Water as a source for colonization and infection with multidrug-resistant pathogens: Focus on sinks

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1463-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah S. Lewis ◽  
Becky A. Smith ◽  
Emily E. Sickbert-Bennett ◽  
David J. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

scholarly journals Green synthesis of silk sericin-embedded silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial application against multidrug-resistant pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdullah Al Masud ◽  
Hamid Shaikh ◽  
Md. Shamsul Alam ◽  
M. Minnatul Karim ◽  
M. Abdul Momin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Silk Sericin ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Strategy ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

Abstract Background The green synthesis strategy of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) has become popular due to being environmentally friendly. Stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized by natural products such as starch, soy protein, various extract of leaves, barks, and roots functioning both as reducing and stabilizing agents. Likewise, silk sericin (SS) is a globular protein discarded in the silk factory might be used for NP synthesis. In this research, we focus on the green synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs by SS as well as assessment of their antibacterial activities against some drug-resistant pathogen. Results SS was extracted from Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons in an aqueous medium. 17 w/w% of dry sericin powder with respect to the cocoon’s weight was obtained by freeze-drying. Furthermore, AgNPs conjugated to sericin, i.e., SS-capped silver nanoparticles (SS-AgNPs) were synthesized by easy, cost-effective, and environment-friendly methods. The synthesized SS-AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction measurement. It has been found from the absorbance of UV-visible spectroscopy that a higher percent of SS-AgNPs was obtained at a higher concentration of silver nitrate solution. FTIR-ATR spectra showed that the carboxylate groups obtained from silk sericin act as a reducing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, while NH2+ and COO− act as a stabilizer of AgNPs. The X-ray diffractogram of SS-AgNPs was quite different from AgNO3 and sericin due to a change in the crystal structure. The diameter of AgNPs was around 20–70 nm observed using TEM. The synthesized SS-AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimal inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations against E. coli and P. aeruginosa were 20μg/mL. Conclusions This study encourages the use of Bombyx mori for the ecofriendly synthesis of SS-AgNPs to control multidrug-resistant microorganisms.

scholarly journals A molecular architectural design that promises potent antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yuan ◽  
Jiaojiao Liu ◽  
Zhixiong Deng ◽  
Lin Wei ◽  
Wenwen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

AbstractAddressing the devastating threat of drug-resistant pathogens requires the discovery of new antibiotics with advanced action mechanisms and/or novel strategies for drug design. Herein, from a biophysical perspective, we design a class of synthetic antibacterial complexes with specialized architectures based on melittin (Mel), a natural antimicrobial peptide, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), a clinically available agent, as building blocks that show potent and architecture-modulated antibacterial activity. Among the complexes, the flexibly linear complex consisting of one Mel terminally connected with a long-chained PEG (e.g., PEG12k–1*Mel) shows the most pronounced improvement in performance compared with pristine Mel, with up to 500% improvement in antimicrobial efficiency, excellent in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens (over a range of minimal inhibitory concentrations of 2–32 µg mL−1), a 68% decrease in in vitro cytotoxicity, and a 57% decrease in in vivo acute toxicity. A lipid-specific mode of action in membrane recognition and an accelerated “channel” effect in perforating the bacterial membrane of the complex are described. Our results introduce a new way to design highly efficient and low-toxicity antimicrobial drugs based on architectural modulations with clinically available agents.

scholarly journals Colonization of multidrug resistant pathogens in a hybrid pediatric cardiac surgery center

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslaw Jaworski ◽  
Ireneusz Haponiuk ◽  
Mariusz Steffens ◽  
Elzbieta Arlukowicz ◽  
Ninela Irga-Jaworska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens ◽  
Surgery Center

scholarly journals Microbiology and risk factors associated with war-related wound infections in the Middle East

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (13) ◽  
pp. 2848-2857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. T. SAHLI ◽  
A. R. BIZRI ◽  
G. S. ABU-SITTAH
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
War Injuries ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

SUMMARYThe Middle East region is plagued with repeated armed conflicts that affect both civilians and soldiers. Injuries sustained during war are common and frequently associated with multiple life-threatening complications. Wound infections are major consequences of these war injuries. The microbiology of war-related wound infections is variable with predominance of Gram-negative bacteria in later stages. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among isolates affecting war-related wound injuries is a serious problem with major regional and global implications. Factors responsible for the increase in multidrug-resistant pathogens include timing and type of surgical management, wide use of antimicrobial drugs, and the presence of metallic or organic fragments in the wound. Nosocomial transmission is the most important factor in the spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Wound management of war-related injuries merits a multidisciplinary approach. This review aims to describe the microbiology of war-related wound infections and factors affecting their incidence from conflict areas in Iraq, Syria, Israel, and Lebanon.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Designed Antimicrobial Peptides against Multidrug-Resistant Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Schwab ◽  
Peter Gilligan ◽  
Jesse Jaynes ◽  
David Henke
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Peptide Antibiotics ◽  
Rpmi Medium ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

ABSTRACT The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens renders antibiotics ineffective in the treatment of lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Designed antimicrobial peptides (DAPs) are laboratory-synthesized peptide antibiotics that demonstrate a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity. Optimal conditions for susceptibility testing of these peptides have not yet been established. Medium composition is clearly a major factor influencing the results and reproducibilities of susceptibility tests. Using time-kill assays, we tested the effects of different media and buffers on the bactericidal activities of the peptides D2A21 and D4E1 onStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Each peptide at 1 and 5 μM was incubated with bacteria in the different media and buffers. Both peptides were most active in Tris-HCl buffer against S. aureus andP. aeruginosa. Among the more complex media tested, modified RPMI medium was the medium in which the peptides demonstrated the highest activity, while it supported the growth of the bacteria. The broth microdilution technique was used to test the activities of D2A21 and D4E1 in modified RPMI medium against multidrug-resistant pathogens from patients with CF. The MICs of DAPs for methicillin-resistant S. aureus ranged from 0.25 to 4 μg/ml, those for multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa ranged from 0.125 to 4 μg/ml, those for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ranged from 0.5 to 32 μg/ml, and those forBurkholderia cepacia ranged from 32 to ≥64 μg/ml. When the activity of peptide D2A21 was compared with that of the tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP), D2A21 had greater potency than TAP againstP. aeruginosa. In addition, no difference in the MICs of D2A21 was seen when it was tested in nutrient broth supplemented with NaCl at different concentrations. Thus, DAPs are a class of salt-insensitive antibiotics potentially useful in the treatment of CF patients harboring multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa.

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