scholarly journals MODULARITY, ROBUSTNESS, AND CHANGE PROPAGATION: A MULTIFACETED RELATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2335-2344
Author(s):  
S. A. Piccolo ◽  
S. Lehmann ◽  
A. M. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
System Robustness ◽  
Topological Robustness ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIncreased system robustness is one of the promises of modularity. However, research on the topic has provided conflicting findings. By generating more than 2000 system architectures, this paper shows that the relation between modularity and robustness is multifaceted: Modularity decreases topological robustness, increases robustness to change propagation, and provides economic benefits. Results here confirm the importance of modularity, enable reconciliation of opposing findings from prior research, and guides researchers and practitioners in the selection of appropriate robustness measures.

scholarly journals ERP Systems Application for Efficient Business Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Shitova
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Erp Systems ◽  
Erp System ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
Selection Of

Contemporary ERP systems have various applications. Today, they are successfully used both in material value adding areas and in services rendering / work performance areas. Taking into account the business’ specific features is crucial for selection of software that will automate the activities of each organizational structural unit and the enterprise as a whole. The task of selecting and implementing contemporary ERP systems for business management requires conducting detailed analysis to identify the advantages and drawbacks of their application, as well as determine economic benefits from application of this information and analytical system. In this research, we relied on methods of economic and comparative analysis and used a systemic approach. The main purpose of research is finding arguments proving the practical value of purchasing an ERP system. The paper presents this research containing information on economic benefits that an enterprise could gain after ERP system implementation. According to the author, using a contemporary information and analytical system makes it possible to solve one of the most important tasks – improve business reliability and controllability through application of contemporary information technologies, which is particularly relevant as enterprise management procedures are growing ever more complicated.

A Multiple-Domain Matrix Support to Capture Rationale for Engineering Design Changes

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Siddharth ◽  
Prabir Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Design Change ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Multiple Domain ◽  
Selection Of

Design changes are necessary to sustain the product against competition. Due to technical, social, and financial constraints, an organization can only implement a few of many change alternatives. Hence, a wise selection of a change alternative is fundamentally influential for the growth of the organization. Organizations lack knowledge bases to effectively capture rationale for a design change; i.e., identifying the potential effects a design change. In this paper, (1) we propose a knowledge base called multiple-domain matrix that comprises the relationships among different parameters that are building blocks of a product and its manufacturing system. (2) Using the indirect change propagation method, we capture these relationships to identify the potential effects of a design change. (3) We propose a cost-based metric called change propagation impact (CPI) to quantify the effects that are captured from the multiple-domain matrix. These individual pieces of work are integrated into a web-based tool called Vatram. The tool is deployed in a design environment to evaluate its usefulness and usability.

scholarly journals Perspectives on the Capabilities for the Selection of Strategic Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8191
Author(s):  
Khalifa Mohammed Al-Sobai ◽  
Shaligram Pokharel ◽  
Galal M. Abdella
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Project Selection ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Strategic Project ◽  
Managerial Capabilities ◽  
Selection Of

Strategic projects are large scale, complex, and require significant investments and resources. These projects aim at gaining long-term social and economic benefits. Therefore, organizations focusing on strategic projects should use a consistent approach that suits their strategy, capability, and long-term expectations. Based on the four research questions and content analysis of the literature, generic processes used for the strategic project selection in tandem with the managerial capabilities are identified in this paper. The generic processes and managerial capabilities are used to develop a generic framework for strategic project selection. The framework is used for literature analysis in the paper. The review shows that both qualitative and quantitative methods are used for strategic project selection. Some possible research directions have also been proposed at the end of the review. The paper provides value to both researchers and practitioners in terms of tools available and a guidance on project selection through a structured process framework.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZING THE SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY FOR TRAFFIC WORKS UTILIZING MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (26) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Minh Tan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Construction Equipment ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Construction Company ◽  
Mathematical Programming Approach ◽  
The Given ◽  
Selection Of

The article used the methods planning mathematics to give alternatives machines, construction equipment. This problem, based on the specific constraints such as mass excavation, leveling, compaction, transport ... to meet the full workload as planned. Additionally, this task must also satisfy the given objective function is minimal cost machine shift and ensure the execution time is shortest. This approach aims to bring about economic benefits for the construction company and is used for reference when selecting machines, construction equipment  works with the same workload. On the other hand, problem also propose solutions equippedmachinery and equipment for the construction company.

