scholarly journals “Slowly Becoming Sales Promotion Men?”: Negotiating the Career of the Sales Representative in Britain, 1920s–1970s

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIKE FRENCH
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Sales Representative ◽  
Occupational Identity ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Packaged Goods ◽  
Corporate Growth ◽  
Stock Character ◽  
Marketing Methods ◽  
The Impact

The commercial traveler, or traveling salesman, was an agent of commercialism and modernization as well as a stock character in British popular culture. To C. Wright Mills, salesmen faced particularly challenging demands to conform to managerial direction. This article examines how British salesmen negotiated their occupational identity during the twentieth century. Developments in marketing, corporate growth, and periods of war and recession all challenged salesmen’s status and autonomy. These influences prompted a lengthy and recurring debate about how best to present, defend, and justify their work and identity. New marketing techniques and management systems evolved steadily, rather than producing sudden or uniform changes in the ways in which salesmen worked. Their culture of enterprise and individualism persisted, in part as it was shared by employers and managers. The impact of new marketing methods proved greatest in confectionery, tobacco, and other consumer goods trades as sales of branded, packaged goods expanded. Even then, salesmen contributed to shaping their work and occupational identity, proving unable to establish professional credentials and dividing over whether adopting trade union methods could improve their position.

THE IMPACT OF "PUBLIC CULTURE" ON YOUTH SPIRITUALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Mukhiddin Tursunmuratov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Young People ◽  
Public Culture ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

This article provides a detailed description and explanation of the term "popular culture". It also analyzes a number of aspects of "popular culture" that are becoming more widespread today, their role and influence in the formation of the minds and behavior of young people, and draws the necessary conclusions. Most importantly, it also describes ways to protect young people from threats in the form of "popular culture" that negatively affect their morale.

Impact of quality management systems on teaching-learning processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Fernández Cruz ◽  
Inmaculada Egido Gálvez ◽  
Rafael Carballo Santaolalla
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
School Quality ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Quality management systems are being used more frequently in educational institutions, although their application has generated a certain amount of disagreement among education experts, who have at times questioned their suitability and usefulness for improving schools. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to this discussion by providing additional knowledge on the effects in educational institutions of implementing quality management systems. Specifically, this study investigates teachers’ and managers’ perception of the impact that quality management systems have on one essential dimension of schools, the teaching–learning processes, with impact being understood as sustained medium- and long-term organisational change. Design/methodology/approach The responses were analysed and classified into a set of sub-dimensions linked to quality management processes in a total of 29 Spanish primary and secondary education schools that have used such systems for at least three years. Findings The results showed that, according to the respondents, the following sub-dimensions were improving as a result of implementing quality management plans: teaching and learning processes, the analysis of student results, tutoring, consideration of attitudes and values and assessment processes. Conversely, quality management systems did not seem to have a clear impact on the teaching methodologies used by teachers or on family involvement in student learning. In fact, the perceived impact in these sub-dimensions varied among teachers of public and private schools as well as when comparing different regional autonomous communities. Originality/value As the main objective of a school is to guarantee student learning, one of the essential purposes of school quality assurance systems is to perform all the activities aimed at ensuring high levels of student performance.

Use of Knowledge Management Systems and the Impact on the Acquisition of Explicit Knowledge

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holli McCall ◽  
Vicky Arnold ◽  
Steve G. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Reference Materials ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Knowledge Management Systems ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: In an era where knowledge is increasingly seen as an organization's most valuable asset, many firms have implemented knowledge-management systems (KMS) in an effort to capture, store, and disseminate knowledge across the firm. Concerns have been raised, however, about the potential dependency of users on KMS and the related potential for decreases in knowledge acquisition and expertise development (Cole 1998; Alavi and Leidner 2001b; O'Leary 2002a). The purpose of this study, which is exploratory in nature, is to investigate whether using KMS embedded with explicit knowledge impacts novice decision makers' judgment performance and knowledge acquisition differently than using traditional reference materials (e.g., manuals, textbooks) to research and solve a problem. An experimental methodology is used to study the relative performance and explicit knowledge acquisition of 188 participants partitioned into two groups using either a KMS or traditional reference materials in problem solving. The study finds that KMS users outperform users of traditional reference materials when they have access to their respective systems/materials, but the users of traditional reference materials outperform KMS users when respective systems/materials are removed. While all users improve interpretive problem solving and encoding of definitions and rules, there are significant differences in knowledge acquisition between the two groups.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bio-Risk Management System Implementation in Indonesian Higher Education Laboratory

