scholarly journals Prognostic value of 8F-Florbetapir scan: a 36-month follow up analysis using ADNI data

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S30-S30
Author(s):  
M Lu ◽  
M Pontecorvo ◽  
A Siderowf ◽  
AD Joshi ◽  
MD Devous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Standard Uptake Value ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Function Change ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background: The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) provides an opportunity to investigate the relationship between β-Amyloid neuropathology and patients’ long-term cognitive function change. We examined baseline 18F-florbetapir PET amyloid imaging status and 36-months’ change from baseline in cognitive performance in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Method: The study included all ADNI subjects who underwent PET-imaging with 18F-florbetapir and had a clinical diagnosis of MCI at the visit closest to florbetapir imaging. β-Amyloid deposition was measured by florbetapir standard uptake value ratio (SUVR), and dichotomized as Aβ+(SUVR>1.1) or Aβ–(SUVR≤1.1). Cognitive scores, including ADAS11, MMSE and CDR sum of boxes (CDR-SB), were evaluated for up to 36 months. Results: Of 478 MCI-subjects who had at least one florbetapir scan, 153 had a cognitive evaluation at 36-month follow-up. Of those, 79 were Aβ– and 74 Aβ+. At 36-months, the Aβ+ vs. Aβ– group scores changed from baseline (LS means 4.03 vs. 0.26 for ADAS11; -2.61 vs.-0.40 for MMSE; 1.53 vs. -0.11 for CDR-SB [p< 0.0001 all comparisons]). Generalised estimating equation analysis on clinically significant cognitive change showed a marginal Odds Ratio=2.18 (95% CI: 1.47–3.21) for Aβ+ vs. Aβ– groups. Conclusion: MCI subjects with higher β-Amyloid deposition had greater deterioration in cognitive function over 36 months while subjects with no β-Amyloid accumulation tended to be stable.

scholarly journals Egg Consumption and Multi-Domain Cognitive Function in a Representative Sample of Older U.S. Adults (P14-004-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Bishop ◽  
Krystle Zuniga ◽  
Bailey Noon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Whole Egg

Abstract Objectives Existing research supports a positive relationship between egg intake and cognitive function in older populations, though the impact of whole egg consumption on multi-domain cognitive function and cognitive decline in representative samples of older adults has not been described. We examined the association between egg consumption, cognitive performance, and cognitive change in a representative sample of U.S. adults age 65 and older. Methods We drew observations from the 2012 and 2014 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the recently released 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). The analytic sample contained 3835 respondents, representing a weighted population of 37,806,082 community-dwelling U.S. adults age 65 and older in 2013. Path analytic models were estimated to identify the association between egg consumption groups (none, ≤1 serving per week, 2–6 servings per week, ≥7 servings per week) and cognitive performance across domains of working memory, executive function, and global mental status. First-order autoregressive models were used to assess change in cognition over the two-year observational period. Results Though bivariate analyses suggested that moderate egg consumers had the best cognitive performance at baseline, egg consumption was not associated with cognitive performance or cognitive change when adjusting models for covariates known to have a robust association with cognitive health such as race/ethnicity, education, and physical activity. Follow-up analyses suggested that overall dietary intake was not meaningfully related to egg consumption, though intake of specific nutrients contained in eggs such as cholesterol and choline generally increased with greater egg consumption. Conclusions These results suggest that egg consumption does not benefit, nor is detrimental to, the cognitive health of older adults. Further studies of whole egg consumption and cognitive performance would benefit from controlled experimental settings, extended follow-up periods to measure cognitive change, and assessment of both community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults. Funding Sources This research was supported by funding from the American Egg Board/Egg Nutrition Center.

scholarly journals A One-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study on the Health Profile of Hikikomori Living in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Yuen ◽  
Victor Wong ◽  
Wilson Tam ◽  
Ka-Wing So ◽  
Wai-Tong Chien
Keyword(s):  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Intervention ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background: A prospective study was conducted to follow-up how the living lifestyle of hikikomori could change the social, mental and physical health profile. Methods: A cohort consisted of 104 young people living as Hikikomori were interviewed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months by using the same set of questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Results: Besides the high attrition of 30% in wave 2 and 25% in wave 3, almost half of the participants have recovered from hikikomori by returning to the workforce in society. The three domains of health profile of hikikomori were significantly improved over the follow-up period by: 1) increasing the social network scores from 2.791.80 to 3.091.87, 2) decreasing the perceived stress scores from 21.185.87 to 20.115.79, and 3) reducing blood pressure levels from 118/75 to 115/71 and waist-to-hip ratios. Those variables were also predictable by lifestyle living with the hikikomori according to the Generalized Estimating Equation analysis, whereas the participants of current study had increased the practice of moderate-intensity exercises. Conclusion: Social work intervention was effective in helping the recovery of hikikomori while physical assessments followed by encouragement from social workers to do more exercises might enhance their awareness in health modification towards a better health.

