scholarly journals Pediatric research priorities in healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial stewardship

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Susan E. Coffin ◽  
Francisca Abanyie ◽  
Kristina Bryant ◽  
Joseph Cantey ◽  
Anthony Fiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Pediatric Research ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Topic Identification ◽  
Delphi Approach ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Objective: To develop a pediatric research agenda focused on pediatric healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial stewardship topics that will yield the highest impact on child health. Participants: The study included 26 geographically diverse adult and pediatric infectious diseases clinicians with expertise in healthcare-associated infection prevention and/or antimicrobial stewardship (topic identification and ranking of priorities), as well as members of the Division of Healthcare Quality and Promotion at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (topic identification). Methods: Using a modified Delphi approach, expert recommendations were generated through an iterative process for identifying pediatric research priorities in healthcare associated infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship. The multistep, 7-month process included a literature review, interactive teleconferences, web-based surveys, and 2 in-person meetings. Results: A final list of 12 high-priority research topics were generated in the 2 domains. High-priority healthcare-associated infection topics included judicious testing for Clostridioides difficile infection, chlorhexidine (CHG) bathing, measuring and preventing hospital-onset bloodstream infection rates, surgical site infection prevention, surveillance and prevention of multidrug resistant gram-negative rod infections. Antimicrobial stewardship topics included β-lactam allergy de-labeling, judicious use of perioperative antibiotics, intravenous to oral conversion of antimicrobial therapy, developing a patient-level “harm index” for antibiotic exposure, and benchmarking and or peer comparison of antibiotic use for common inpatient conditions. Conclusions: We identified 6 healthcare-associated infection topics and 6 antimicrobial stewardship topics as potentially high-impact targets for pediatric research.

Using social media to disseminate research in infection prevention, hospital epidemiology, and antimicrobial stewardship

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1262-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Cawcutt ◽  
Jasmine R. Marcelin ◽  
Julie K. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Hospital Epidemiology ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSocial media, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) each impact every area of medicine. Independently, each have power to change medicine, however, synergistically, the impact could be transformative. Given the profound clinical, financial, and public health impact of infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship combined with the incomplete uptake of best practices, multimodal strategies employing social media are critical to increase the speed and reach of research. This review discusses the strategic utilization of online communication platforms to increase the dissemination of critical publications.

An Infection Preventionist’s View of the Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections: Structure, Process, and Outcome

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 961-963
Author(s):  
Janet P. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Guidance Document ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Hospital Epidemiology ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Healthcare Associated

The set of articles included in the 2008 “A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals” was groundbreaking because the articles distilled the latest information about 6 of the most pressing healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevention problems into a compelling framework, with guidance for immediate interventions. Further, they were all included as a supplement to the regular monthly issue of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology that could be kept neatly in healthcare professionals' offices for reference. Importantly, colleagues from all disciplines could access these articles online free of charge, along with patient educational material available in English, Spanish, and several additional languages. One central topic missing from the 2008 Compendium was hand hygiene, a cornerstone of infection prevention. The World Health Organization (WHO) Clean Care Is Safer Care initiative was then the focus for hand hygiene monitoring and improvement, and it was unclear at that point whether another guidance document on the topic would have provided additional useful information.

The Past, Present, and Future of Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention in Pediatrics: Multidrug-Resistant Organisms

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (S1) ◽  
pp. S18-S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Milstone ◽  
Kristina A. Bryant ◽  
W. Charles Huskins ◽  
Danielle M. Zerr
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are associated with increased lengths of hospital stay, increased costs, and increased mortality. We explore the scope of MDRO HAIs in children, current MDRO HAI prevention practices and data to support these practices, and we propose research topics targeting MDRO HAI prevention in children.

Mycobacteriosis as a Healthcare-Associated Infection: A Review of Epidemiologic Studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
IV Petrov ◽  
TKh Amirova ◽  
LV Petrova ◽  
FS Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mycobacterial Infection ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are of great socio-economic importance and are characterized by a large number of different pathogens. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous microorganisms that can circulate in a medical organization. The purpose of this review of epidemiologic studies was to establish the main features of mycobacteriosis as a healthcare-associated infection, taking into account the significance of the results and the compliance of the reviewed studies with the criteria of evidence-based medicine. Methods: We did a key word search for “nontuberculous mycobacteria”, “healthcare-associated infections”, and “mycobacteriosis” in several electronic bibliographic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY, and ResearchGate and selected 127 out of 342 search results. Having analyzed the selected articles, we decided to include 34 of them in this study according to the topic of work. We established that nontuberculous mycobacteria can be found in various objects of health facilities, e.g. water supply systems, medical products and equipment. We also found that mycobacterial infection of nosocomial etiology could have various clinical manifestations (arthritis, keratitis, circulatory and skin diseases, etc.) determined by various aspects, such as heterogeneity of the group of nontuberculous mycobacteria, portals of entry (surgical procedures on various organs and systems of the human body, etc.), pathways of exposure and transmission factors. Resistance of nontuberculous mycobacteria to a number of disinfectants is a special question defining the importance of profound research in terms of ensuring sanitary and anti-epidemic (disinfection) safety within health facilities. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mycobacterial infection can be considered as a healthcare-associated infection requiring an in-depth assessment from various perspectives including a microbiological monitoring of medical objects, statistical accounting of nosocomial infections, and clinical alertness in the diagnosis of mycobacteriosis by attending physicians and bacteriologists, etc.

