Variation of Initial Soil Suction with Compaction Conditions for Clayey Soils

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-R. Yang ◽  
H.-D. Lin ◽  
W.-H. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Soil Suction ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Initial Soil ◽  
Compaction Energy ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this study, the initial soil suction of as-compacted clayey soils was evaluated for various compaction conditions, covering a wide range of compaction energy and molding water content. The soil specimens were prepared by impact compaction under three levels of compaction energy. The filter paper method was used to measure the initial soil suction of as-compacted specimens. Test results indicate that the relationship between the soil suction and the molding water content is bilinear under three different compaction energies. However, the effect of compaction energy on soil suction is different for the soils with different amounts of clay fraction and is elucidated by the macro soil properties. The change of soil suction due to different compaction energies can be predicted by the void ratio and the degree of saturation.

A Study on Estimation of Internal Pressure Creep Life Using Small Punch Creep (SPC) Tests for Boiler Pipes

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshimi Kobayashi ◽  
Toru Izaki ◽  
Junichi Kusumoto ◽  
Akihiro Kanaya
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Small Punch ◽  
Uniaxial Creep ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

The small punch creep (SPC) test is possible to predict residual creep life at a high accuracy. But, the results of SPC tests cannot be compared with uniaxial creep or internal pressure creep results directly. In this report, the relationship between SPC test results and uniaxial creep test results in ASME A335 P11 (1.25Cr-0.5Mo Steel) was studied. The obtained relationship between SPC load and equivalent uniaxial creep stress formed a simple linear equation under the wide range of test temperature and test period. Then, the SPC results can be compared with uniaxial results by converting SPC loads to the equivalent uniaxial creep stresses. The relationship between SPC test results and internal pressure creep tests results was also studied. The internal creep life of as-received P11 pipe was almost same as SPC result when the hoop stress was converted to the SPC load. The creep lives of internal pressure creep influenced materials also showed good correspondence with SPC results. Therefore SPC can estimate the residual life of internal pressure creep influenced materials.

scholarly journals Compressibility behaviour of remoulded, fine-grained soils and correlation with index properties

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sridharan ◽  
H B Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Index Properties ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Contents

Correlating engineering properties with index properties has assumed greater significance in the recent past in the field of geotechnical engineering. Although attempts have been made in the past to correlate compressibility with various index properties individually, all the properties affecting compressibility behaviour have not been considered together in any single study to examine which index property of the soil correlates best with compressibility behaviour, especially within a set of test results. In the present study, 10 soils covering a sufficiently wide range of liquid limit, plastic limit, and shrinkage limit were selected and conventional consolidation tests were carried out starting with their initial water contents almost equal to their respective liquid limits. The compressibility behaviour is vastly different for pairs of soils having nearly the same liquid limit, but different plasticity characteristics. The relationship between void ratio and consolidation pressure is more closely related to the shrinkage index (shrinkage index = liquid limit - shrinkage limit) than to the plasticity index. Wide variations are seen with the liquid limit. For the soils investigated, the compression index relates better with the shrinkage index than with the plasticity index or liquid limit.Key words: Atterberg limits, classification, clays, compressibility, laboratory tests.

Relationship Between Fatigue Life Distribution, Notch Configuration, and S-N Curve of a 2024-T4 Aluminum Alloy

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shimokawa ◽  
Y. Hamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Stress Amplitude ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Notched Specimens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Distributions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Stress

The objective of this study is to identify the most closely related variable to the distribution of fatigue life in unnotched and three kinds of notched 2024-T4 aluminum alloy specimens. Carefully designed fatigue tests under a constant temperature and humidity condition provided fatigue life distributions over a wide range of stress amplitude. This study used about 1000 specimens. On the basis of the test results, the dependence of the scatter in fatigue life on notch configuration, the period to crack initiation, the level of stress amplitude, the median fatigue life, and the slope of the median S-N curve is investigated, and the relationship between the distributional form of fatigue life and the shape of the median S-N curve is discussed. It is concluded that the slope and shape of the median S-N curve in the vicinity of the test stress level are closely related to the scatter and distributional form of fatigue life respectively. This is common to the unnotched and three kinds of notched specimens. A variability hypothesis to correlate the median S-N curve with fatigue life distributions is examined.

