External Teleology and Functionalism: Hegel, Life Science and the Organism–Environment Relation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Maximilian Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Philosophy Of Nature ◽  
General Kind

Abstract In the chapter on Observing Reason in the Phenomenology, as well as in §368 of the Philosophy of Nature, Hegel deals with the life sciences of his time. There, he labels the methodology of its representatives, namely zoology and comparative anatomy, as external teleology. In this paper I want to show that by doing so he is actually discussing a general kind of functionalism. Thereby, I want to highlight a line of thought in Hegel's texts which represents a productive reading of external teleology contrary to a destructive reading on which scholars have mainly focussed.

scholarly journals Educational Challenges of Molecular Life Science: Characteristics and Implications for Education and Research

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena A.E. Tibell ◽  
Carl-Johan Rundgren
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Pure Sciences ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Educational Challenges ◽  
Starting Point

Molecular life science is one of the fastest-growing fields of scientific and technical innovation, and biotechnology has profound effects on many aspects of daily life—often with deep, ethical dimensions. At the same time, the content is inherently complex, highly abstract, and deeply rooted in diverse disciplines ranging from “pure sciences,” such as math, chemistry, and physics, through “applied sciences,” such as medicine and agriculture, to subjects that are traditionally within the remit of humanities, notably philosophy and ethics. Together, these features pose diverse, important, and exciting challenges for tomorrow's teachers and educational establishments. With backgrounds in molecular life science research and secondary life science teaching, we (Tibell and Rundgren, respectively) bring different experiences, perspectives, concerns, and awareness of these issues. Taking the nature of the discipline as a starting point, we highlight important facets of molecular life science that are both characteristic of the domain and challenging for learning and education. Of these challenges, we focus most detail on content, reasoning difficulties, and communication issues. We also discuss implications for education research and teaching in the molecular life sciences.

Microfluidics and Beyond – Devices for Applications in Biotechnology -

2004 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Daub ◽  
Rolf M. Kaack ◽  
Oliver Gutmann ◽  
Chris P. Steinert ◽  
Remigius Niekrawietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Microarray Technology ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Liquid Handling ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
Integration Density ◽  
Volume Range

AbstractFor the performance of certain analytical and diagnostic tasks in modern Life Science applications high throughput screening (HTS) methods are essential. Miniaturization, parallelization and automation allow to decrease consumption of expensive materials and lead to faster analyzing times. The miniaturization of total assay volumes by the use of microtiter plates as well as the microarray technology have revolutionized the field of biotechnology and Life Sciences. Neither printing of microarrays with droplet volumes of several picoliters, nor handling of precious enzymes in the upper nanoliter range can be accomplished with traditional liquid handling devices like air displacement pipettes. The development of novel low volume liquid handling devices, which are subject to current research, addresses the diverse requirements shifting steadily to lower volumes. Various novel non-contact dispensing methods in the nanoliter and picoliter range are presented and classified according to their working principles like air displacement and direct displacement methods (TopSpot®, NanoJetTM, Dispensing Well PlateTM). Properties of the various methods are compared in terms of flexibility, integration density, speed of operation, precision, addressable volume range and amenability to multi-parallel operation.

The Pursuit of Meaning: Placing Biodiversity and Biography at the Center of Biology

2021 ◽  
pp. 002205742110268
Author(s):  
Joel I. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
Conservation Funding ◽  
Female Scientists

Naturalists enrich our scientific understanding of biodiversity. However, just as countries have fallen behind on commitments to provide biodiversity conservation funding, so has the focus of life science stayed arm’s length. The purpose of this article is to consider why biodiversity should be the center of life sciences education and how biographies of Charles Darwin and the incorporation of female scientists allow important findings, paintings, and journaling as part of standard teachings. The addition of female naturalists will provide role models for diverse, underrepresented student populations. This article suggests that biodiversity and biography become central to hteaching life sciences while supplemented by other practices. Such reallocations provide students an opportunity to learn not only what these scientists discovered but how these individuals “developed” into scientists.

Politics and the Evolution of Inquiry in Political Science

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Further Development

Although we may be pessimistic (with good reason) about contemporary politics, especially as it effects the prospects for the survival of the human species in the long run, we can be more optimistic about the study of politics from a life science perspective. Certainly the two are related. Becoming optimistic about the former may depend in part upon the further development of biopolitics and of the biobehaviorial and life sciences generally.

scholarly journals Review of Emotional Intelligence: A Preliminary Map Across Latin America

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1271-1271
Author(s):  
H Patino-Carvajal ◽  
L Tibiriçá ◽  
Y Garcia ◽  
A Maresco ◽  
I Tourgeman
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Related Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Total Life

