scholarly journals P070: A systematic assessment of opioid-related advertisements aimed at emergency physicians in North America

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. S89-S89
Author(s):  
A. Kirubarajan ◽  
A. Dragoman ◽  
J. Balakumaran ◽  
T. Got ◽  
N. Persaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
North America ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
North American ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Levels Of Evidence ◽  
Medicine Journal

Introduction: The opioid epidemic has been influenced by immense marketing campaigns produced by pharmaceutical companies. These campaigns include advertisements aimed at emergency medicine (EM) physicians, which may have influenced overprescription. This study is a part of a larger effort to systematically assess opioid ads published in major medical journals in North America. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically assess the volume, claims, and levels of evidence for opioid ads aimed at EM physicians. Methods: Up to two issues per year from 1996 to 2016 of ten major North American medical journals were hand-searched for opioid advertisements. Specifically, we assessed random samples of issues from five major North American emergency medicine journals, including Annals of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Journal, and American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Five generalist medical journals were assessed including Journal of the American Medical Association, New England Journal of Medicine, Canadian Medical Association Journal, American Family Physician, and Canadian Family Physician. The volume of advertisements, nature of the claims, and cited evidence were collected by independent reviewers. The referenced evidence was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence rubric. Results: Of the 269 issues across the ten journals, opioid ads compromised 95 of the 3392 pharmaceutical advertisements with 79 opioid ads available for analysis. When analysis was completed with two reviewers, inter-rater agreement was rated as 99.87 (Cohen's kappa of 0.976). 37/79 ads did not mention the addictive potential of opioids, with 60/79 not mentioning the possibility of death. The tamper potential of medications was mentioned in 27/79 ads. Positive claims included efficacy (47/79), fast-acting ability (16/79), patient preference (5/79), convenience (26/79) and reduced side effects (22/79). 26/79 cited references directly in their text. Citations were provided for a total of 19 available original studies, of which a majority (16/19) were Level 2 evidence. Upon examination of conflicts of interest, 100% (19/19) of the referenced studies were funded by a pharmaceutical company. Conclusion: A variety of claims were published in medical journals through opioid advertisements, which cite industry studies. Many ads did not mention key negative information, which may have influenced EM physician prescribing.

scholarly journals Year in Review: Synopsis of Selected Articles in Neuroanesthesia and Neurocritical Care from 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 03-10
Author(s):  
KokWeng Leong ◽  
Tara Dalby ◽  
Lashmi Venkatraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
England Journal ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
New England ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Critical Care Medicine ◽  
Medical Journals

AbstractThis review is a synopsis of selected articles from neuroscience, neuroanesthesia, and neurocritical care from 2019 (January–November 2019). The journals reviewed included anesthesia journals, critical care medicine journals, neurosurgical journals, as well as high-impact medical journals such as the Lancet, Journal of American Medical Association, New England Journal of Medicine, and Stroke. This summary of important articles will serve to update the knowledge of anesthesiologists and other perioperative physicians who provide care to neurosurgical and neurocritical cases.

scholarly journals Year in Review: Synopsis of Selected Articles in Neuroanesthesia and Neurocritical Care from 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 012-019
Author(s):  
Tariq Esmail ◽  
Sudhakar Subramaniam ◽  
Lashmi Venkatraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
England Journal ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
New England ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Critical Care Medicine ◽  
Medical Journals

AbstractThis review is a synopsis of selected articles from neuroscience, neuroanesthesia, and neurocritical care from the year 2020 (January–December 2020). The journals reviewed include anesthesia journals, critical care medicine journals, neurology and neurosurgical journals, as well as high-impact medical journals such as the Lancet, Journal of American Medical Association, New England Journal of Medicine, and Stroke. This summary of important articles will serve to update the knowledge of anesthesiologists and other perioperative physicians who provide care to neurosurgical and neurocritical care patients. In addition, some of the important narrative reviews that are of interest to neuroanesthesiologists are also listed.

scholarly journals COVID-19 en Panamá y el Mundo: Una Revisión

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 37-60
Author(s):  
René de Jesús Rivera Gutiérrez ◽  
María Ramírez ◽  
Alicia Rodríguez ◽  
Jorge Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
England Journal ◽  
British Medical Journal ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
New England ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Medicine Journal ◽  
Distribución Geográfica

Antecedentes: El virus SARS-CoV-2, causante de la Enfermedad por Coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19) emergió en Wuhan, China, en diciembre de 2019, y tiene un alcance pandémico en la actualidad. Su fisiopatología, distribución geográfica y características clínicas son objetivo de estudio y análisis continuo, con resultados prometedores e influyentes, pero difíciles de reunir y sintetizar considerando las numerosas fuentes de información y el dinamismo de la curva epidemiológica de esta pandemia. Objetivo: Esta revisión tiene como objetivo sintetizar la literatura actual sobre la pandemia del COVID-19, con el propósito de establecer de forma transparente y concisa la información de origen nacional e internacional disponible, de manera que esta sirva como una fuente confiable de la evidencia publicada.  Diseño: Se utilizaron artículos científicos publicados entre diciembre de 2019 y marzo de 2020, que fueron seleccionados por su relevancia, validez y calidad de contenido, obtenidos a través de revistas científicas como New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, The Lancet y el British Medical Journal, además de la información proporcionada por instituciones reconocidas a nivel mundial, como lo son la Organización Mundial de la Salud y  el Centro para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades. Conclusiones: La información actual sobre la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 está renovándose continuamente y se espera que continúe haciéndolo por los próximos meses. Se torna complicado el mantenerse a la vanguardia, por lo cual confiamos en que esta revisión será útil para distintos estudiantes y profesionales de la salud.