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5076
Author(s):  
Anom Bowolaksono ◽  
Fatma Lestari ◽  
Saraswati Andani Satyawardhani ◽  
Abdul Kadir ◽  
Cynthia Febrina Maharani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Risk Management System ◽  
The Impact

Developing countries face various challenges in implementing bio-risk management systems in the laboratory. In addition, educational settings are considered as workplaces with biohazard risks. Every activity in a laboratory facility carries many potential hazards that can impact human health and the environment and may cause laboratory incidents, including Laboratory Acquired Infections (LAIs). In an effort to minimize the impact and occurrence of these incidents, it is necessary to evaluate the implementation of a bio-risk management system in every activity that involves handling biological agents. This study was conducted in an Indonesian higher-education institution, herein coded as University Y. This is a descriptive, semi-quantitative study aimed at analysing and evaluating the implementation of the bio-risk management systems used in laboratories by analysing the achievements obtained by each laboratory. The study used primary data that were collected using a checklist which referred to ISO 35001: 2019 on Laboratory Bio-risk Management. The checklist consisted of 202 items forming seven main elements. In addition, secondary data obtained from literature and document review were also used. The results show that out of 11 laboratories examined, only 2 laboratories met 50% of the requirements, which were Laboratory A and B, achieving good performance. Regarding the clauses of standards, a gap analysis identified leadership, performance evaluation, and support as elements with the lowest achievement. Therefore, corrective action should be developed by enhancing the commitment from management as well as improving documentation, policy, education and training.

scholarly journals Soil macrofauna under integrated crop-livestock systems in a Brazilian Cerrado Ferralsol

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1011-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robélio Leandro Marchão ◽  
Patrick Lavelle ◽  
Leonide Celini ◽  
Luiz Carlos Balbino ◽  
Lourival Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Systems ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Systems ◽  
Diptera Larvae

The objective of this work was to assess the effects of integrated crop-livestock systems, associated with two tillage and two fertilization regimes, on the abundance and diversity of the soil macrofauna. Four different management systems were studied: continuous pasture (mixed grass); continuous crop; two crop-livestock rotations (crop/pasture and pasture/crop); and native Cerrado as a control. Macrofauna was sampled using a modified Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility method, and all individuals were counted and identified at the morphospecies level for each plot. A total of 194 morphospecies were found, distributed among 30 groups, and the most representative in decreasing order of density were: Isoptera, Coleoptera larvae, Formicidae, Oligochaeta, Coleoptera adult, Diplopoda, Hemiptera, Diptera larvae, Arachnida, Chilopoda, Lepidoptera, Gasteropoda, Blattodea and Orthoptera. Soil management systems and tillage regimes affected the structure of soil macrofauna, and integrated crop-livestock systems, associated with no-tillage, especially with grass/legume species associations, had more favorable conditions for the development of "soil engineers" compared with continuous pasture or arable crops. Soil macrofauna density and diversity, assessed at morphospecies level, are effective data to measure the impact of land use in Cerrado soils.

The influence of price and promotion on package size propensity

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Amit K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Packaged Goods ◽  
Package Size ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The constantly changing prices, promotions, and packaging options have made decision making more complex for consumers of packaged goods. The purpose of this paper is to explore how price and promotions influence consumer propensity to buy a certain package size. Design/methodology/approach Scanner panel data for shelf-stable salad dressing obtained from Information Resources Inc. were used to compute the proportion of large packages bought, the relative price paid for large packages, propensity to use various types of promotions, and a behavioral covariate for each household. Data of over 5,600 households were analyzed using a multiple regression analysis for hypothesis testing. Findings The positive nature of relationship between the relative price of large packages and the proportion of large packages bought demonstrates the suboptimal nature of consumer decision making. The inefficiency is partially attributable to the abundance of promotions, to consumers’ lack of price awareness, and to the use of heuristics by consumers. Also, consumers who are prone to use promotions such as displays and temporary price reductions tend to purchase larger packages. They are more likely to buy impulsively and base their decisions on heuristics. In contrast, consumers who are influenced by featured price cuts and who utilize coupons tend to purchase smaller packages. Research limitations/implications Data were obtained from grocery stores; only a single product category was studied. Practical implications Offer coupons and advertise featured price cuts on small packages to increase the sales of smaller packages. To move large packages successfully, retailers should rely more on in-store displays and temporary price reductions. Originality/value The impact of price and promotions on package size propensity has never been investigated. This study is also one of the few that uses a household-level analysis based on observable purchase data for consumer packaged goods.