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Emotional Intelligence (EI) research among 19 Latin American countries. Participants and Method Respective to each country, Total Life Science publications and Psychology publications were gathered from “UNESCO Science Report Towards 2030.” Population and GDP statistics pertaining to each country were derived from CIA Factbook. Mean education and percentage of GDP allocated for education were gathered from UNESCO Institute for Statistics. The databases SciELO and Redalyc were used to exhume the number of published Emotional Intelligence articles. The term “inteligencia emocional” was used. Findings were filtered to meet inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed, published between 2008-2018, corresponding to a Psychology related subject. Duplicate articles, those that did not contain the term “inteligencia emocional” in the abstract and articles that were not listed under the Psychology category were excluded. Results Data analysis of 19 countries from 2008-2014 revealed the mean number of Emotional Intelligence published articles to be 2.65 (SD = 5.54) articles per country - with a maximum of 22 and a minimum of 0. The percent of articles featuring EI in relation to Total Psychology articles published had a mean of 7% - with Minimum of 0% and Maximum of 60%. Bolivia has the highest percentage of articles on EI (60%), whereas Colombia the highest total number of articles published (n = 41). Population was significantly correlated with Total Articles Published and Total Psychology Articles Published. Conclusions Emotional Intelligence in Latin American countries is not widely investigated. Findings revealed 12 out of 19 Latin American countries had one or more publications related to Emotional Intelligence. While population was shown to be related to the number of articles published in Life Sciences and Psychology, it did not reveal a correlation with the publication of studies regarding EI. Furthermore, education and GDP were not related to the overall publication of articles.

ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN LIFE SCIENCES: THE CASE OF A MODERATE INNOVATOR COUNTRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650004 ◽  
Author(s):  
AURORA A. C. TEIXEIRA ◽  
JOÃO NOGUEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Start Up

The commercialization of research done by universities and research institutes is seen as a key element of entrepreneurship, justifying a better understanding of the entrepreneurial process within those institutions. Despite efforts in recent decades, there remains a widespread ignorance about who are the individuals with a greater vocation for research and marketing of knowledge. Focusing on a relatively unexplored context — the field of life sciences in a moderate innovator country, Portugal — this study adds new empirical evidence to the precedents of academic entrepreneurship. The results, based on 247 responses, evidence that entrepreneurship (including patent production, consultancy work and creation of start-up companies) is still very incipient. The econometric analysis of the “Index of entrepreneurial activity,” shows that: (1) the phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship is within everyone’s reach, but embraced by very few; and (2) academic entrepreneurship feeds on the exchange of knowledge and resources among universities and research institutes and their socio-economic environment. Thus, to increase academic entrepreneurship in life science in Portugal, the mechanisms to facilitate the interactions between universities and the business community must be strengthened, promoting the development of business clusters with the integration of the academic world, which will enable the transformation of knowledge into market products and services.

scholarly journals A Metafisica da Vontade e as Ciências: um estudo em Schopenhauer sobre a natureza humana

2021 ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
RAMONN DE OLIVEIRA ALVES ◽  
FLÁVIO LUIZ DE CASTRO FREITAS ◽  
MICHELE ANGELO TINAGLI CASAROSA
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Arthur Schopenhauer ◽  
Philosophy Of Nature ◽  
Scientific Training ◽  
The World

 O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em tentar explicitar uma possível relação entre o argumento do filósofo Arthur Schopenhauer acerca da natureza humana, à luz de sua metafísica da vontade, e aspectos das ciências empíricas, tomadas aqui enquanto base para uma filosofia imanente da natureza. Para tanto, algumas obras importantes foram adotadas como base deste estudo, tais como: O Mundo como Vontade e Representação e Sobre Vontade na Natureza. Inicialmente, procurou-se aproximar alguns elementos de sua formação científica e investigar como o autor utiliza os recursos das ciências da vida em sua metafísica, transferindo seus argumentos filosóficos para áreas de estudo como a fisiologia. Em seguida pretendeu-se com explorar uma espécie de argumento naturalista, à medida que adentra o panorama observacional do filósofo. O objetivo não é estabelecer uma defesa desta visão, mas compreender a dinâmica desta intelecção sobre natureza, o que permitirá examinar dimensões tanto do ponto de vista naturalista quanto existencial, intimamente relacionadas com a sujeição do homem a um princípio volitivo.Palavras-chave: Schopenhauer. Ciências. Metafísica. Natureza Humana. The Metaphysics of Will and The Sciences: a study in Schopenhauer on human natureABSTRACTThe objective of this paper is to try to explain a possible relationship between the argument of the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer about human nature, in the light of his metaphysics of will, and aspects of the empirical sciences, taken here as the basis for an immanent philosophy of nature. Therefore, some important works were adopted as the basis for this study, such as: The World as Will and Representation and About Will in Nature. Initially, an attempt was made to bring together some elements of his scientific training and investigate how the author uses the resources of life sciences in his metaphysics, transferring his philosophical arguments to areas of study such as physiology. Then, it was intended to explore a kind of naturalist argument, as it enters the observational panorama of the philosopher. The objective is not to establish a defense of this vision, but to understand the dynamics of this understanding of nature, which will allow us to examine dimensions both from a naturalistic and an existential point of view, closely related to the subjection of man to a volitional principle.Keywords: Schopenhauer. Science. Metaphysics. Human Nature.

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