scholarly journals Effect of Practicing Health Behaviors on Unmet Needs among Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7977
Author(s):  
Bich-Na Jang ◽  
Hwi-Jun Kim ◽  
Bo-Ram Kim ◽  
Seon-Yeong Woo ◽  
Woo-Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Correlated Data ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Risk Drinking ◽  
The Impact

With the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, the proportion of unmet needs is increasing. In this study, we investigated the effect of practicing health behaviors on unmet needs among patients with chronic diseases, using data from the Korea Health Panel Survey conducted between 2014–2017. Participants (n = 4069) aged 19 or older, with at least one chronic disease (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or arthrosis) and with existing follow up data were selected. Health behaviors combined three variables: not presently smoking, not belonging to high-risk drinking group, and indulging in moderate- or high-intensity exercise. Those who met all three criteria were classified as the practicing health behaviors group. Generalized Estimating Equation analysis was performed to consider correlated data within a subject. Of the participants, 23.9% practiced health behaviors. Participants who did not practice health behaviors were significantly more likely to have unmet needs compared with those who did (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10–1.39). Further research would be needed to verify the impact of practicing health behavior on unmet needs.

scholarly journals Aβ-Positivity Predicts Cognitive Decline but Cognition Also Predicts Progression to Aβ-Positivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Elman ◽  
Matthew S. Panizzon ◽  
Daniel E. Gustavson ◽  
Carol E. Franz ◽  
Mark E. Sanderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementia ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Future Risk ◽  
Early Predictor

ABSTRACTIntroductionBiomarker positivity predicts cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s dementia. But what predicts biomarker positivity? We hypothesized that cognitive function and p-tau would predict progression from normal to abnormal levels of β-amyloid (Aβ).MethodsBaseline cognition in 292 non-demented, Aβ-negative Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants was measured with two cognitive composites and compared between those that progressed to Aβ-positivity versus Aβ-stable. Follow-up analyses included continuous CSF Aβ and p-tau levels to examine subthreshold effects.ResultsContinuously measured baseline subthreshold Aβ and p-tau predicted progression to Aβ-positivity, but both baseline cognitive measures predicted progression to Aβ-positivity even after controlling for baseline biomarker levels.DiscussionCurrent Aβ thresholds may be ignoring relevant subthreshold pathology. Importantly, cognitive function can be an important early predictor of future risk, even earlier than the key biomarkers as currently measured. Moreover, A-/T+ individuals may still be on the AD pathway because p-tau also predicted progression to positivity.

scholarly journals Amyloid deposition and brain structure as long-term predictors of MCI, dementia, and mortality

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (21) ◽  
pp. e1920-e1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar L. Lopez ◽  
James T. Becker ◽  
YueFang Chang ◽  
William E. Klunk ◽  
Chester Mathis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Β Amyloid

ObjectivesTo test the hypothesis that brain structural integrity (i.e., hippocampal [HIP] volume), white matter lesions (WMLs), and β-amyloid deposition are associated with long-term increased risk of incident dementia and mortality in 183 cognitively normal individuals and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) aged 80 years and older.MethodsAll participants had a brain structural MRI scan and PET scan with 11C-labeled Pittsburgh compound B in 2009 and were reexamined yearly through 2015 (mean follow-up time 5.2 ± 1.3 years).ResultsIn the last evaluation through 2010–2015, 56 (31%) participants were cognitively normal, 67 (37%) had MCI, and 60 (33%) had dementia. Fifty-seven (31%) died during follow-up, and 20 (35%) developed dementia before their death. All 3 biomarkers were independent predictors of incident dementia in all participants. After adjusting for the risk of dying, amyloid deposition and WMLs remained strong predictors. Of the 60 participants with incident dementia, 54 (90%) had at least one imaging abnormality. Participants with no biomarker positivity had a very low risk of dementia (16%), while 75% of the participants with the 3 biomarkers progressed to dementia. HIP volume and β-amyloid deposition were associated with death only in participants with MCI.ConclusionsThis study showed the presence of more than one biomarker was a stronger long-term predictor of incident dementia than any biomarker alone. After adjusting for the risk of dying, amyloid deposition and WMLs were stronger predictors of dementia than HIP volume. The risk of dying during follow-up was associated with both neurodegeneration and amyloid deposition, especially in individuals with MCI.

Trends of Obesity in 10-Years of Follow-up among Tehranian Children and Adolescents: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad HOSSEINPANAH ◽  
Sara SERAHATI ◽  
Maryam BARZIN ◽  
Shayan ARYANNEZHAD ◽  
Maryam REZAIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Phase Iv

Background: We aimed to investigate the trend of childhood obesity in Tehranian population during a median follow-up of 10 years. Methods: Within a prospective cohort study, using data collected from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), 1406 participants, aged 3-11 yr were selected and monitored in 4 phases: phase I (1999-2001), phase II (2002–2005), phase III (2006–2008) and phase IV (2009–2011). Results: Total prevalence of obesity in children increased from 5.5% to 9.4% from phase I to IV. Performing GEE (Generalized Estimating Equation) analysis, relative risk of obesity was calculated, comparing each phase to its previous phase: phase II in reference to phase I (RR=1.06, CI=1.04-1.08), phase III in reference to phase II (RR=1.01, CI=1.00-1.03) and phase IV in reference to phase III (RR=0.96, CI=0.94-0.98). Between group difference was significant in all subgroups (age, gender, parental obesity) except parental education. Test of interaction for effect of time was insignificant in all subgroups except for the age group. For children younger than 7 yr old at phase I, trend of obesity throughout the study was higher compared to those with 7 yr of age and older at phase I. Conclusion: During a decade of follow-up, trend of obesity was rising in this Tehranian children in both genders, especially in younger children. Any preventive interventions for stopping this trend should focus on early stages of childhood.

