scholarly journals 2496

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 81-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryl Sufian ◽  
Derrick Tabor ◽  
Phuong-Tu Le
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Health Disparity ◽  
Minority Health ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clinical And Translational Research

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: (1) To explain and discuss minority health and health disparities and the mechanisms, for example, individual behaviors and lifestyle, genetics and epigenetics, physical and cultural environment, and clinical events and health care, that lead to health disparities. (2) To explore the intersection between health disparity science and clinical and translational science. (3) To present and discuss the NIMHD Framework and how it can be used to guide multilevel research to address minority health and health disparities. (4) To highlight examples of NIMHD-funded novel and innovative research relevant to clinical and translational research from a health disparities perspective. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The NIMHD Research Framework will be introduced that is currently being used by NIMHD to address minority health and health disparity research. The Framework looks at targeted populations in relation to biological, behavioral, physical, and sociocultural environmental domains of influence as well as the health care system. These domains have different levels of influence: individual, family/interpersonal, community, and population. Targeted populations include NIH-designated health disparity populations, that include racial/ethnic minorities, socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, underserved rural populations, and sexual and gender minorities. The following research opportunities are among the many opportunities offered by NIMHD: Disparities in Surgical Care and Outcomes Social Epigenomics for Minority Health and Health Disparities Addressing Health Disparities Among Immigrant Populations. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Select examples of NIMHD supported minority health and health disparities research that intersects with clinical and translational research will be presented. Candidate examples include: Genetic Architecture of Lupus (SLE) in individuals with Asian ancestry; A Novel Racial Disparity Marker for Risk Prediction in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patients; Self-Applied Wearable Ultrasound Therapy for Osteoarthritis Management in Rural Central NY; Design and Development of a Multifunctional Self-service Health Screening Kiosk. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Despite notable improvements gained as a result of medical and scientific advances, there continues to be an alarming disproportionate burden of illness and lack of representation in research among minority and other socially disadvantaged and underserved populations. To meet this challenge, NIMHD is committed to supporting a wide range of clinical and translational research aimed at the development of innovative strategies and approaches to reduce and, eventually, eliminate health disparities. NIMHD’s mission, research priorities, and funding opportunities are relevant to the efforts and interests of clinical and translational scientists, especially those interested in the translation of research findings into interventions, products, and tools that may improve minority health and quality of life, increase adherence to medication and treatment regimens, increase access, and improve the delivery of health services.

scholarly journals An Overview of Cancer Health Disparities: New Approaches and Insights and Why They Matter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsion Zewdu Minas ◽  
Maeve Kiely ◽  
Anuoluwapo Ajao ◽  
Stefan Ambs
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cancer Health Disparities

Abstract Cancer health disparities remain stubbornly entrenched in the US health care system. The Affordable Care Act was legislation to target these disparities in health outcomes. Expanded access to health care, reduction in tobacco use, uptake of other preventive measures and cancer screening, and improved cancer therapies greatly reduced cancer mortality among women and men and underserved communities in this country. Yet, disparities in cancer outcomes remain. Underserved populations continue to experience an excessive cancer burden. This burden is largely explained by health care disparities, lifestyle factors, cultural barriers, and disparate exposures to carcinogens and pathogens, as exemplified by the COVID-19 epidemic. However, research also shows that comorbidities, social stress, ancestral and immunobiological factors, and the microbiome, may contribute to health disparities in cancer risk and survival. Recent studies revealed that comorbid conditions can induce an adverse tumor biology, leading to a more aggressive disease and decreased patient survival. In this review, we will discuss unanswered questions and new opportunities in cancer health disparity research related to comorbid chronic diseases, stress signaling, the immune response, and the microbiome, and what contribution these factors may have as causes of cancer health disparities.

scholarly journals 3369 Assessment to Action: Engaging network member’s in identifying needs and directions of network improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 130-130
Author(s):  
Paul Estabrooks ◽  
LaKaija Johnson ◽  
Jolene Rohde ◽  
Carol Geary ◽  
Lani Zimmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Database Design ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Recommendations For Action ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clinical And Translational Research

