Animal hoarding and its effects on children: observations from a humane law enforcement professional

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Dez Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Interagency Cooperation ◽  
Mitigating Factors ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Effects On Children ◽  
Universal Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Animal Care

Abstract Children raised in animal hoarding situations experience both short- and long-term physical and emotional hazards. Far too often, the needs of children are under-served due to lack of interagency cooperation, societal misperceptions and other mitigating factors. These issues are discussed as they relate to the effects of animal hoarding on children in the home. Content is drawn from the lifelong experience of a humane law enforcement and animal care professional. A sampling of case studies is offered, and observations are presented regarding the immediate and long-term risks and trauma experienced by children in the hands of people who hoard animals. Included are a universal definition of animal hoarding, an explanation of animal behaviour in hoarded homes, information about humane law enforcement agencies and problems associated with a lack of interagency cooperation.

scholarly journals Contemporary forms and methods of counteracting narcotization of the youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 377-385
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Trokhymovych Komziuk ◽  
Ruslan Semenovych Orlovskyi ◽  
Bohdan Mykhailovich Orlovskyi ◽  
Taisa Vasylivna Rodionova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Preventive Methods

The purpose of the paper is to examine the most efficient forms and methods of counteracting narcotization in society, especially of the youth, and also to characterize the most important factors of the proliferation of narcotization. The authors used the following methods in the research: dialectical, dogmatic, method of systematic analysis and comparative-legal method. The paper analyses forms and methods of counteracting narcotization of the youth in Ukraine and worldwide. It elaborates the definition of the following terms: “narcotization”, “counteracting narcotization”, “forms of counteracting narcotization” and “methods of counteracting narcotization”. It ascertains that emerging and proliferation of narcotization has a direct correlation with the complex of social factors, each one of them obtained a specific characteristic. Besides analyzing the major factors of emergence and proliferation of narcotization of the youth, the paper gives particular attention to defining forms, methods and means of counteracting this socially harmful phenomenon. The paper studies positive experience in regard to activities of law enforcement agencies of the developed countries in the sphere of counteracting narcotization, including narcotization of the youth. It emphasizes that coercive methods of reducing narcotization have much lower efficiency compared to preventive methods that are generally more humane and economically efficient. The paper formulates the conclusion about the necessity of ongoing engagement of the community in counteracting narcotization of society, especially of the youth.

Corruption, the power of state and big business in Soviet and post-Soviet regimes

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shlapentokh
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
The State ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Chain Of Command ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The growth of corruption after 1991 was probably unavoidable. The privatization of the state economy created favorable conditions for corruption, which did not exist before. The feudalization of a society, with its weakening of the state and the high autonomy of its office holders, was another major factor behind the outburst of corruption. However, while these “objective” factors account for a great part of corruption’s growth, the transformation of the leaders of the country to people who encouraged corruption for their own benefit—one of the major elements of feudalization—also played an extremely large role in spreading corruption inside the country. Corruption poses greater concerns to society in the long term. Russian corruption undermines labor ethics, particularly among younger generations. Russian youths firmly believe that bribes and connections are the best and perhaps only way to become successful. Widespread corruption creates a parallel, semi-feudal chain of command that competes with the official hierarchy. The weakness of law enforcement agencies, as well as the army—now almost totally demoralized—is, to a great extent, the product of corruption.

scholarly journals Responding to cybercrime: results of a comparison between community members and police personnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Cross ◽  
Thomas Holt
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Police Responses ◽  
Police Personnel ◽  
Community Expectations ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Short And Long Term

Advancements in information technology are sources of both opportunity and vulnerability for citizens. Previous research indicates that there are significant challenges for police in investigating cybercrime, that community expectations about police responses are based largely on media representations, and that victims experience high levels of frustration and stigmatisation. This paper examines the views of the Australian community and law enforcement officers about the policing of cybercrime. Results suggest that police personnel are more likely to view cybercrime as serious, and community members are more likely to ascribe blame to victims. Results also indicate a discrepancy between police and community members in their views of the efficacy of police responses. These discrepancies contribute to public dissatisfaction. Therefore, the paper covers some general strategies for short-and long-term cybercrime prevention.

