Research Methods in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship—Mathematical Modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean L. Barnes ◽  
Parastu Kasaie ◽  
Deverick J. Anderson ◽  
Michael Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Compartmental Modeling ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Mathematical modeling is a valuable methodology used to study healthcare epidemiology and antimicrobial stewardship, particularly when more traditional study approaches are infeasible, unethical, costly, or time consuming. We focus on 2 of the most common types of mathematical modeling, namely compartmental modeling and agent-based modeling, which provide important advantages—such as shorter developmental timelines and opportunities for extensive experimentation—over observational and experimental approaches. We summarize these advantages and disadvantages via specific examples and highlight recent advances in the methodology. A checklist is provided to serve as a guideline in the development of mathematical models in healthcare epidemiology and antimicrobial stewardship.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2016;1–7

Math Modeling of Vacuum Conductive Timber Drying

2014 ◽  
Vol 1040 ◽  
pp. 478-483
Author(s):  
M. Goreshnev ◽  
E. Litvishko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Math Modeling ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Transfer Problems

The article is devoted to the mathematical modeling of vacuum conductive timber drying. Analysis of known mathematical models allowed revealing their advantages and disadvantages. The modeling block diagram based on the drying periods is proposed. Lykov’s equations have been selected to solve heat and mass transfer problems. The comparison of experimental and calculated data has been conducted.

scholarly journals Research Methods in Healthcare Epidemiology: Survey and Qualitative Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1272-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasia Safdar ◽  
Lilian M. Abbo ◽  
Mary Jo Knobloch ◽  
Susan K. Seo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Survey Development ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Surveys are one of the most frequently employed study designs in healthcare epidemiology research. Generally easier to undertake and less costly than many other study designs, surveys can be invaluable to gain insights into opinions and practices in large samples and may be descriptive and/or be used to test associations. In this context, qualitative research methods may complement this study design either at the survey development phase and/or at the interpretation/extension of results stage. This methods article focuses on key considerations for designing and deploying surveys in healthcare epidemiology and antibiotic stewardship, including identification of whether or not de novo survey development is necessary, ways to optimally lay out and display a survey, denominator measurement, discussion of biases to keep in mind particularly in research using surveys, and the role of qualitative research methods to complement surveys. We review examples of surveys in healthcare epidemiology and antimicrobial stewardship and review the pros and cons of methods used. A checklist is provided to help aid design and deployment of surveys in healthcare epidemiology and antimicrobial stewardship.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1–6

Agent‐Based Modeling

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott de Marchi ◽  
Scott E. Page
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Agent Based Models ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Interactions ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Mathematical Analyses ◽  
The Stability

This article provides a discussion on agent-based modeling. Two examples that show the ability of computational methods to extend game-theoretic results are presented. It then discusses modeling agents, modeling agent interactions, and system behaviour. In addition, it describes how agent-based models differ from and complement mathematical models and concludes with some suggestions for how one might best leverage the strengths of agent-based models to advance political science. Most mathematical analyses of game-theoretic models do not look into the stability and attainability of their equilibria and would be made richer by complementing them with agent-based models that explored those properties. The ability of computational models to test the robustness of formal results would be reason alone to add them to tool kits. As a methodology, agent-based modeling should be considered as in its infancy, its enormous potential limited only by the scientific and creative talents of its practitioners.

Agent-Based Modeling: Value Added to Social Work Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Emily S. Ihara ◽  
JoAnn S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Social Work Research ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
The Social

Social workers have taken large strides in adopting rigorous research methods, yet there have been computational advances that could enhance the social work knowledge base. This article introduces a computational method, agent-based modeling, which can facilitate theoretical and methodological innovations by strengthening the alignment of our research methods with common social work theories. We review three theories, identify how current methods do not allow for the full exploration of the social phenomena under investigation, and provide justification for using agent-based modeling.

scholarly journals Agent-based Computational Economics in Management Accounting Research: Opportunities and Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Wall ◽  
Stephan Leitner
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Computational Economics ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Research Endeavor

Agent-based computational economics (ACE) - while adopted comparably widely in other domains of managerial science - is a rather novel paradigm for management accounting research (MAR). This paper provides an overview of opportunities and difficulties that ACE may have for research in management accounting and, in particular, introduces a framework that researchers in management accounting may employ when considering ACE as a paradigm for their particular research endeavor. The framework builds on the two interrelated paradigmatic elements of ACE: a set of theoretical assumptions on economic agents and the approach of agent-based modeling. Particular focus is put on contrasting opportunities and difficulties of ACE in comparison to other research methods employed in MAR.

scholarly journals Research Methods in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-628
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Morgan ◽  
Nasia Safdar ◽  
Aaron M. Milstone ◽  
Deverick J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Research in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship (HE&AS) is rapidly expanding with the involvement of researchers from varied countries and backgrounds. Researchers must use scientific methods that will provide the strongest evidence to advance healthcare epidemiology, but there are limited resources for information on specific aspects of HE&AS research or easy ways to access examples of studies using specific methods with HE&AS. In response to this need, the SHEA Research Committee has developed a series of white papers on research methods in HE&AS. The objective of this series is to promote rigorous healthcare epidemiology research by summarizing critical components, practical considerations, and pitfalls of commonly used research methods.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:627–628

scholarly journals Research Methods in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship: Randomized Controlled Trials

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deverick J. Anderson ◽  
Manisha Juthani-Mehta ◽  
Daniel J. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomization ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Outcome Selection ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology ◽  
Cluster Level

Randomized controlled trials (RCT) produce the strongest level of clinical evidence when comparing interventions. RCTs are technically difficult, costly, and require specific considerations including the use of patient- and cluster-level randomization and outcome selection. In this methods paper, we focus on key considerations for RCT methods in healthcare epidemiology and antimicrobial stewardship (HE&AS) research, including the need for cluster randomization, conduct at multiple sites, behavior modification interventions, and difficulty with identifying appropriate outcomes. We review key RCTs in HE&AS with a focus on advantages and disadvantages of methods used. A checklist is provided to aid in the development of RCTs in HE&AS.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:629–634

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