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To complete a needs assessment and action planning process that engaged clinical and translational research network members in identifying needs through survey feedback, characterizing the needs in small group sessions, and developing recommendations for action at the network’s annual scientific meeting. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The project included (1) a survey of 357 members across partner institutions from the Great Plains IDeA CTR Network, (2) 6 - 90 minute brainstorming sessions to characterize needs identified through survey assessment, and (3) 6 - 60 minute sessions to develop recommendations for network improvement based on the characterization activity. Approximately 75 members participated in the characterization and recommendation sessions. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Seven areas of need from the survey were identified based upon the frequency of identification by network members (support to move research across the translational spectrum, database design and management, data access and sharing, data analysis, recruitment and retention of subjects, support for members who have submitted grants but were repeatedly unsuccessful, mentoring). Members indicated which characterization sessions they were interested in attending and based on the enrollment numbers needs related to unsuccessful grant submitters and mentoring were combined as were needs related to database design and data access-sharing. Sessions resulted in 8 inter-related recommendations for network action that included to (1) develop GP-CTR directory/registry of clinicians, researchers, system partners, that can be used to identify people that want to be involved in research partnerships or mentoring, (2) create a GP CTR Navigators Program to will provide support to network members throughout the collaborative research and grant preparation process, (3) identify and disseminate information about assets (funding, databases/registries) that exist amongst network partners that can be leveraged by member, (4) develop a searchable repository of evidence-based interventions for T3/T4 efforts, (5) review GP CTR supported professional development, and technological resource offerings and identify potential gaps, (6) facilitate opportunities for peer support/networking, (7) provide guidance to GP CTR network institutions looking to adopt policies that will support translational research collaboration, and (8) identify potential barriers to GP CTR network engagement (i.e., infrastructure, communication, marketing). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This process allowed for a wide range of network members to contribute to actionable recommendations for CTR leadership to move into action and improve the scientific network’s ability to conduct clinical and translational research.

scholarly journals The Health Disparities of Same-sex Cohabitors at the Intersection of Race-ethnicity and Gender

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Corinne Reczek ◽  
Samuel C. H. Mindes ◽  
Shannon Shen
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Health ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Sexual Minority Health

We work from a minority stress perspective to theorize health disparities across union status at the intersection of sexual minority status, race-ethnicity, and gender. We use pooled data from the Integrated National Health Interview Surveys (1997–2014) to assess a wide range of health outcomes, including self-rated physical health, psychological distress, and health behaviors. Results suggest that same-sex cohabitors face substantial health disadvantages relative to different-sex married individuals, with little variation by race-ethnicity and gender. Fewer health differences are found for same-sex cohabitors in comparison with both different-sex cohabitors and unpartnered singles, although greater variation by gender and race-ethnicity is found across these comparisons. This study highlights the importance of integrating intersectionality and minority stress theories to guide future research examining sexual minority health disparities. Results suggest that the sexual minority health disadvantage, as well as the potential health boost of same-sex marriage, may depend on the intersection of race-ethnicity and gender.

scholarly journals 2174 Building the next generation of translational researchers in health disparities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 52-52
Author(s):  
Carlamarie Noboa ◽  
Zulmarie de Pedro-Serbía ◽  
Lourdes E. Soto de Laurido ◽  
Aracelis H. Chardon
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
Clinical And Translational Research

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Translational research involves researchers’ teams working together to address health issues. However, successful translational researchers in health disparities require a set of competencies and skills. In order to increase the number of new minority investigators in translational research focused on health disparities, the Hispanics-in-Research Capability: SoHP & SoM Partnership and the Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium designed and implemented a webinar series “Fostering the Next Generation of Researchers in Health Disparities.” METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: From March 31 to July 14, 2017, this webinar series offered the theoretical perspectives of health disparities, research methodology specific to its study, and intervention strategies to address health disparities in communities through minority investigators. National and local interdisciplinary experts were the presenters. Participants’ experience and impact were assessed through a self-administrated questionnaire. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A total of 78 minority investigators participated in this webinar. Overall, participants indicated that the webinar improved their knowledge and skills about health disparities research. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Results guide the programs actions plans to enhance and support the translational researchers’ capacity. Diverse capacity building initiatives including peer-to-peer education, online course, tailored coaching, and other interventions have been designed to address researchers’ needs. This webinar was a pathway to build the next generation of translational researchers in health disparities.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Underserved Community Curriculum for Family Medicine Residents

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Jacobs ◽  
Adam Seehaver ◽  
Sarah Skiold-Hanlin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Underserved Community ◽  
Family Medicine Residents

Background and Objectives: Postgraduate education in cultural competence and community health is a key strategy for eliminating health disparities in underserved populations. Evidence suggests that an experiential, rather than knowledge-based approach equips physicians with practical and effective communication tools that generalize to a greater diversity of patients and cultures. However, there is limited data about the efficacy of a longitudinal, experiential residency curriculum. This study details the results of a longitudinal underserved community curriculum for family medicine residents training in a federally qualified health center. Methods: All residents in the first 5 years of a new residency participated in a longitudinal curriculum of workshops and seminars focused on social determinants of health and cultural competency for underserved patients. Pre- and postcurriculum surveys assessed knowledge gain. Self-reported Likert scale ratings assessed attitudes and confidence related to underserved care. Results: Pre/post learning evaluations after each seminar documented average knowledge increase of 31.0% and 28.8%, respectively. At the end of the 3-year curriculum, 81.8% of residents reported confidence in their ability to incorporate culturally relevant information into a treatment plan and 57.1% of residents reported feeling very aware of obstacles faced by underserved populations seeking health care and of the relationship between sociocultural background, health, and medicine. Conclusions: A longitudinal, experiential curriculum in underserved community health and cultural competence can improve resident knowledge and attitudes with respect to health disparities and delivering health care to diverse patient populations.

