scholarly journals Archives, the Digital Turn, and Governance in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Fabienne Chamelot ◽  
Vincent Hiribarren ◽  
Marie Rodet
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Digital Archiving ◽  
Opening Up

Abstract:With the rise of information technology, an increasing proportion of public African archives are being digitized and made accessible on the internet. The same is being done to a certain extent with private archives too. As much as the new technologies are raising enthusiasm, they have prompted discussion among researchers and archivists, on subjects ranging from matters of intellectual property to sovereignty and governance. Digital archiving disrupts archival norms and practices, opening up a field of reflection relatively little explored by historians. This article therefore seeks to reflect on the digital turn of African archives as a subject for study in its own right, located at the crossroads of political and economic interests.

New Data and Old Dilemmas: Changes and Continuities in Online Social Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 761-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel G. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Widespread View ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Western Democracies

The pace of change occasioned by the affordances of new technologies is accelerating. The last 5 years have seen developments following in the train of Web 2.0 applications that are remarkable even set against the pace of change since the advent of the Internet. Yet it is important to be realistic about the depth of change. While there is a widespread view that the prevailing trope of our contemporary times in the Western democracies is that of neoliberalism, that view also testifies to the enduring grip of long-established realities of political economy. This article assesses what has really changed, and what has not, in four domains: Collaborative and Online Working, Citizen Research & Opening Up Research, Analyzing Online Materials, and Merged Methods.

Information Technologies and Globalization

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-79
Author(s):  
Dilnawaz A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Cold War ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Global Business ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Rare Opportunity

Technology is defined as a device to compensate for human physical,psychological, and mental limitations. It is usually neutral, but can havefunctional and dysfunctional aspects based on its users’ intentions.Historically, the technological haves have justified the existence and possessionof new technologies, have publicized their own innocence andsense of responsibility in using them, and have asserted the innocuousnessof their devices without necessarily sharing all of their secrets. Concernedand helpless, the technological have-nots have resisted them and, havingsuffered their deadly devastation, have tried to obtain them at great risk tothemselves. However, the situation of information technology/-ies (IT) isdifferent and more interesting. The haves have attempted to popularizetheir use globally for commercial and other reasons. Many have-nots areembracing them wholeheartedly, while some are more cautious.One motivation behind the use of these technologies is globalization.The increasingly popularized term globalization is rather vague and complex,allowing a variety of interpretations and hidden intentions. Thehave-nots seem to see it as the West’s redoubled efforts at Westernizingthe world with all its pains, pleasures, and perversions; as achieving politicalhegemony as the sole superpower after the end of the Cold War; andas the “opening up of the globe” for commercial control on its own terms.Initially the world, especially the nations of South Asia, saw for themselvesa rare opportunity in the globalization of trade and IT. But since thecontagion has now spread, rather too fast, across the globe, the world cansee more clearly both the prospects and the problems of these two majorglobal trends. The purpose of this paper is to identify various issuesinvolved in these trends, and to discuss, in greater depth, some of them,namely, global business, the promise of technology, and the globalizationof media and culture ...

Piracy and Intellectual Property Theft in the Internet Era

2018 ◽  
pp. 1656-1666
Author(s):  
Shun-Yung Kevin Wang ◽  
Jeremy J McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Criminological Theory ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Intellectual Properties ◽  
Intellectual Property Theft

Stealing ideas is not something new, but stealing and transporting ideas in a massive amount has become possible in the era of the Internet, in which this group of incidents emerged rapidly. Based on the frameworks of criminological theory/thesis, this chapter intends to elaborate intellectual property theft and piracy emerged in the cyberspace. Contemporary cases of intellectual property theft and piracy are used to illustrate the blurred line between victims and offenders, especially in the era of Internet. The impacts of related information technology should be carefully appraised, as more and more intellectual properties are in digital format.

Piracy and Intellectual Property Theft in the Internet Era

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Shun-Yung Kevin Wang ◽  
Jeremy J McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Criminological Theory ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Intellectual Properties ◽  
Intellectual Property Theft

Stealing ideas is not something new, but stealing and transporting ideas in a massive amount has become possible in the era of the internet. Based on the frameworks of criminological theory/thesis, this chapter intends to elaborate intellectual property theft and piracy in cyberspace. Contemporary cases of intellectual property theft and piracy are used to illustrate the blurred line between victims and offenders. The impacts of related information technology should be carefully appraised, as more and more intellectual properties are in digital format.