Experimental Study on Test Methods of the Intergranular Suction of Unsaturated Lateritic Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 440-445
Author(s):  
Hua Lu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Xiao Yan Wang ◽  
Li Jun Hou ◽  
Xin Zhao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Empirical Parameter ◽  
Pore Fluid Chemistry ◽  
Unsaturated Condition ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims at the test methods of the suction between grains of lateritic soil which is widely distributed in southern China, and proposes the test methods and principles according to the variation of the suctions various components. This paper works over the relationship between the suction and the degree of saturation through tests, and also analyzes pore fluid chemistry influence on the suction between grains. The test results show that the test principles and methods are feasible. They also show that the quantitative relationship between the unsaturated soil’s shear strength and saturation (water content), and a new understanding of the physical meaning in unsaturated condition of X, which is a empirical parameter in the principle of Bishop‘s effective stress.

scholarly journals Investigation into water retention behaviour of deformable soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Salager ◽  
Mathieu Nuth ◽  
Alessio Ferrari ◽  
Lyesse Laloui
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Behaviour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Retention Behaviour

The paper presents an experimental and modelling approach for the soil-water retention behaviour of two deformable soils. The objective is to investigate the physical mechanisms that govern the soil-water retention properties and to propose a constitutive framework for the soil-water retention curve accounting for the initial state of compaction and deformability of soils. A granular soil and a clayey soil were subjected to drying over a wide range of suctions so that the residual state of saturation could be attained. Different initial densities were tested for each material. The soil-water retention curves (SWRCs) obtained are synthesized and compared in terms of water content, void ratio, and degree of saturation, and are expressed as a function of the total suction. The studies enable assessment of the effect of the past and present soil deformation on the shape of the curves. The void ratio exerts a clear influence on the air-entry value, revealing that the breakthrough of air into the pores of the soil is more arduous in denser states. In the plane of water content versus suction, the experimental results highlight the fact that from a certain value of suction, the retention curves corresponding to different densities of the same soil are convergent. The observed features of behaviour are conceptualized into a modelling framework expressing the evolution of the degree of saturation as a function of suction. The proposed retention model makes use of the theory of elastoplasticity and can thus be generalized into a hysteretic model applicable to drying–wetting cycles. The calibration of the model requires the experimental retention data for two initial void ratios. The prediction of tests for further ranges of void ratios proves to be accurate, which supports the adequacy of formulated concepts.

Experimental Research on Rheological Property of Water-Bearing Weak Sandstone in Large Cross-Section Tunnelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 1402-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Zhou ◽  
Peng Fei Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Rheological Characteristic ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Large Cross Section ◽  
Rheological Equation ◽  
Tunnel Face ◽  
Water Bursting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Weak Sandstone

Various problems such as sand, mud and water bursting, unstability of tunnel face, large deformation of surrounding rock and severe cracking of primary support occurred in excavation of the water-bearing weak sandstone strata of Huma Ling Tunnel, Lan-Yu railway. Based on the uniaxial compressive strength tests and uniaxial compressive rheological tests on weak sandstone with water content of 0, 2%, 5%, 8% and 12%, the relationship between rheological characteristic and water content of water-bearing weak sandstone is obtained. According to results of tests, factors and water contents are fitted by applying generalized rheological equation of Kelvin. And the rheological equation of water-bearing weak sandstone with various water content is deduced. The test results and conclusion can offer reference for analyzing deformation characteristics and instability mechanism of water-bearing weak sandstone in large cross-section tunnelling.