scholarly journals A comprehensive approach to community recruitment for clinical and translational research

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Sussman ◽  
Carla Cordova ◽  
Mark R. Burge
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Research Participant ◽  
Medically Underserved ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Participant Recruitment ◽  
University Of New Mexico ◽  
The University ◽  
Clinical And Translational Research

Recruitment and engagement for clinical and translational research is challenging, especially among medically underserved and ethnic or racial minority populations. We present a comprehensive model developed through the Clinical and Translational Science Center at the University of New Mexico (UNM) Health Sciences Center that addresses 3 critical aspects of participant recruitment. The components of the model are: (1) Recruitment from within UNM to UNM-centered studies, (2) recruitment from within UNM to community-based studies, and (3) recruitment from outside UNM to UNM-centered studies. This model has increased research participant recruitment, especially among medically underserved populations, and offers generalizable translational solutions to common clinical and translational research challenges, especially in settings with similar demographic and geographic characteristics.

An Interinstitutional Academic Collaborative Partnership to End Health Disparities

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara N. Logan ◽  
Leroy Davis ◽  
Veronica G. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Improve Health

Much has been published in the health care literature describing partnerships between academic institutions and community or health care agencies that are designed to improve health outcomes in medically underserved populations. However, little has been published regarding partnerships between minority- and majority-serving academic institutions with this same aim. Key principles of collaborative partnerships are used in a descriptive analysis of the development, functions, and benefits of such an interinstitutional academic partnership that was formed to reduce and ultimately eliminate health disparities in rural South Carolina. Lessons learned from the partnership parallel other human relationships where mutual respect and trust, open and clear communication, and shared decision and problem solving are important for building and sustaining partnerships.

Public Health Preparedness and the Law in Communities of Color

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (S4) ◽  
pp. 45-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernellia R. Randall ◽  
Glen Safford ◽  
Walter W. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Health Disparity ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
Public Health Systems ◽  
Communities Of Color ◽  
Basic Goods

Public health preparedness must use a comprehensive approach that includes both communities and public health systems. There are three basic questions that should be asked when evaluating public health preparedness in communities of color: 1) Is the community basically healthy?; 2) Does the community have access, to necessary information, resources and services?; and 3) Are the information, resources and services available and provided to the community in a nondiscriminatory manner?Racial-based health disparities is a well documented fact for many communities of color. Individuals from these communities tend to have more morbidity and higher mortality. This health disparity is race based and not just a function of social class. Similarly, access to basic goods and health care is racialized and class based.

scholarly journals Third-Year Medical Students’ Self-perceived Knowledge About Health Disparities and Community Medicine

PRiMER ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashida S. Smith ◽  
Alexis Silverio ◽  
Allison R. Casola ◽  
Erin L. Kelly ◽  
Maria Syl de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Community Medicine ◽  
Perceived Knowledge ◽  
Medicine Clerkship ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes

Introduction: Medical providers’ attitudes about caring for vulnerable populations have significant implications for persistent health disparities. Therefore, assessing medical students’ self-perceived knowledge about community-based medicine and care for underserved populations can provide insights for improving health care delivery to achieve health equity. We evaluated third-year medical students’ perceptions of their knowledge and attitudes about community medicine, and addressing health care needs of vulnerable populations. Methods: From October 2, 2017 to July 12, 2019, third-year medical students at a private, urban medical school were asked to complete an assessment survey during their family medicine clerkship orientation. The anonymous survey assessed students’ self-perceived knowledge and attitudes regarding community medicine and care of vulnerable populations. We examined differences in survey responses by student demographics. Results: A total of 401 students participated in the survey; 50.5% of respondents agreed that they had knowledge to assess health literacy of the patient, while only 22.2% of students agreed that they had knowledge about how to identify a community and conduct a community health needs assessment. Additionally, students agreed with being most comfortable providing care to adolescents (73.0%) and the elderly (69.5%), and that they were least comfortable caring for incarcerated individuals (31.7%) and immigrants/refugees (44.1%). Conclusion: Assessment of learners’ self-perceived knowledge can help highlight areas for educational interventions. Our findings suggest the need for improving medical student knowledge in areas of community health and health care for specific vulnerable populations.

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