scholarly journals Topological structure and entropy of mixing graph maps

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1587-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRZEGORZ HARAŃCZYK ◽  
DOMINIK KWIETNIAK ◽  
PIOTR OPROCHA

AbstractLet ${ \mathcal{P} }_{G} $ be the family of all topologically mixing, but not exact self-maps of a topological graph $G$. It is proved that the infimum of topological entropies of maps from ${ \mathcal{P} }_{G} $ is bounded from below by $\log 3/ \Lambda (G)$, where $\Lambda (G)$ is a constant depending on the combinatorial structure of $G$. The exact value of the infimum on ${ \mathcal{P} }_{G} $ is calculated for some families of graphs. The main tool is a refined version of the structure theorem for mixing graph maps. It also yields new proofs of some known results, including Blokh’s theorem (topological mixing implies the specification property for maps on graphs).

1979 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Logan

A closure algebra is a set X with a closure operator C defined on it. It is possible to construct a topology τ on MX, the family of maximal, proper, closed subsets of X, and then to examine the relationship between the algebraic structure of (X, C) and the topological structure of the dual space (MX τ) This paper describes the algebraic conditions which are necessary and sufficient for the dual space to be separable metric and metric respectively.


1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
D. W. Bressler ◽  
A. H. Cayford

The set operations under consideration are Borel operations and Souslin's operation (). With respect to a given family of sets and in a setting free of any topological structure there are defined three Borel families (Definitions 3.1) and the family of Souslin sets (Definition 4.1). Conditions on an initial family are determined under which iteration of the Borel operations with Souslin's operation () on the initial family and the families successively produced results in a non-decreasing sequence of families of analytic sets (Theorem 5.2.1 and Definition 3.5). A classification of families of analytic sets with respect to an initial family of sets is indicated in a manner analogous to the familiar classification of Borel sets (Definition 5.3).


Author(s):  
D. B. Mcalister

AbstractA partially ordered semigroup S is said to be a Dubreil-Jacotin semigroup if there is an isotone homomorphism θ of S onto a partially ordered group such that {} has a greatest member. In this paper we investigate the structure of regular Dubreil-Jacotin semigroups in which the imposed partial order extends the natural partial order on the idempotents. The main tool used is a local structure theorem which is introduced in Section 2. This local structure theorem applies to many other contexts as well.


1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Lyons ◽  
Robin Pemantle ◽  
Yuval Peres

AbstractWe consider simple random walk on the family treeTof a nondegenerate supercritical Galton—Watson branching process and show that the resulting harmonic measure has a.s. strictly smaller Hausdorff dimension than that of the whole boundary ofT. Concretely, this implies that an exponentially small fraction of thenth level ofTcarries most of the harmonic measure. First-order asymptotics for the rate of escape, Green function and the Avez entropy of the random walk are also determined. Ergodic theory of the shift on the space of random walk paths on trees is the main tool; the key observation is that iterating the transformation induced from this shift to the subset of ‘exit points’ yields a nonintersecting path sampled from harmonic measure.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Edison Andrade-Sánchez ◽  
Iván Pincay-Aguilar ◽  
Crhistian Díaz-S ◽  
Michelle Ortiz-R

