scholarly journals Aβ-Positivity Predicts Cognitive Decline but Cognition Also Predicts Progression to Aβ-Positivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Elman ◽  
Matthew S. Panizzon ◽  
Daniel E. Gustavson ◽  
Carol E. Franz ◽  
Mark E. Sanderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementia ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Future Risk ◽  
Early Predictor

ABSTRACTIntroductionBiomarker positivity predicts cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s dementia. But what predicts biomarker positivity? We hypothesized that cognitive function and p-tau would predict progression from normal to abnormal levels of β-amyloid (Aβ).MethodsBaseline cognition in 292 non-demented, Aβ-negative Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants was measured with two cognitive composites and compared between those that progressed to Aβ-positivity versus Aβ-stable. Follow-up analyses included continuous CSF Aβ and p-tau levels to examine subthreshold effects.ResultsContinuously measured baseline subthreshold Aβ and p-tau predicted progression to Aβ-positivity, but both baseline cognitive measures predicted progression to Aβ-positivity even after controlling for baseline biomarker levels.DiscussionCurrent Aβ thresholds may be ignoring relevant subthreshold pathology. Importantly, cognitive function can be an important early predictor of future risk, even earlier than the key biomarkers as currently measured. Moreover, A-/T+ individuals may still be on the AD pathway because p-tau also predicted progression to positivity.

Presenile primary cognitive decline or Alzheimer's dementia: 7-year clinical and neuropsychological follow-up

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zappoli ◽  
M. Paganini ◽  
G. Arnetoli ◽  
L. Bracco ◽  
A. Battaglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementia

scholarly journals Social isolation, rather than loneliness, is associated with cognitive decline in older adults: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bin Yu ◽  
Andrew Steptoe ◽  
Yongjie Chen ◽  
Xiaohua Jia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Confounding Variables

Abstract Background Social isolation and loneliness have each been associated with cognitive decline, but most previous research is limited to Western populations. This study examined the relationships of social isolation and loneliness on cognitive function among Chinese older adults. Methods This study used two waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and analyses were restricted to those respondents aged 50 and older. Social isolation, loneliness, and cognitive function were measured at baseline. Follow-up measures on cognitive function were obtained for 7761 participants (mean age = 60.97, s.d. = 7.31; male, 50.8%). Lagged dependent variable models adjusted for confounding factors were used to evaluate the association between baseline isolation, loneliness, and cognitive function at follow-up. Results Loneliness was significantly associated with the cognitive decline at follow-up (episodic memory: β = −0.03, p < 0.01; mental status: β = −0.03, p < 0.01) in the partially adjusted models. These associations became insignificant after additional confounding variables (chronic diseases, health behaviors, disabilities, and depressive symptoms) were taken into account (all p > 0.05). By contrast, social isolation was significantly associated with decreases in all cognitive function measures at follow-up (episodic memory: β = −0.05, p < 0.001; mental status: β = −0.03, p < 0.01) even after controlling for loneliness and all confounding variables. Conclusions Social isolation is associated with cognitive decline in Chinese older adults, and the relationships are independent of loneliness. These findings expand our knowledge about the links between social relationships and the cognitive function in non-Western populations.

scholarly journals Aging-associated deficit in CCR7 is linked to worsened glymphatic function, cognition, neuroinflammation, and β-amyloid pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. eabe4601
Author(s):  
Sandro Da Mesquita ◽  
Jasmin Herz ◽  
Morgan Wall ◽  
Taitea Dykstra ◽  
Kalil Alves de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lymphatic Vasculature ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Old Mice

Aging leads to a progressive deterioration of meningeal lymphatics and peripheral immunity, which may accelerate cognitive decline. We hypothesized that an age-related reduction in C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7)–dependent egress of immune cells through the lymphatic vasculature mediates some aspects of brain aging and potentially exacerbates cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease–like brain β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology. We report a reduction in CCR7 expression by meningeal T cells in old mice that is linked to increased effector and regulatory T cells. Hematopoietic CCR7 deficiency mimicked the aging-associated changes in meningeal T cells and led to reduced glymphatic influx and cognitive impairment. Deletion of CCR7 in 5xFAD transgenic mice resulted in deleterious neurovascular and microglial activation, along with increased Aβ deposition in the brain. Treating old mice with anti-CD25 antibodies alleviated the exacerbated meningeal regulatory T cell response and improved cognitive function, highlighting the therapeutic potential of modulating meningeal immunity to fine-tune brain function in aging and in neurodegenerative diseases.

