scholarly journals Enteral nutrition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): Canadian practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S33-S34
Author(s):  
T Benstead ◽  
C Jackson-Tarlton ◽  
D Leddin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Background: Dysphagia from ALS may be treated by enteral nutrition; however criteria for timing of feeding tube placement has not been well studied. The aim of this project was to better understand the practice of enteral nutrition management within Canadian ALS clinics. Methods: ALS clinics were asked if they had written guidelines for timing of PEG insertion and if not, what criteria they use to make this decision. Results: Responses from 10 of 17 clinics were received. One clinic had written guidelines. Most used decline in respiratory function, dysphagia, weight loss or some combination of all three. Six clinics reported dropping FVC, ranging from 70% to 50% as prompting tube insertion. Five clinics reported weight loss as part of their criteria. Dysphagia was reported as the most important factor by 7 clinics. Psychological readiness for tube placement was a key factor in 3 clinics. Some clinics comment they place tubes in advance of dysphagia. Conclusion: Criteria for tube insertion varies between clinics. Practices generally reflect published recommendations, but vary on the emphasis of specific criteria. The lack of strong scientific evidence to guide decisions may contribute to management variability. Further study is needed to guide practice.

scholarly journals Erythromycin for Promoting the Postpyloric Placement of Feeding Tubes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Qing-Jun Jiang ◽  
Cai-Feng Jiang ◽  
Qi-Tong Chen ◽  
Jian Shi ◽  
Bin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Feeding Tubes ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement

Background. Critically ill patients can benefit from enteral nutrition with postpyloric feeding tubes, but the low success rate limits its wide use. Erythromycin could elevate the success rate of tube insertion, but its clinical efficiency still remains controversial. Methods. Included studies must be RCTs which assessed the success rate of postpyloric feeding tube insertion using erythromycin. Results. 284 patients were enrolled in six studies. Meta-analysis showed that erythromycin significantly increases the rate of successful postpyloric feeding tube placement (RR 1.45, 95% CI (1.12, 1.86)) and did not increase the risk of adverse effects (RR 2.15, 95% CI (0.20, 22.82)). Subgroup analysis showed that unweighted feeding tubes (RR 1.47, 95% CI (1.03, 2.11)) could significantly increase the success rate. Country of study, intravenous route of erythromycin, and year of participant enrollment did not influence these results. Conclusions. Erythromycin significantly increases the success rate of postpyloric feeding tube placement. This suggests that erythromycin can be used as an auxiliary method to improve the success rate of bedside insertion.

Cortrak-Assisted Feeding Tube Insertion: A Comprehensive Review of Adverse Events in the MAUDE Database

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette M. Bourgault ◽  
Lillian Aguirre ◽  
Joseph Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Electromagnetic Devices ◽  
User Expertise ◽  
User Facility ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement

Background Electromagnetic devices to guide feeding tube placement such as the CORTRAK Enteral Access System have shown promising results; however, researchers in recent studies have expressed concern that a higher level of user expertise may be required for safe use. Objectives To review adverse events related to CORTRAK-assisted feeding tube insertion reported in the Food and Drug Administration’s Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database. Methods A retrospective, secondary analysis of the MAUDE database was performed to evaluate adverse events (ie, injury or death of patient) related to CORTRAK. Results Fifty-four adverse events between January 1, 2006 and February 29, 2016 were identified and reviewed. Most events (98%) involved feeding tube placement in the lungs (37%, left lung; 46%, right lung; 15%, not specified). Lung complications included pneumothorax (77%) and pneumonitis (21%). Death occurred in 17% of lung placements. Clinicians failed to recognize placement in 89% of CORTRAK insertion tracings reviewed. Conclusions Lung placement is not unique to CORTRAK and is an inherent risk of all feeding tube insertions. In known or suspected lung placement, feeding tubes should be removed and radiography performed to assess for pneumothorax. Clinicians must observe closely for lung placement and discriminate lung from gastric placement on insertion tracings. Clinicians require specialized training and experience to develop competency in using the CORTRAK device, although the exact amount of experience needed is unknown.

28 Timing of Enteral Nutrition Initiation in Severely Burned Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S24-S24
Author(s):  
Nicolle M Curtis ◽  
Beth A Shields ◽  
Alicia M Williams ◽  
Saul J Vega ◽  
Leopoldo C Cancio
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Hemodynamic Stability ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Oral Nutrition ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement

