ6 was protective against type 1 diabetes through to age 50 years (OR < 1 for each age group, all p < 0.001). The following ORs for type 1 diabetes, relative to a neutral HLA genotype, were observed in ADDRESS-2: age 5–18 years OR 0.16 (95% CI 0.08, 0.31); age 19–30 years OR 0.10 (0.04, 0.23); and age 31–50 years OR 0.37 (0.21, 0.68). DR15-DQ6 also remained highly protective at all ages in UK Biobank. Without DR15-DQ6, the presence of major type 1 diabetes high-risk haplotype (either DR3-DQ2 or DR4-DQ8) was associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes. Conclusions/interpretation HLA DR15-DQ6 confers dominant protection from type 1 diabetes across the first five decades of life. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Paediatric rotavirus vaccination, coeliac disease and type 1 diabetes in children: a population-based cohort study

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Inns ◽  
Kate M. Fleming ◽  
Miren Iturriza-Gomara ◽  
Daniel Hungerford
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Rotavirus infection has been proposed as a risk factor for coeliac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). The UK introduced infant rotavirus vaccination in 2013. We have previously shown that rotavirus vaccination can have beneficial off-target effects on syndromes, such as hospitalised seizures. We therefore investigated whether rotavirus vaccination prevents CD and T1D in the UK. Methods A cohort study of children born between 2010 and 2015 was conducted using primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Children were followed up from 6 months to 7 years old, with censoring for outcome, death or leaving the practice. CD was defined as diagnosis of CD or the prescription of gluten-free goods. T1D was defined as a T1D diagnosis. The exposure was rotavirus vaccination, defined as one or more doses. Mixed-effects Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Models were adjusted for potential confounders and included random intercepts for general practices. Results There were 880,629 children in the cohort (48.8% female). A total of 343,113 (39.0%) participants received rotavirus vaccine; among those born after the introduction of rotavirus vaccination, 93.4% were vaccinated. Study participants contributed 4,388,355 person-years, with median follow-up 5.66 person-years. There were 1657 CD cases, an incidence of 38.0 cases per 100,000 person-years. Compared with unvaccinated children, the adjusted HR for a CD was 1.05 (95% CI 0.86–1.28) for vaccinated children. Females had a 40% higher hazard than males. T1D was recorded for 733 participants, an incidence of 17.1 cases per 100,000 person-years. In adjusted analysis, rotavirus vaccination was not associated with risk of T1D (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.68–1.19). Conclusions Rotavirus vaccination has reduced diarrhoeal disease morbidity and mortality substantial since licencing in 2006. Our finding from this large cohort study did not provide evidence that rotavirus vaccination prevents CD or T1D, nor is it associated with increased risk, delivering further evidence of rotavirus vaccine safety.

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