scholarly journals Agronomic potential of BC1F2 dwarf round tomato populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Resende Finzi ◽  
Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel ◽  
Hugo Gabriel Peres ◽  
Marina Freitas e Silva ◽  
Joicy Vitória Miranda Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Agronomic Potential ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The use of dwarf lines to obtain mini-tomato hybrids has provided agronomic and economic benefits. In Brazil, round tomatoes predominate over other varieties. The benefits of using a dwarf parent in round tomato hybrids has yet to be explored, making it important to develop dwarf round tomato lines. Backcrossing is the most suitable method to develop these lines. Evaluation and selection of the dwarf populations can improve the development of such lines. Thus, the aim of this study was to select BC1F2 populations of dwarf round tomatoes with agronomic potential and high-quality fruit. The study was conducted at the Vegetable Experimental Station of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). A randomized block design was used, with 15 treatments and three replicates. The genetic material analyzed consisted of 12 BC1F2 dwarf tomato populations, plus both parents (recurrent and donor) and a commercial hybrid. The characteristics assessed were: average fruit weight (g), total soluble solids (ºBrix), number of locules (locules per fruit-1), fruit shape, pulp thickness (cm), longitudinal (cm) and transverse fruit diameter (cm), internode length (cm) and plant height (cm). The data were submitted to mean testing, multivariate analyses and a selection index. In general, average fruit weight in the dwarf populations increased significantly after the first backcross, with some fruits exhibiting a similar shape to round tomatoes. Selection of the populations UFU-DTOM7, UFU-DTOM10, UFU-DTOM5, UFU-DTOM9, and UFU-DTOM3 resulted in an estimated 6% increase in the number of locules, transverse diameter, TD/LD ratio and average fruit weight. The BC1F2 dwarf populations UFU-DTOM7 and UFU-DTOM10 were the most promising for develop inbred lines with round fruits. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this study, we suggest a second backcross, in order to obtain lines and, posteriorly, hybrids with round fruits and compact plants.

scholarly journals The Influence of Machinery and Equipment Degradation on Their Depreciation

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-50
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Smolyak
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Numerous Data ◽  
Selection Of

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS involves the choice of such methods of depreciation for assets that are supposed to reflect most accurately the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits from the use of assets. However, in relation to machinery and equipment items this requirement is difficult to implement, since it is not clear how to understand and measure the economic benefits associated with such assets and the pattern of their consumption. In our opinion, the consumption of future economic benefits from the use of an asset is reflected in its fair value, and the depreciation of an asset over a period of time expresses a decrease in the fair value of the asset in that period. Having regard to this position, it is necessary to be be choosing such a depreciation method which affords the best correspondence between the carrying amount of assets and their fair values. We show that the often used linear depreciation method does not satisfy this requirement even for an asset that generates equal annual benefits from year to year. The article is devoted to the selection of the most suitable method of depreciation for machinery and equipment items. In our opinion, it is necessary to take into account the dynamics of their degradation processes (deterioration of operational characteristics). In this regard, we provide numerous data on a decrease in productivity and an increase in operating costs with age for various machinery and equipment categories. The analysis of such data allows us to offer a simple linear model of machine impair­ment/de­gradation, as well as a depreciation method based on it. This method turns out to resemble the sum of the years’ digits method and can be considered as a generalization of such a method. Its applicability to measuring the depreciation of real machinery and equipment items is confirmed by the results of economic and mathematical modeling and experimental estimates.

scholarly journals A model of the optimal selection of crypto assets

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 191863
Author(s):  
Silvia Bartolucci ◽  
Andrei Kirilenko
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Optimal Selection ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Selection Of

We propose a modelling framework for the optimal selection of crypto assets. We assume that crypto assets can be described according to two features: security (technological) and stability (governance). We simulate optimal selection decisions of investors, being driven by (i) their attitudes towards assets’ features, (ii) information about the adoption trends, and (iii) expected future economic benefits of adoption. Under a variety of modelling scenarios—e.g. in terms of composition of the crypto assets landscape and investors’ preferences—we are able to predict the features of the assets that will be most likely adopted, which can be mapped to macro-classes of existing crypto assets (stablecoins, crypto tokens, central bank digital currencies and cryptocurrencies).

Optimized Selection of Reliable and Cost-Effective Safety-Critical System Architectures

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2109-2123
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Nuzzo ◽  
Nikunj Bajaj ◽  
Michael Masin ◽  
Dmitrii Kirov ◽  
Roberto Passerone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Critical System ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Safety Critical System ◽  
Selection Of

The Dragon and the Horn: Reflections on China–Africa Strategic Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Aleksi Ylönen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Equality ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Strategic Resources ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Economic Engagement ◽  
Selection Of

Historically, China maintained relations with faraway lands. These links included the intercontinental Silk Road and maritime trade routes, which connected China with other continents, including the eastern shores of Africa. However, apart from the exchange of goods, these routes also had a globalising effect through the spread of cultural influences, technology, ideologies and philosophical thought. Following its new push into Africa in the 1990s, China sought to rebuild these connections and has gone further to exert its influence through the Belt and Road Initiative. This article analyses China’s renewed interest in Africa, which increasingly ties the continent to the Indian Ocean economic area. It also reflects on some of the economic effects of Chinese involvement on the continent. The article shows that China initially sought to ensure access to strategic resources but has later moved to safeguard its growing involvement by establishing a physical and increasingly permanent presence in the territories of its key partners. While maintaining a selection of these partners at the core of its Africa policy, the Chinese economic engagement will continue to bring further economic benefits for the collaborating elites and their states. However, ensuring sustained growth and economic equality requires China’s key partners to engage in sound economic planning, policies and management.

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