IC-P-170: A SIGNATURE OF BRAIN ATROPHY HIGHLY PREDICTIVE OF PROGRESSION TO ALZHEIMER'S DEMENTIA AND COGNITIVE DECLINE

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_2) ◽  
pp. P142-P143
Author(s):  
Angela Tam ◽  
Christian Dansereau ◽  
Yasser Iturria Medina ◽  
Sebastian Urchs ◽  
Pierre Orban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementia

scholarly journals KLOTHO heterozygosity attenuates APOE4-related amyloid burden in preclinical AD

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (16) ◽  
pp. e1878-e1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. Erickson ◽  
Stephanie A. Schultz ◽  
Jennifer M. Oh ◽  
Burcu F. Darst ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Onset ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Pittsburgh Compound B ◽  
Preclinical Ad ◽  
Aβ Aggregation ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

ObjectiveTo examine whether the KLOTHO gene variant KL-VS attenuates APOE4-associated β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in a late-middle-aged cohort enriched with Alzheimer disease (AD) risk factors.MethodsThree hundred nine late-middle-aged adults from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention and the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were genotyped to determine KL-VS and APOE4 status and underwent CSF sampling (n = 238) and/or 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET imaging (n = 183). Covariate-adjusted regression analyses were used to investigate whether APOE4 exerted expected effects on Aβ burden. Follow-up regression analyses stratified by KL-VS genotype (i.e., noncarrier vs heterozygous; there were no homozygous individuals) evaluated whether the influence of APOE4 on Aβ was different among KL-VS heterozygotes compared to noncarriers.ResultsAPOE4 carriers exhibited greater Aβ burden than APOE4-negative participants. This effect was stronger in CSF (t = −5.12, p < 0.001) compared with PiB-PET (t = 3.93, p < 0.001). In the stratified analyses, this APOE4 effect on Aβ load was recapitulated among KL-VS noncarriers (CSF: t = −5.09, p < 0.001; PiB-PET: t = 3.77, p < 0 .001). In contrast, among KL-VS heterozygotes, APOE4-positive individuals did not exhibit higher Aβ burden than APOE4-negative individuals (CSF: t = −1.03, p = 0.308; PiB-PET: t = 0.92, p = 0.363). These differential APOE4 effects remained after KL-VS heterozygotes and noncarriers were matched on age and sex.ConclusionIn a cohort of at-risk late-middle-aged adults, KL-VS heterozygosity was associated with an abatement of APOE4-associated Aβ aggregation, suggesting KL-VS heterozygosity confers protections against APOE4-linked pathways to disease onset in AD.

Distance-based β-amyloid protein detection on PADs for scanning and subsequent follow up of Alzheimer’s disease in human urine sample

The Analyst ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawin Khachornsakkul ◽  
Anongnat Tiangtrong ◽  
Araya Suwannasom ◽  
Wuttichai Sangkharoek ◽  
Opor Jamjumrus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Protein Detection ◽  
Protein Quantification ◽  
Amyloid Protein ◽  
Human Urine Sample ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Β Amyloid

We report on the first development of a simple distance-based β-amyloid (Aβ) protein quantification using paper-based devices (dPADs) to screen for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to subsequently follow up on...

scholarly journals An Atypical Cutaneous Reaction to Rivastigmine Transdermal Patch

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Grieco ◽  
M. Rossi ◽  
V. Faina ◽  
I. De Marco ◽  
P. Pigatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽  
Cutaneous Reaction ◽  
Transdermal Patch ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementia ◽  
Rivastigmine Patch ◽  
Cutaneous Side Effects

Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor which improves cognitive function and is currently being used in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's and Alzheimer's dementia. This drug can be given orally or topically, as transdermal patch. The latter form is currently used for most excellent compliance and few side effects. The most common cutaneous side effects are irritative dermatitis. We report the second case of active sensitization by the rivastigmine-patch in a patient suffering from Alzheimer's dementia.

P.2.082 Cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's dementia during double-blind treatment of psychosis with olanzapine

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. S315
Author(s):  
W. Deberdt ◽  
P.P. De Deyn ◽  
M.M. Carrasco ◽  
C. Jeandel ◽  
D.P. Hay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementia

scholarly journals Playing Analog Games Is Associated With Reduced Declines in Cognitive Function: A 68-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew M Altschul ◽  
Ian J Deary
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cognitive Speed

Abstract Objectives Playing analog games may be associated with better cognitive function but, to date, these studies have not had extensive longitudinal follow-up. Our goal was to examine the association between playing games and change in cognitive function from age 11 to age 70, and from age 70 to 79. Method Participants were 1,091 nonclinical, independent, community-dwelling individuals all born in 1936 and residing in Scotland. General cognitive function was assessed at ages 11 and 70, and hierarchical domains were assessed at ages 70, 73, 76, and 79 using a comprehensive cognitive battery of 14 tests. Games playing behaviors were assessed at ages 70 and 76. All models controlled for early life cognitive function, education, social class, sex, activity levels, and health issues. All analyses were preregistered. Results Higher frequency of playing games was associated with higher cognitive function at age 70, controlling for age 11 cognitive function, and the majority of this association could not be explained by control variables. Playing more games was also associated with less general cognitive decline from age 70 to age 79, and in particularly, less decline in memory ability. Increased games playing between 70 and 76 was associated with less decline in cognitive speed. Discussion Playing games were associated with less relative cognitive decline from age 11 to age 70, and less cognitive decline from age 70 to 79. Controlling for age 11 cognitive function and other confounders, these findings suggest that playing more games is linked to reduced lifetime decline in cognitive function.

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