Evidence of a union between organic carbon and water content in soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hida R. Manns ◽  
Gary W. Parkin ◽  
Ralph C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Single Field ◽  
The Relationship

Soil organic matter, comprising ∼58% soil organic carbon (SOC), is attributed with increased water holding capacity in the surface horizon of agricultural soil. This paper addresses the role of SOC as a component of a common functional unit in soil from analysis within a single field and over multiple fields. Soil data measured on the fields during the SMAPVEX12 satellite prelaunch algorithm development campaign exhibited high correlation among SOC, field-mean soil water content (SWC), bulk density, and soil texture. The analysis extended over a wide range of soil texture and wetness in the top 5 cm of soil over 50 agricultural fields covering ∼400 km2 of southern Manitoba. Data collected over a much smaller area from Ontario silt loam soils at the Elora Research Centre demonstrated a similar correlation between SOC and SWC in intensive field sampling. This intercorrelation of SOC and SWC is examined with partial least-squares regression, principal component analysis, and geostatistical semivariograms. A model is proposed to interpret the feedback process between SOC and SWC to explain the persistent correlation. Further work to substantiate the strengths and limits of the relationship between SOC and SWC may be beneficial for estimating SWC for remote sensing, agriculture, hydrology, and ecosystem function.

Density Influence on Matric Suction of the Eolian Sand under the Condition of Loop of Dehumidifying and Humidifying Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 2157-2160
Author(s):  
Yan Xun Song ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Xi An Li ◽  
Hong Zhou Lin
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Matric Suction ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Unsaturated Sand ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Eolian Sand ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Variation Tendency

The matric suction has very important influence on the characteristics of unsaturated sand; and it is closely relevant to density. In order to discuss the relationship among the matric suction, water content and dry density, the matric suction of the eolian sand were measured in laboratory. The soil-water characteristics curves for unsaturated eolian sand with different dry densities are obtained. The test results show that the variation tendency of soil-water characteristics curves has been corresponding to the different densities.

Water content - void ratio swell-shrink paths of compacted expansive soils

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 938-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Tripathy ◽  
KS Subba Rao ◽  
D G Fredlund
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Volumetric Change ◽  
Linear Portion ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Oedometer Tests ◽  
Vertical Deformations

This paper addresses the behaviour of compacted expansive soils under swell–shrink cycles. Laboratory cyclic swell–shrink tests were conducted on compacted specimens of two expansive soils at surcharge pressures of 6.25, 50.00, and 100.00 kPa. The void ratio and water content of the specimens at several intermediate stages during swelling until the end of swelling and during shrinkage until the end of shrinkage were determined to trace the water content versus void ratio paths with an increasing number of swell–shrink cycles. The test results showed that the swell–shrink path was reversible once the soil reached an equilibrium stage where the vertical deformations during swelling and shrinkage were the same. This usually occurred after about four swell–shrink cycles. The swelling and shrinkage path of each specimen subjected to full swelling – full shrinkage cycles showed an S-shaped curve (two curvilinear portions and a linear portion). However, the swelling and shrinkage path occurred as a part of the S-shaped curve, when the specimen was subjected to full swelling – partial shrinkage cycles. More than 80% of the total volumetric change and more than 50% of the total vertical deformation occurred in the central linear portion of the S-shaped curve. The volumetric change was essentially parallel to the saturation line within a degree of saturation range of 50–80% for the equilibrium cycle. The primary value of the swell–shrink path is to provide information regarding the void ratio change that would occur for a given change in water content for any possible swell–shrink pattern. It is suggested that these swell–shrink paths can be established with a limited number of tests in the laboratory.Key words: expansive soils, oedometer tests, swell–shrink behaviour, shrinkage tests.

A novel approach to evaluating the compaction control of soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Shimobe ◽  
Giovanni Spagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Compacted Clay ◽  
Compacted Soils ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Compaction Curve ◽  
Compaction Energy

Soil compaction is an important operation during the construction of road embankments, railway subgrade, earth dams and compacted clay liners for waste disposal. Soil compaction is usually controlled based on the ratio of the dry density of the soil to the soil water content. However, this relationship presents problems in both the laboratory and in the field when using excess compaction energy levels in cohesive soils with a high natural water content, including differences in the compaction energy levels and a reduction in strength as a result of over-compaction. The compaction curve, which considered the compaction energy levels, is usually unknown in the field and the main factors influencing the stiffness and strength of compacted soils are the dry density and the degree of saturation. We show here compaction results for soils in terms of the dry density and degree of saturation and introduce the concept of an optimum compaction line.

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