Effect of sacubitril/valsartan on cognitive function in patients with HFpEF: a prespecified analysis of PARAGON-HF

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Dewan ◽  
P.S Jhund ◽  
I.S Anand ◽  
A.S Desai ◽  
J Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
P Value ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Amyloid Beta Peptides ◽  
Function Change ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Background A theoretical concern has been raised about detrimental effects of sacubitril/valsartan (sac/val) on cognitive function as neprilysin is one of many pathways involved in clearance of amyloid beta peptides from brain tissue. Purpose To examine effect of sac/val, compared with valsartan, on cognitive function in patients with heart failure (HF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods In the PARAGON-HF trial, cognitive function was tested in a subgroup of patients at baseline and follow-up, using Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] having a maximum score of 30 (higher scores reflect better cognitive function). Change in MMSE score from baseline to 96 wks was a prespecified exploratory endpoint. Other post hoc analyses included “cognitive decline” (fall in MMSE ≥3 pts) and assessment of cognition-related adverse events (AEs). Results Among 2895 patients (60% of total) in PARAGON-HF with baseline MMSE measurement, mean (SD) score was 27.4 (3.0) in patients receiving sac/val (1453) and 27.4 (2.9) in patients receiving valsartan (1442). There was no difference between sac/val and valsartan in MMSE score change from baseline to wk 96: sac/val −0.02 (SE 0.07) and valsartan 0.00 (0.07); between-treatment difference −0.02 (95% CI: −0.22 to 0.18); p-value = 0.83. Cognitive decline at 96 weeks occurred in 115 of 1071 evaluable patients (10.7%) in sac/val group and 121 of 1053 patients (11.5%) in valsartan group; risk ratio 0.97 (0.75–1.26), p-value = 0.82. Cognition-related AEs were more frequent, than in PARADIGM-HF (likely as patients in PARAGON-HF were older) but, as in PARADIGM-HF, did not differ between sac/val and comparator treatment (Table). Conclusions Cognitive change, measured by MMSE, did not differ between treatment with sac/val & valsartan in patients with HFpEF. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): PARAGON-HF study was funded by Novartis Pharma.

Biological Signatures of Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 770-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poornima Sharma ◽  
Anjali Sharma ◽  
Faizana Fayaz ◽  
Sharad Wakode ◽  
Faheem H. Pottoo
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Senile Plaque ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Β Amyloid

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent and severe neurodegenerative disease affecting more than 0.024 billion people globally, more common in women as compared to men. Senile plaques and amyloid deposition are among the main causes of AD. Amyloid deposition is considered as a central event which induces the link between the production of β amyloid and vascular changes. Presence of numerous biomarkers such as cerebral amyloid angiopathy, microvascular changes, senile plaques, changes in white matter, granulovascular degeneration specifies the manifestation of AD while an aggregation of tau protein is considered as a primary marker of AD. Likewise, microvascular changes, activation of microglia (immune defense system of CNS), amyloid-beta aggregation, senile plaque and many more biomarkers are nearly found in all Alzheimer’s patients. It was seen that 70% of Alzheimer’s cases occur due to genetic factors. It has been reported in various studies that apolipoprotein E(APOE) mainly APOE4 is one of the major risk factors for the later onset of AD. Several pathological changes also occur in the white matter which include dilation of the perivascular space, loss of axons, reactive astrocytosis, oligodendrocytes and failure to drain interstitial fluid. In this review, we aim to highlight the various biological signatures associated with the AD which may further help in discovering multitargeting drug therapy.

scholarly journals Vascular risk factors and incident late-life depression in a Korean population

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Min Kim ◽  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Sung-Wan Kim ◽  
Su-Jin Yang ◽  
Il-Seon Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Vascular Status

BackgroundCausal relationships between vascular factors and late-life depression are controversial.AimsTo investigate prospective associations between risk factors for vascular disease and incidence of late-life depression.MethodOf 661 community participants aged 65 years or over, without depression at baseline, 521 (79%) were re-evaluated 2 years later. At baseline and follow-up, a diagnostic interview for depression was carried out and information on vascular status, disability and cognitive function was gathered.ResultsPre-existing heart disease, incident stroke and lower baseline high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level were significantly associated with incidence of late-life depression, independently of disability and cognitive function.ConclusionsThese results provide some support for a vascular aetiology of late-life depression. However, important risk factors for cerebrovascular disease such as hypertension and diabetes were not implicated, and the associations with lipid levels might still be explained by affective states earlier in life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document