scholarly journals Postprandial amino acid, glucose and insulin responses among healthy adults after a single intake of Lemna minor in comparison with green peas: a randomised trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrude G. Zeinstra ◽  
Dianne Somhorst ◽  
Els Oosterink ◽  
Henriette Fick ◽  
Ineke Klopping-Ketelaars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Green Peas

AbstractA high protein content combined with its enormous growth capacity make duckweed an interesting alternative protein source, but information about postprandial responses in humans is lacking. The present study aimed to assess the postprandial serum amino acid profile of Lemna minor in healthy adults in comparison with green peas. A secondary objective was to obtain insights regarding human safety. A total of twelve healthy volunteers participated in a randomised, cross-over trial. Subjects received two protein sources in randomised order with a 1-week washout period. After an overnight fast, subjects consumed L. minor or peas (equivalent to 20 g of protein). After a baseline sample, blood samples were taken 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min after consumption to assess amino acid, glucose and insulin levels. Heart rate, blood pressure and aural temperature were measured before and after consumption, and subjects reported on gastrointestinal discomfort for four subsequent days. Compared with green peas, significantly lower blood concentrations of amino acids from L. minor were observed, indicating lower digestibility. L. minor consumption resulted in lower plasma glucose and insulin levels compared with peas, probably due to different glucose content. There were no significant differences concerning the assessed health parameters or the number of gastrointestinal complaints, indicating that a single bolus of L. minor – grown under controlled conditions – did not induce acute adverse effects in humans. Further studies need to investigate effects of repeated L. minor intake and whether proteins purified from L. minor can be digested more easily.

scholarly journals Ion Chromatography Based Urine Amino Acid Profiling Applied for Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Fan ◽  
Jing Hong ◽  
Jun-Duo Hu ◽  
Jin-Lian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Group D

Aim. Amino acid metabolism in cancer patients differs from that in healthy people. In the study, we performed urine-free amino acid profile of gastric cancer at different stages and health subjects to explore potential biomarkers for diagnosing or screening gastric cancer.Methods. Forty three urine samples were collected from inpatients and healthy adults who were divided into 4 groups. Healthy adults were in group A (n=15), early gastric cancer inpatients in group B (n=7), and advanced gastric cancer inpatients in group C (n=16); in addition, two healthy adults and three advanced gastric cancer inpatients were in group D (n=5) to test models. We performed urine amino acids profile of each group by applying ion chromatography (IC) technique and analyzed urine amino acids according to chromatogram of amino acids standard solution. The data we obtained were processed with statistical analysis. A diagnostic model was constructed to discriminate gastric cancer from healthy individuals and another diagnostic model for clinical staging by principal component analysis. Differentiation performance was validated by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results. The urine-free amino acid profile of gastric cancer patients changed to a certain degree compared with that of healthy adults. Compared with healthy adult group, the levels of valine, isoleucine, and leucine increased (P<0.05), but the levels of histidine and methionine decreased (P<0.05), and aspartate decreased significantly (P<0.01). The urine amino acid profile was also different between early and advanced gastric cancer groups. Compared with early gastric cancer, the levels of isoleucine and valine decreased in advanced gastric cancer (P<0.05). A diagnosis model constructed for gastric cancer with AUC value of 0.936 tested by group D showed that 4 samples could coincide with it. Another diagnosis model for clinical staging with an AUC value of 0.902 tested by 3 advanced gastric cancer inpatients of group D showed that all could coincide with the model.Conclusions. The noticeable differences of urine-free amino acid profiles between gastric cancer patients and healthy adults indicate that such amino acids as valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, histidine and aspartate are important metabolites in cell multiplication and gene expression during tumor growth and metastatic process. The study suggests that urine-free amino acid profiling is of potential value for screening or diagnosing gastric cancer.

