scholarly journals Designing Digital Technology for Service Work: Systematic and Participatory Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1453-1462
Author(s):  
Kentaro Watanabe ◽  
Ken Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Service Work ◽  
Service Workers

AbstractDigital technology is dramatically changing our life, industry, and society. Recent evolution of digital technology is expected to significantly impact service work, such as healthcare and social welfare. Meanwhile, an insufficient understanding of service work and workers' needs leads to the failure of technology development and integration. To make digital technology better fit to values and work practices of service workers, various studies have been conducted, especially in the field of participatory design, interaction design, and service design. However, the contribution of engineering design to this topic is still limited. This paper proposes an engineering design approach to design digital technology for better integration in service work. This study combines a modelling method to represent specifications of digital technology and the participatory approach in alignment with the changing service work and workers' values. A case study of the mobile application system for elderly-care professionals is introduced to exemplify the effectiveness of the proposed method. This study intends to foster innovation of service work through digitalization.

scholarly journals Smart and Sustainable eMaintenance: Capabilities for Digitalization of Maintenance

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Johansson ◽  
Eva Roth ◽  
Wiebke Reim
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Work Routines ◽  
Development Change ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Railway Maintenance ◽  
Time Diagnosis

In the era of Industry 4.0, researchers have begun to more thoroughly examine digital maintenance, i.e., eMaintenance, as digitization is increasingly affecting today’s society. This area is particularly interesting in the case of long-life components such as those used in the mining and transport industries. With eMaintenance, the correct type of maintenance can be utilized and the frequency for device maintenance can be reduced through real-time diagnosis. This leads to reduced costs for companies that implement eMaintenance as well as environmental benefits through improved resource utilization. Advantages of eMaintenance have been described in the literature; however, the capabilities necessary to implement eMaintenance lack proper research. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework that presents the required capabilities and their connection when an organization wants to implement eMaintenance, as well as to identify the outcomes of the transition to eMaintenance. The study is based on an exploratory case study that includes 26 interviews with a digital railway maintenance development company and its main customer, the traffic agency. The study findings are presented in a framework, including five main capabilities for implementing eMaintenance and its relationship within the noted industries. The required capabilities are, namely, digital technology development, organizational development, change of work routines, compliance with regulations, and assuring information security. The framework also analyzes the outcomes of implementing digital maintenance, which demonstrate a variety of economic, environmental, and social benefits.

scholarly journals The aesthetic turn: exploring the religious dimensions of digital technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Henrik Åhman
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Religious Dimensions ◽  
Definition Of Religion ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The arena for developing digital technology has undergone an aesthetic turn, broadening the focus from a functionalist approach producing centralized systems in the 1970s and 1980s to an increased awareness of the aesthetic aspects of the individual user’s interaction with technology in the 1990s and 2000s. Within the academic research fields studying digital technology (e.g. Human-Computer Interaction and Interaction Design) the aesthetic turn has resulted in a shift from a strong emphasis on user behaviour to an increased interest in aesthetic perspectives on the role of the designer, the design process, and the design material. Within these fields, aesthetics has often been interpreted as belonging to the realm of the individual; personal experiences such as pleasure, engagement, and emotions have been emphasized in both technology development and technology research. Aesthetics is not, however, only an individual phenomenon but also has relational and structural components that need to be acknowledged. Structural aspects of aesthetics condition the possibilities for individuals interacting with digital technology. Thus, the tension between individual and relational aspects of aesthetics in digital technology also reflects a tension between freedom and limitation; between change and permanence; between destabilizing and stabilizing forces.Such a broadened understanding of aesthetics offers a model of digital technology that roughly corresponds to Mark C. Taylor’s definition of religion. Taylor argues that religion is constituted by, on the one hand, a figuring moment characterized by structural stability and universality, and, on the other hand, a disfiguring moment characterized by disruption, particularity, and change. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the aesthetic turn and Taylor’s definition of religion to illustrate similarities between the two, suggesting possible religious dimensions of digital technology and how that can inform our understanding of people’s interaction with digital technology. 