Gender and Information Technology in Rural Bangladesh

2009 ◽  
pp. 1591-1594
Author(s):  
Lutfor Rahman ◽  
Nusrat Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Background ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Electronic Networks ◽  
Access To Knowledge

Information technology (IT) is transforming our personal, social, cultural, economic and political lives. But women in developing countries do not have equal access to knowledge, due to the fact that they do not have access to the new technologies at the same level as western European women. They need to understand the significance of new technologies and use them in relevant fields. IT can offer immense opportunities for virtually all girls and women in developing countries, including poor women living in rural areas. Developing countries like Bangladesh are usually seen as problematic hosts for ITs because most developing regions of the country lack economic resources and indigenous techno-scientific capabilities to develop and deploy IT infrastructures. The regions also tend not to make the best use of opportunities of technology transfer. The wider adoption of IT in the 1990s promised a globally connected community of equal participants in electronic networks. The Internet has enabled people to communicate regardless of race, sex, physical ability, location and social background (GVU, 1998). IT now offers access to a huge pool of information. The Internet enables worldwide communication that is cheaper, faster and more flexible than older media like e-mail, telephone, telex or fax.

Information Technology and Islamic Ethics

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-81
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Islamic Ethics ◽  
Workplace Ethics ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The Way

The whole issue of information technology is of major interest for the whole society. The new millennium has provided some of the most exciting technological advancements, which has transformed the way businesses are managed, organised, and developed. The technology is a phenomenon, and it is dramatically changing the way businesses deal with their customers. In a climate of increased competition, expansion of new technologies, possible drop in customer numbers, one way of increasing customer numbers would be by enhancing customer experiences on the internet. It is widely accepted that relationship marketing enhances with positive experience, and the internet is a key relationship building tool. The focus of the chapter is that Islamic workplace ethics believes that confidential sharing of information should only be given to limited and relevant stakeholders in the business.

Bioinformatics Patents - The Challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rujita Ravindra Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
European Union ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Technology Research ◽  
The Us ◽  
Software Patents ◽  
Research Tools

This paper examines the problems and complexities created by the patent regime as well as challenges posed by accommodating new technologies like bioinformatics in its traditional patent framework. It examines and analyses the standards of biotechnology and software patents followed in the US, EU and India based on judicial precedents and its implications on bioinformatics patents, analyses bioinformatics patents granted in the United States and European Union and examines the  Indian Patent Manual and the patentability standards followed in India.Keywords: Bioinformatics, Patents, Information Technology, research tools, biotechnology and software patents, Intellectual Property Rights. 

The carrot v. the stick: can copyright be used to enhance access to cultural heritage resources in the networked environment?

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Elster Pantalony
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Management Models ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Internet Environment ◽  
Ways Of Thinking

Copyright, if used effectively, managed well and respected in business arrangements, encourages and enhances access to content in the Internet environment. But with the advent of new technologies and the emergence of a knowledge-based society, new ways of thinking are required in order to ensure that the Internet remains a ‘place’ where information can flow with few if any restrictions. Using the modern museum as example, this paper analyzes two types of intellectual property – databases and photographs – to determine whether copyright protection reduces or enhances access. It also touches briefly on some new management models which meet the needs of the users as well as the authors of copyright materials, while still fulfilling the key financial objectives of the organizations that host or provide content.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Process of Hiring Employees Under the Influence of Information Technologies

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Olga O. Pavloshchuk ◽  
Viktoriia E. Melnychuk ◽  
Nadiia V. Roshchyna
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Resource Department ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of

The socio-economic and political transformations in the country cannot be perceived without the implementation of information technology. Nowadays, Internet resources are actively used in all spheres of life, so personnel management departments, following the example of foreign recruitment companies, adapt the system of selection of personnel to the modern technological realities. Human capital is still one of the most important factors in the country's development. It was approved that the proper selection of a qualified specialist is the key to the success of any company, organization, enterprise because the staff influences their efficiency and competitiveness in the occupied market segment. On this basis, it should be noted that the output of the Human Resource department is crucial. Staffing is not possible without the use of information technology and the Internet. Analyzing the existing changes in the field of hiring employees, we verified that new technologies are implemented solidly. Head-hunters and recruiters use dedicated social networking sites and job search sites to recruit highly qualified personnel. Recent advances in marketing, such as targeted advertising, are also actively and purposefully used to attract the attention of potential employees. Moreover, specialized software is being developed to simplify the selection and screening system for those candidates who do not meet the requirements of the enterprise. It should be noted that the development of information technology has fundamentally affected the change in the relationships and interactions of people in society, involving all spheres of life. Looking at people around the world who spend a lot of time in the virtual space and want to find a particular job, it should be confirmed that there is no longer a need to print it in the newspaper, broadcast it on the radio or to show on television. The results of our research show that the advertisement for the job position can be entirely spread on the Internet in the nearest future. Information technology has made adjustments to the specifics of hiring qualified personnel in the world, and in particular in Ukraine. The widespread availability of information resources in the world has fundamentally changed the policies of Human Resource Management departments and the tactics of their specialists. It has been done a lot in the development of the Human Resource department in Ukraine, but several unresolved issues should be overcome. It`s the quandary of the future. Key words: information technology, human capital, human resources management, social networks.

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