The free amino acid profile in the middle gluteal before and after fatiguing exercise in the horse

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEGGY A. MILLER-GRABER ◽  
LAURIE M. LAWRENCE ◽  
ELAINE KURCZ ◽  
RACHEL KANE ◽  
KARIN BUMP ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fatiguing Exercise

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of rat goblet-cell mucin before and after reduction

1983 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
R E F Fahim ◽  
G G Forstner ◽  
J F Forstner
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sepharose 4B

Goblet-cell mucin of rat small intestine was purified from mucosal scrapings by using centrifugation, Sepharose 4B and Sepharose 2B chromatography. The mucin was applied in low concentrations (1 microgram/track) to slab gels containing 0.5% agarose/2% (w/v) polyacrylamide, and bands were detected after electrophoresis by silver stain or by fluorography of 3H-labelled mucin. Before reduction the mucin contained three distinct components: a polymeric species at the top of the gel and two large glycoproteins of higher mobility. After reduction, the polymer disappeared, the two glycoproteins remained unchanged, and two glycopeptide bands of higher mobility appeared. In addition, a non-glycosylated, heavily stained peptide of mol.wt. 118000 was detected. The individual mucin components were partially separated on Sepharose 2B, 0.2M-NaCl/1% sodium dodecyl sulphate being used as eluant. Individual amino acid and carbohydrate analyses suggested that the glycosylated components, despite their differences in size, had identical profiles. The 118000-mol.wt. peptide had a very different amino acid profile, with much less serine, threonine and proline. Glycine and aspartic and glutamic acids comprised 34% of the total amino acids. Thus the ‘native’ mucin is a heterogeneous structure containing at least two non-covalently associated glycoproteins plus polymeric material. The latter is stabilized by disulphide bonds and consists of several glycopeptides of different size as well as a ‘link’ peptide of mol.wt. 118000.

Free and protein-bound glutamine have identical splanchnic extraction in healthy human volunteers

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (1) ◽  
pp. G267-G274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio J. Boza ◽  
Martial Dangin ◽  
Denis Moënnoz ◽  
Franck Montigon ◽  
Jacques Vuichoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Glutamine Synthesis

The objectives of the present study were to determine the splanchnic extraction of glutamine after ingestion of glutamine-rich protein (15N-labeled oat proteins) and to compare it with that of free glutamine and to determine de novo glutamine synthesis before and after glutamine consumption. Eight healthy adults were infused intravenously in the postabsorptive state with l-[1-13C]glutamine (3 μmol · kg−1 · h−1) andl-[1-13C]lysine (1.5 μmol · kg−1 · h−1) for 8 h. Four hours after the beginning of the infusion, subjects consumed (every 20 min) a liquid formula providing either 2.5 g of protein from 15N-labeled oat proteins or a mixture of free amino acids that mimicked the oat-amino acid profile and contained l-[2,5-15N2]glutamine andl-[2-15N]lysine. Splanchnic extraction of glutamine reached 62.5 ± 5.0% and 66.7 ± 3.9% after administration of 15N-labeled oat proteins and the mixture of free amino acids, respectively. Lysine splanchnic extraction was also not different (40.9 ± 11.9% and 34.9 ± 10.6% for15N-labeled oat proteins and free amino acids, respectively). The main conclusion of the present study is that glutamine is equally bioavailable when given enterally as a free amino acid and when protein bound. Therefore, and taking into consideration the drawbacks of free glutamine supplementation of ready-to-use formulas for enteral nutrition, protein sources naturally rich in this amino acid are the best option for providing stable glutamine.

Tronchuda cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC) leaf free amino acid profile

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Silva ◽  
AP Oliveira ◽  
DM Pereira ◽  
C Sousa ◽  
RM Seabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Tronchuda Cabbage ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Enantioselective Amino Acid Profile Improves Metabolomics-based Sensory Prediction of Japanese Sake

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-784
Author(s):  
Moyu Taniguchi ◽  
Asako Shimotori ◽  
Eiichiro Fukusaki
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Sensory Prediction
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