scholarly journals Where to from here? Identifying and prioritising future directions for addressing drug-resistant infection in Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Merlo ◽  
Minyon Avent ◽  
Trent Yarwood ◽  
Bonnie Smith ◽  
Mieke van Driel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
World Cafe ◽  
Resistant Infection ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Patient Stories

Abstract Background The Australian National Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy calls for a collaborative effort to change practices that have contributed to the development of drug-resistance and for implementation of new initiatives to reduce antibiotic use. Methods A facilitated workshop was undertaken at the 2019 National Australian Antimicrobial Resistance Forum to explore the complexity of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) implementation in Australia and prioritise future action. Participants engaged in rotating rounds of discussion using a world café format addressing six topics relating to AMS implementation. Once all tables had discussed all themes the discussion concluded and notes were summarised. The documents were independently openly coded by two researchers to identify elements relating to the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship. Results There were 39 participants in the facilitated discussions, including pharmacists, infectious disease physicians, infection prevention nurses, and others. Participants discussed strategies they had found successful, including having a regular presence in clinical areas, adapting messaging and implementation strategies for different disciplines, maintaining positivity, and being patient-focused. Many of the recommendations for the next step involved being patient focussed and outcomesdriven. This involves linking data to practice, using patient stories, using data to celebrate wins and creating incentives. Discussion Recommendations from the workshop should be included in priority setting for the implementation of AMS initiatives across Australia.

The Past, Present, and Future of Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention in Pediatrics: Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (S1) ◽  
pp. S27-S31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina A. Bryant ◽  
Danielle M. Zerr ◽  
W. Charles Huskins ◽  
Aaron M. Milstone
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Current Practices

Central line–associated bloodstream infections cause morbidity and mortality in children. We explore the evidence for prevention of central line–associated bloodstream infections in children, assess current practices, and propose research topics to improve prevention strategies.

scholarly journals A nosocomial cluster of vancomycin resistant enterococci among COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Kampmeier ◽  
Hauke Tönnies ◽  
Carlos L. Correa-Martinez ◽  
Alexander Mellmann ◽  
Vera Schwierzeck
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Background Currently, hospitals have been forced to divert substantial resources to cope with the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is unclear if this situation will affect long-standing infection prevention practices and impact on healthcare associated infections. Here, we report a nosocomial cluster of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) that occurred on a COVID-19 dedicated intensive care unit (ICU) despite intensified contact precautions during the current pandemic. Whole genome sequence-based typing (WGS) was used to investigate genetic relatedness of VRE isolates collected from COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients during the outbreak and to compare them to environmental VRE samples. Methods Five VRE isolated from patients (three clinical and two screening samples) as well as 11 VRE and six vancomycin susceptible Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) samples from environmental sites underwent WGS during the outbreak investigation. Isolate relatedness was determined using core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Results WGS revealed two genotypic distinct VRE clusters with genetically closely related patient and environmental isolates. The cluster was terminated by enhanced infection control bundle strategies. Conclusions Our results illustrate the importance of continued adherence to infection prevention and control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic to prevent VRE transmission and healthcare associated infections.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Stewardship in Acute-Care Hospitals: A Report of the California Healthcare-Associated Infections Honor Roll

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. s32-s32
Author(s):  
Jane Kriengkauykiat ◽  
Erin Epson ◽  
Erin Garcia ◽  
Kiya Komaiko
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Open Enrollment ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Honor Roll ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship has been demonstrated to improve patient outcomes and reduce unwanted consequences, such as antimicrobial resistance and Clostridioides difficile infection. The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) Program developed an honor roll to recognize facilities with the goal of promoting antimicrobial stewardship programs and encouraging collaboration and research. Methods: The first open enrollment period in California was from August 1 to September 1, 2020, and was only open to acute-care hospitals (ACHs). Enrollment occurs every 6 months. Applicants completed an application and provided supporting documentation for bronze, silver, or gold designations. The criteria for the bronze designation were at least 1 item from each of CDC’s 7 core elements for ACHs. The criteria for silver were bronze criteria plus 9 HAI program prioritized items (based on published literature) from the CDC Core Elements and demonstration of outcomes from an intervention. The criteria for gold designation were silver criteria plus community engagement (ie, local work or collaboration with healthcare partners). Applications were evaluated in 3 phases: (1) CDPH reviewed core elements and documentation, (2) CDPH and external blinded antimicrobial stewardship experts reviewed outcomes as scientific abstracts, and (3) CDPH reviewed each program for overall effectiveness in antimicrobial stewardship and final designation determination. Designations expire after 2 years. Results: In total, 119 applications were submitted (30% of all ACHs in California), of which 100 were complete and thus were included for review. Moverover, 33 facilities were from northern California and 67 were from southern California. Also, 85 facilities were part of a health system or network, 14 were freestanding, and 1 was a district facility. Facility types included 68 community hospitals, 17 long-term acute-care (LTAC) facilities, 17 academic or teaching hospitals, 4 critical-access hospitals, and 4 pediatric hospitals. There was an even distribution of hospital bed size: 35 facilities had <250 beds. The final designations included 19 gold, 35 silver and 43 bronze designations. There was 44% incongruency in applicants not receiving the designation for which they applied. Community hospitals were 63%–74% of all designations, and no LTACs received a gold designation. Moreover, 63% of hospitals with gold designations had >250 beds, and 47% of hospitals with bronze designations had <1 25 beds. Conclusions: The number of applicants was higher than expected because the open enrollment period occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. This finding demonstrates the high importance placed on antimicrobial stewardship among ACHs. It also provides insight into how facilities are performing and collaborating and how CDPH can support facilities to improve their ASP.Funding: NoDisclosures: None

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