scholarly journals The Modality Card Deck: Co-Creating Multi-Modal Behavioral Expressions for Social Robots with Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Kathrin Pollmann
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Intelligent Software ◽  
Robot Behavior ◽  
Intelligent Technology

Robots have been proposed as intelligent technology that can support the independent living and health of older adults. While significant advances are being made regarding hardware and intelligent software to support autonomous actions of robots, less emphasis has been put on designing robot behavior that is comprehensible and pleasant for older adults. However, good usability and user experience are crucial factors for acceptance and long-term use. One way to actively engage older adults in behavioral design for social robots is participatory design. The Modality Card Deck is proposed, a tool that helps to engage older adults in human-robot interaction design process and participate in design decision for robot behavior. The cards guide the users towards creating ideas for design solutions which are detailed enough to be implemented by interaction designers and software developers. This paper provides a detailed description of the Modality Card Deck and presents an evaluation of the tool in the scope of a case study. In the case study, the card deck was used in participatory design workshops with older adults to develop multi-modal robot behaviors for the Pepper robot and a quiz game application. After describing the procedure of the case study, the workshop results and learnings about working with the Modality Card Deck and older adults are presented.

Towards Training Librarian 2.0 through A Community-based Participatory Group Project: A Case Study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Trina Joyce Sajo
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Group Project ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Etude De Cas ◽  
Étude De Cas ◽  
User Centered

Librarian 2.0 adopts user-centered approach. This paper reports the case study of a community-based participatory approach for training librarian 2.0. The findings suggest that this approach allows the students to practice user-centered interactions, identify and integrate the user’s needs into design decisions, and develop ways of collecting the user’s feedbacks.Les bibliothécaires 2.0 adoptent une approche centrée sur l’utilisateur. Cet article présente une étude de cas sur une approche participative et communautaire visant à former les bibliothécaires 2.0. Les résultats suggèrent que cette approche permet aux étudiants d’interagir avec les usagers, d’identifier les besoins, de les intégrer dans leur processus décisionnel et de développer des moyens de recueillir les commentaires des usagers. 

A Proof for the Possibility of Ce-Oxide from CMP Residuals in Si-Wafers by Analytical TEM

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Zhao ◽  
Liem Do Thanh ◽  
Michael Gribelyuk ◽  
Mary-Ann Zaitz ◽  
Wing Lai
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Chemical Mechanical Planarization ◽  
Particle Cluster ◽  
Limited Region ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Analytical Tem ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Oxide Particles

Abstract Inclusion of cerium (Ce) oxide particles as an abrasive into chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) slurries has become popular for wafer fabs below the 45nm technology node due to better polishing quality and improved CMP selectivity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has difficulties finding and identifying Ce-oxide residuals due to the limited region of analysis unless dedicated efforts to search for them are employed. This article presents a case study that proved the concept in which physical evidence of Ce-rich particles was directly identified by analytical TEM during a CMP tool qualification in the early stage of 20nm node technology development. This justifies the need to setup in-fab monitoring for trace amounts of CMP residuals in Si-based wafer foundries. The fact that Cr resided right above the Ce-O particle cluster, further proved that the Ce-O particles were from the wafer and not introduced during the sample preparation.

Challenges and Benefits of Product-Like SRAM in Technology Development

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Beaudoin ◽  
Stephen Lucarini ◽  
Fred Towler ◽  
Stephen Wu ◽  
Zhigang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Random Access Memory ◽  
Static Random Access Memory ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Access Memory ◽  
Integration Schemes ◽  
Front End

Abstract For SRAMs with high logic complexity, hard defects, design debug, and soft defects have to be tackled all at once early on in the technology development while innovative integration schemes in front-end of the line are being validated. This paper presents a case study of a high-complexity static random access memory (SRAM) used during a 32nm technology development phase. The case study addresses several novel and unrelated fail mechanisms on a product-like SRAM. Corrective actions were put in place for several process levels in the back-end of the line, the middle of the line, and the front-end of the line. These process changes were successfully verified by demonstrating a significant reduction of the Vmax and Vmin nest array block fallout, thus allowing the broader development team to continue improving random defectivity.

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