scholarly journals The influence of quality management systems for improvement of logistics supply in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Zimon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Supply Logistics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

Research background: ISO 9001 with its requirements gives a company a guidance on the definition of the quality management system architecture, based on the process approach and the indications for its continuous improvement. Despite the general emphasis to the benefits of implementation of ISO 9001 in the literature, there is a still lack of research concerning the actual impact of quality management systems for improving specific logistics processes. The research is focused on the Polish market because there is no research in the subject literature which concerns the impact of the implementation of quality management systems on the improvement of logistic processes in Polish enterprises. Purpose of the article: The focus of this publication was to examine the impact of the implementation of the requirements of ISO 9001 for process improvement supply logistics. Methods: Empirical studies were carried out in September and October 2014 on a group of 17 companies with implemented and certified quality management systems according to ISO 9001. The research tool was a questionnaire survey sent to management representatives (25 respondents) and workers (140 respondents). The surveys were supplemented with direct interviews with employees of the companies. Findings: Based on the survey it can be stated that the quality management systems, accord-ing to ISO 9001, had a fairly large impact on improving procurement processes. This is particularly evident in areas including relationships with suppliers, quality control, workflow and communication, both internal and external. The positive aspects achieved through the implementation of quality management systems due to the fact that the ISO 9001 standard in its commitments puts great emphasis on the organization of the procurement process.

scholarly journals STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR IN RETAIL MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Manish Dubey ◽  
Siddharth Saini ◽  
Srishti Umekar
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Audience Participation ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Sales Promotions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Consumer Buying Behavior

The aim of this study are determining the impact of the most used tools of sales promotion in retail sector such as coupons, sample, price discount and buy one get one free on consumer buying behavior from two aspects are brand switching and customer loyalty. Consumer promotions should stimulate purchases, sustain brand-name recognition, and gain audience participation. Themes are underlying messages. Media should be selected. In this way include direct mail, newspapers, magazines, television, the personal sales force, and group meetings. The duration of a sales promotion is set. The feasibility of shared sales promotions is weighed.

scholarly journals Study of Various Sales Promotion Tools Implemented by “Big Bazaar” and Its Impact on Consumer Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Dr. Samir Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mobile Telecom ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Consumer Satisfaction is the measure of the degree that companies tend to match and surpass with relation to their expectations. Retail Industry is a consumer centric Industry with a direct connect with the consumers round the year in various segments like food, apparel, pharmacy, mobile telecom, jewellery and many more verticals. Big Bazaar was the first to turn the picture of Hypermarket India, which introduced and serviced all these segments under one roof. Innovations and Initiatives have been their differentiators. The paper attempts to assess and reveal the sales promotion tools and techniques of Big Bazaar. The study is based on descriptive research design with a structured questionnaire furnishing information regarding behavioural characteristic and demographic variables. A Primary research was conducted with 400 consumers visiting Big Bazaar, through specifically designed personal interview process and analyses the impact of these promotional tools on purchase intentions.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Advertising and Sales Promotion on Buying Decision of Smartphones in Kathmandu Valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Nisha Sharma Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Multimedia Tool ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p>Advertising has the most prominent and vital impact on buying behavior of consumers. Smart phones have gained a lot of popularity in Nepal and are considered to be a great multimedia tool. With such growing demand of smartphones, the need for effective advertising has also been raised. This paper centers on the impact of advertising on the sales volume of Smartphones. This work will shed light on how advertising can really affect a consumer’s buying decisions in a growing economy and how successful advertising can keep businesses going even in the midst of a tough competition. The entire data is collected by distributing structured questionnaire to the 150 respondents within Kathmandu valley. The outcome generated from descriptive statistic is that, most of the respondents own Samsung phone followed by iPhone and Online media is considered as the most effective adverting tool among other two. From the findings, we can also examine that there is insignificant relationship between gender and trust of information towards advertisement. Similarly, online, offline and electronic media have a insignificant association between gender, whereas influence through the advertisement of a brand has a significant association among age. Further the correlation analysis shows that there is a significant association among online, offline and electronic media.  </p><p>Journal of Business and Social Sciences Research, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 169-184</p>

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