El diseño social es la actividad que conlleva la responsabilidad de los profesionales en el desarrollo económico, social y cultural de las comunidades con miras al progreso, por este motivo el objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la aplicabilidad del diseño social desde los procesos psicosociales, la comunicación visual y la publicidad en la comunidad. La metodología fue documental, descriptiva y exploratoria de análisis cualitativos y cuantitativos teniendo como herramienta principal la encuesta, con el propósito de documentar el nivel de conocimiento que poseen los microempresarios de la zona con respecto a publicidad y comunicación visual en el entorno psicosocial en el que se desarrollan. Los resultados demostraron que al documentar las actividad comercial y los ingresos económicos percibidos, más los gastos de la casa y la familia, variables psicosociales importantes, de las cuales se notó una alta percepción en los indicadores regular y aceptable con respecto a los ingresos económicos que estas personas perciben y que se convierten para la mayoría en una ayuda para solventar los gastos de la casa y de la familia, pero con un marcado desconocimiento en las ventajas y beneficios que podría otorgar la publicidad y la comunicación visual en sus negocios, desde la  aplicación del diseño social desde los procesos psicosociales, la comunicación visual y la publicidad, para impulsar proyectos que mejoren la matiz productiva, brindando conocimientos teóricos y técnicos sobre la importancia del diseño gráfico y la publicidad.   Abstract Social design is the activity that involves the responsibility of professionals in the economic, social and cultural development of communities with a view to progress, for this reason the objective of this research it was to evaluate the applicability of social design from the processes psychosocial, visual communication and publicity in the community. The methodology was documentary, descriptive and exploratory of qualitative and quantitative analysis having as main tool the survey, with the purpose of documenting the level of knowledge that micro entrepreneurs in the area have regarding advertising and visual communication in the psychosocial environment in which they develop. The results showed that when documenting the commercial activity and the income received, plus the expenses of the house and the family, important psychosocial variables, of which a high perception was observed in the indicators, regular and acceptable with respect to the economic income that These people perceive and that for the majority they become an aid to solve the expenses of the house and the family, but with a marked ignorance in the advantages and benefits that the publicity and the visual communication in their businesses could grant, from the application of social design from psychosocial processes, visual communication and advertising, to promote projects that improve the productive nuance, providing theoretical and technical knowledge on the importance of graphic design and advertising.


Author(s):  
Dmitry I. Zabolotny ◽  
Viktor M. Samohodskiy ◽  
N.V. Ponomarenko

Introduction: Based of tht author's doctoral dissertation of tht problems of insurance medicine, relevant monographs and scientific articles, an attempt is presented to substantiate tht option of transforming our purely governmental national system of insurance medicine. Purpose: Using more than thirty of our innovative organizational and medico-economic standards, criteria and regulations, in tht process of their "activation" in the conditions of a full-scale experiment under the pilot project program in the Health Care institutions of various levels of medical district, to determine the level of their effectiveness to justify the specified transformation during the launch of our system of insurance medicine. Materials and methods: The object of the study was all residents (up to 2000) of the family physician's area of responsibility. On the basis of structural-logical analysis and the use of medical-economic standards, doctors' labor costs, distribution of otolaryngological diseases into clinical-statistical groups (CSG) and diagnosticrelated groups (DRG), as well as the degree of their complexity and the complexity of possible surgical interventions, thanks to the formula for calculating the labor costs of doctors and treatment process we obtained evidencebased information about real "budget" cost of treatment of diseases of a certain CSG. Results and discussion: At the first in trade part mental stage of insurance medicine, the main tool should be a system of medical and economic standards, which include the price of labor costs, in particular doctors, wage fund, rates of increasing coefficients for the treatment of complex diseases, the level of financial incentives for doctors and the like. The tables present a mechanism for calculating the evidence-based cost of treating diseases of varying degrees of complexity and physician salaries, as well as the possibilities of forming both an adequate amount of funds that "follow the patient" and forecasting the health improvement budget for the family physician's area of responsibility. Conclusions: Presented an algorithm for the implementation of our medical and economic standards, the feasibility of which has been proven in the "field" conditions of the field experiment in the process of professional management, can constitute, under conditions of its continuous improvement, the medical and economic basis for the start of our system of budgetary and insurance medicine.


Filomat ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 5489-5495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Brzdęk ◽  
Magdalena Piszczek

We show that some multifunctions F : K ? n(Y), satisfying functional inclusions of the form ? (x,F(?1(x)),..., F(?n(x)))? F(x)G(x), admit near-selections f : K ? Y, fulfilling the functional equation ? (x,f (?1(x)),..,, f(?n(x)))= f(x), where functions G : K ? n(Y), ?: K x Yn ? Y and ?1,..., ?n ? KK are given, n is a fixed positive integer, K is a nonempty set, (Y,?) is a group and n(Y) denotes the family of all nonempty subsets of Y. Our results have been motivated by the notion of Ulam stability and some earlier outcomes. The main tool in the proofs is a very recent fixed point theorem for nonlinear operators, acting on some spaces of multifunctions.


2013 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 2892-2896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yong Jiang

Much of the work on routing algorithms, particularly for multicast, which has been done in the past has used fairly simple models to generate the topological graph which represents the hosts in the network. Good models of the topological structure of a network are essential for developing and analyzing wireless network technology. This paper proposes a more realistic model based on the theory of complex network, incorporating hierarchy and redundancy, and is developed into a network generation algorithm.


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