scholarly journals Legal status of a law enforcement official of Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Nyamsuren Erdenebulgan
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Enforcement Official ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Special Service ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of

The author highlights the issues related to the essence and implementation of the legal status of a law enforcement official. These issues are the focus of attention of scientists (primarily specialists in administrative law), legislators, civil society, as well as of the employees themselves. The terms «legal status» and «legal situation» are analysed in details. The issues related to the definition of the legal status of a law enforcement official of Mongolia are considered. The author presents a wide range of opinions of lawyers on the content of the concept of «legal status of a law enforcement official», gives various classifications of the term of legal status, and presents his vision of this problem and its solution with regard to law enforcement agencies of Mongolia. The author agrees with the point of view of those specialists who point out that the specificity of the legal status of a law enforcement official, his rights and duties, requires adopting other components, such as responsibility, which are quite justified. The author also underlines that there is almost no mention of the key-concept «a law enforcement official» in Mongolian legislation. This led to a conclusion that this concept should be legalized before being considered in details. The research also briefly discusses the main results of the extensive work on reforming police in 2011–2015. The author notes that the absolute following the example of Western countries was not appropriate. Thus, the author criticizes some aspects of the transition of the police from a special service to a public one, for example, the procedure for assigning special ranks by positions held, which led to an outflow of specialists from the law enforcement sphere to other areas. The author concludes that legally fixed features characterizing the legal status of a law enforcement official are far from exhaustive and require further rethinking, research, improvement in law-making and law enforcement.

scholarly journals Regulatory support and legal grounds for the coercion by the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Yuriy Paida
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
Special Means ◽  
Principle Of Proportionality ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Grounds

The issue of coercion by law enforcement agencies significantly affects the rights and interests of an individual as a person, despite the fact that this person is most often the offender. At the same time, both international law and the national law of any state recognize the possibility of applying coercive measures to ensure order and security. Thus, the principle of proportionality requires the legal definition of the authority powers to interfere in the rights, freedoms and interests of the objects of influence and the proportionate exercise of these powers depending on the specific circumstances of the case, which would ensure the necessary balance between government, community, legal entities and individual citizens. The article analyzes the national legislation that is directly related to the legal framework and legal grounds for the use of coercion by law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. It also covers international legal acts ratified in the prescribed order, and international documents on diplomatic relations and immunities of diplomatic agents with regard to respect for human rights in the use of coercion by the relevant authorities: whether physical influence (force), or special means, or, moreover, firearms, which is most often related to the harming a citizen. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of departmental regulation of this issue. It is noted that the legal grounds for the application of coercive measures regulated at the level of laws are not a departmental prerogative power of any ministry or other executive body. In addition to the above, it is emphasized that law enforcement officers must take into account the norms and principles of professional conduct in the performance of law enforcement functions in their activities. Thus, the legal grounds for the use of coercion by law enforcement agencies are widespread in regulations of various legal force. At the same time, the grounds and conditions for the application of coercive measures are regulated only by acts issued by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, namely, by laws

scholarly journals THEORETICAL BASES OF EXPERT PREVENTION: CONCEPT AND TASKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
N. Filipenko ◽  
O. Uhrovetskyi ◽  
O. Sharapova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Forensic Institutions ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes conceptual foundations, views and ideas concerning the essence of expert prevention. The relationship between the concepts of «prevention» and «prevention», which is in contact with each other, is investigated, because one of the main problems of the criminal investigation of the phenomenon of expert prevention is the ambiguity of both scientific understanding and the practical application of the corresponding conceptual-categorical apparatus. It is emphasized that the essence of expert prevention is the influence of the relevant subjects on crime through the use of special professional knowledge. That is, to the subject of forensic examination, should include studies of circumstances on the basis of which can be and should be developed scientific, organizational and technical measures of preventive nature. Proven that among the tasks of preventive nature, which can be solved by the staff of judicial-expert institutions, the development of aimed at forecasting in criminalistic aspects of circumstances contributing to the commission of crimes, taking into account the possibilities of certain types of expert research, should occupy an important place. It is proved that the preventive activities of forensic institutions of Ukraine should be carried out: in the production of examinations in specific criminal, administrative or civil cases; by summarizing expert, as well as forensic investigative practices; in the process of research on expert prevention; by providing on the basis of special knowledge of scientific and practical assistance to government agencies and public organizations in identifying circumstances conducive to the commission of crimes. In order to improve the quality of expert-preventive activities, the staff of the forensic institutions of Ukraine should pay maximum attention to the promotion of preventive activities among representatives of law enforcement and law enforcement agencies. On the basis of the analysis, the author’s definition of expert prevention is given: the activity of a forensic expert based on the laws and by-laws of normative legal acts, aimed at revealing the circumstances contributing to the commission of a crime, and the development of measures for their elimination with the use of special knowledge.