Abstract Introduction Early initiation of enteral nutrition (EN) for severely burned patients (pts) has been found to be associated with decreased catabolism, decreased wound infections, lower sepsis rates, shorter intensive care unit (ICU) days and hospital days, and improved mortality. The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) recommends initiating EN within 4–6 hrs of injury for critically ill adult burn pts; however, they also recommend waiting for hemodynamic stability to be achieved before starting EN in all critically ill pts. The objectives of this performance improvement project (PIP) were to evaluate the timing of EN initiation and reasons for delays in initiating EN in our critically ill burn pts. Methods We performed a retrospective evaluation on pts admitted to our ICU in 2019 with at least 20% TBSA burns. Exclusion criteria were death within 72 hrs of admission, oral nutrition, and admission over 1 calendar day after injury. This PIP was approved by our regulatory compliance division. We clinically defined hemodynamic stability as lactate levels less than 3 mmol/L with vasopressor requirements of less than 10 mcg/min norepinephrine. Demographic data were collected along with timing of EN and reasons for delays in EN initiation. Results EN was initiated 28 ± 17 hrs after admission for the 19 included pts with the following characteristics: 44 ± 16 years old, 38 ± 16% TBSA burn, all required mechanical ventilation on admission. These pts had 16 ± 10 mechanical ventilator days and 42% mortality. The shortest time to EN initiation was 9 hrs after admission. EN was delayed for initial hemodynamic instability for 10 ± 17 hrs after admission. Other delays in EN initiation after initially achieving hemodynamic stability included time to feeding tube placement (1 ± 2 hrs) and x-ray confirmation (4 ± 9 hrs), and time to EN orders (8 ± 10 hrs). EN was initiated 6 ± 6 hrs after the preceding events occurred. Some of the delays in placement of EN orders and for EN initiation after the above criteria were met included procedures (2 ± 2 hrs), becoming hemodynamically unstable again (5 ± 7 hrs), and placement of a small bore, post-pyloric feeding tube when an orogastric or nasogastric feeding tube was already available for use (2 ± 4 hrs). We were not able to retrospectively identify reasons for delays during 5 ± 6 hrs per patient. Conclusions As a result of this PIP, we found EN was not initiated in any of our critically ill burn pts within the timeline recommended by ASPEN/SCCM. The primary reasons for delays included hemodynamic instability, feeding tube placement and confirmation, adding a post-pyloric feeding tube, and procedures.

scholarly journals Intravenous Metoclopramide to Improve the Success Rate of Blind Bedside Post-pyloric Placement of Feeding Tube in Critically Ill Children: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirima Ketsuwan ◽  
Pornthep Tanpowpong ◽  
Nichanan Ruangwattanapaisarn ◽  
Supatra Phaopant ◽  
Nattanicha Suppalarkbunlue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement

Objective: Impaired gastric emptying is a common cause of delayed feeding in critically ill children. Post-pyloric feeding may help improve feeding intolerance and nutritional status and, hence, contribute to a better outcome. However, post-pyloric feeding tube insertion is usually delayed due to a technical difficulty. Therefore, prokinetic agents have been used to facilitate blind bedside post-pyloric feeding tube insertion. Metoclopramide is a potent prokinetic agent that has also been used to improve motility in adults and children admitted to intensive care units. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of intravenous metoclopramide in promoting the success rate of blind bedside post-pyloric feeding tube placement in critically ill children.Design: The design of this study is randomized, double blind, placebo controlled.Setting: The setting of the study is a single-center pediatric intensive care unit.Patients: Children aged 1 month−18 years admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with severe illness or feeding intolerance were enrolled in this study.Intervention: Patients were randomly selected to receive intravenous metoclopramide or 0.9% normal saline solution (the placebo) prior to the tube insertion. The study outcome was the success rate of post-pyloric feeding tube placement confirmed by an abdominal radiography 6–8 h after the insertion.Measurements and Main Results: We found that patients receiving metoclopramide had a higher success rate (37/42, 88%) of post-pyloric feeding tube placement than the placebo (28/40, 70%) (p = 0.04). Patients who received sedative drug or narcotic agent showed a tendency of higher success rate (p = 0.08).Conclusion: Intravenous metoclopramide improves the success rate of blind bedside post-pyloric placement of feeding tube in critically ill children.Trial Registration: Thai Clinical Trial Registry TCTR20190821002. Registered 15th August 2019.

Cortrak feeding tube placement: accuracy of the ‘GI flexure system’ versus manufacturer guidance

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (21) ◽  
pp. 1277-1281
Author(s):  
Stephen Taylor ◽  
Alex Manara ◽  
Jules Brown ◽  
Kaylee Sayer ◽  
Rowan Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Gastric Body ◽  
Major Morbidity ◽  
System Versus ◽  
Placement Accuracy ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement ◽  
Left Quadrant

Electromagnetic (EM) guided enteral tube placement may reduce lung misplacement to almost zero in expert centres, but more than 60 undetected misplacements had occurred by 2016 resulting in major morbidity or death. Aim: Determine the accuracy of manufacturer guidance in trace interpretation against what is referred to as the ‘GI flexure system’. Methods: The authors prospectively observed the accuracy of the ‘GI flexure system’ of trace interpretation against manufacturer guidance in primary nasointestinal (NI) tube placements. Findings: Contrary to manufacturer guidance, 33% of traces deviated >5 cm from the sagittal midline and 26.5% were oesophageal when entering the lower left quadrant, incorrectly indicating lung and gastric placement, respectively. Conversely, the GI flexure system identified ≥99.4% of GI traces when they reached the gastric body flexure; 100% at the superior duodenal flexure. All lung misplacements were identified by the absence of GI flexures. Conclusion: Current manufacturer guidance should be updated to the GI flexure system of interpretation.

scholarly journals Predicting perioperative feeding tube placement in pancreaticoduodenectomy

HPB ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. S149
Author(s):  
R. Kirks ◽  
P. Lorimer ◽  
Y.E. Warren ◽  
A. Cochran ◽  
M. Fruscione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement

Effectiveness of pH Measurements in Predicting Feeding Tube Placement

1989 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 280???285 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORMA METHENY ◽  
PAMELA WILLIAMS ◽  
LAUREL WIERSEMA ◽  
MARY ANNE WEHRLE ◽  
PATRICIA EISENBERG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement
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