scholarly journals Genesis of legislation in the field of operational investigative activities in independent Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Oleh Yemets ◽  
Olha Zlahoda ◽  
Yevhen Shapovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
The Law ◽  
Western Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Subsequent Identification

The purpose of the article is to study the genesis of national legislation in the field of operational investigative activities in independent Ukraine, with the subsequent identification of conceptual problems, as well as the development and publication of proposals to address them taking into account the experience of post-Soviet countries. It is established that the process of formation and becoming of the legal basis for the work of operative subdivisions of authorized state bodies is not complete and it must be continued, as there are problems even with definition of conceptual bases of such activity, in particular related to the requirements of current legislation regarding its grounds. It is a question of whether the operative subdivisions should initiate operative-investigative cases and conduct operational investigative activities or send materials about preparations for a crime to the pre-trial investigation body, except for minor gravity, that is, about crimes being prepared, as well as persons preparing crimes. To solve the problem, we propose to discuss amendments to article 6 of the Law of Ukraine «On operational investigative activities», which would exclude from the list of grounds for conducting for operational investigative activities such as the availability of sufficient information obtained in accordance with the law, requiring verification by means of operational investigative measures, about crimes being prepared, as well as persons preparing crimes. At the same time, information about crimes being prepared, as well as persons who are preparing crimes, should be immediately entered into the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations, except for minor ones, and preparation for a crime should be investigated immediately by an investigator. This model is more consistent with the work of Western law enforcement agencies, but, as the study showed, is not typical of post-Soviet countries. These proposals, as well as alternative ones, on the harmonization of operational investigative and Criminal procedure legislation require professional discussion, but changes in one form or another are inevitable. The obtained and published results can be used by scientists in further research in this area, as well as law enforcement officers in the conduct of operational investigative activities and crime investigations.

scholarly journals Concept and structure of the special forces of operative-search activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
В. М. Давидюк
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Search Activity ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
Separate Category ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of

Some essential aspects of the concept of “special forces of operative and search activity” have been revealed, as well as their structural elements have been outlined. Information to clarify the content of the concept of “special forces of operative and search activity” and its certain components has been systematized. The author has studied the interpretation of the relevant components of this term in the literature, as well as taking into account the practical aspects of the organization of operative and search activities. The relevant international experience has been analyzed. Attention has been paid to the fact that only those persons, who cooperate with law enforcement agencies on a confidential basis are logically treated as special forces of operative and search activity. Some aspects of the application of special forces of operative and search activity have been revealed. Emphasis has been placed on ensuring secrecy and confidentiality in the use of special forces of operative and search activity. It has been emphasized that in case of the fulfillment of the tasks of operative and search activity such forces get a special attitude from the law enforcement agencies. The author has attempted to classify such forces, and has defined the attributes relevant to them. Based on the research, the definition of special forces of operative and search activity has been provided – it is a separate category of forces of operative and search activity, which does not belong to the subjects of operative and search activity, but indirectly and on a confidential basis promotes the fulfillment of tasks of operative and search activity and criminal process. The author has substantiated that disclosing party and anonymous author, who provide information on a confidential basis, belong to special forces of operative and search activity.

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