COVID-19: INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE TRANSMISSIBILIDADE, SINTOMAS, POPULAÇÃO DE RISCO, FATORES DE PREVENÇÃO E INTERVENÇÕES TERAPÊUTICAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Martins Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
England Journal ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
New England ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Medical Virology ◽  
Medicine Journal

A transmissão do novo coronavírus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, causador da doença coronavírus 2019 ou COVID-19) de pessoa a pessoa, para diferentes países, áreas ou territórios, gera intensa preocupação entre pesquisadores e a população em geral. Até o dia 9 de maio já foram registrados quase 4 milhões de casos confirmados do COVID-19 em todo o mundo, com quase 270 mil mortes associadas (taxa de fatalidade próxima a 7%). Objetivando disponibilizar informações importantes sobre o novo coronavírus, para auxiliar a comunidade científica e orientar a população em geral, esta revisão de literatura foi elaborada a partir de informações coletadas na base de dados Pubmed, na plataforma ScienceDirect, e especificamente na revista científica Nature Research e nos jornais científicos The Lancet, The New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of Medical Virology, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), bem como nos repositórios BioRxiv e MedRxiv e diferentes órgãos internacionais de saúde. Ainda são recentes os estudos referentes a intervenções terapêuticas a serem consideradas contra o SARS-CoV-2, bem como há a necessidade de maiores investigações quanto à patogenicidade e transmissibilidade desse vírus, e quanto aos seus efeitos em crianças, gestantes e animais.

scholarly journals Covid-19: Reflexão da atuação do enfermeiro no combate ao desconhecido

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1.ESP) ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio César Rabêlo Alves ◽  
Mayana Bonfim Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Medicine Journal ◽  
Recent Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
De Medicina

Objetivo: Refletir sobre as consequências da atuação do enfermeiro perante o surgimento da COVID-19. Metodologia: Trata-se de um artigo de reflexão, com a coleta de dados entre março e abril de 2020, por meio de bases científicas como a Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina, Journal of the American Medical Association e Scientific Eletronic Library Online. Foram selecionados 10 artigos, nos idiomas em português e inglês, com limitação devido a abordagem recente. Resultados: Torna-se evidente que o novo coronavírus está sendo o maior desafio enfrentado pelo mundo, com uma rápida disseminação. O uso de máscaras, uma boa higiene das mãos e a descontaminação da superfície são fundamentais para a segurança. Entretanto, há uma limitação da quantidade de equipamentos de proteção individual, somado a sobrecarga emocional dos enfermeiros e as péssimas condições de trabalho que já os acompanham, eles que estão na linha de frente no combate. Em meio ao desconhecido, uma estratégia especial para a atuação da enfermagem é necessária, protegendo-os. Conclusão: A COVID-19 envolve diversos fatores da sociedade, e gera muitas incertezas. No epicentro dessa catástrofe estão os enfermeiros, que em meio as tamanhas adversidades vêm demonstrando ainda mais as suas competências. Por isso, é importante informações precisas e uma valorização profissional para que nesse combate o bem-estar fique fortalecido.Descritores: Enfermagem; Coronavírus; Infecções Respiratórias. COVID-19: REFLECTION ON THE ROLE OF NURSES IN COMBATING THE UNKNOWNObjective: To reflect the consequences of nurses' actions in the face of the emergence of COVID-19. Methodology: This is a reflection article, with data collection between March and April 2020, through scientific databases such as National Library of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association and Scientific Eletronic Library Online. 10 articles were selected in Portuguese and English languages, with limitation due to the recent approach. Results: It becomes evident that the new coronavirus is being the biggest challenge faced by the world, with a rapid spread. The use of masks, good hand hygiene and surface decontamination are essential for safety. However, there is a limitation of the amount of personal protective equipment, added to the emotional overload of nurses and the poor working conditions that already accompany them, who are on the front line in combat. In the midst of the unknown, a special strategy for nursing practice is necessary, protecting them. Conclusion: COVID-19 involves several factors of society, and generates many uncertainties. At the epicenter of this catastrophe are nurses, who in the midst of such adversities have been demonstrating even more their skills. Therefore, it is important to accurate information and a professional appreciation so that in this fight the well-being is strengthened.Descriptors: Nursing; Coronavirus; Respiratory infections. COVID-19: REFLECCION SOBRE EL ROLE DE LAS ENFERMERAS EN EL COMBATE DE LO DESCONOCIDOObjetivo: Reflejar las consecuencias de las acciones de los enfermeros frente a la aparición de COVID-19. Metodología: Este es un artículo de reflexión, con recopilación de datos entre marzo y abril de 2020, a través de bases de datos científicas como Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina, Journal of the American Medical Association y Scientific Eletronic Library Online. 10 artículos fueron seleccionados en portugués e inglés, con limitación debido al reciente enfoque. Resultados: Se hace evidente que el nuevo coronavirus está siendo el mayor desafío al que se enfrenta el mundo, con una rápida propagación. El uso de mascarillas, una buena higiene de las manos y la descontaminación de la superficie son esenciales para la seguridad. Sin embargo, hay una limitación de la cantidad de equipo de protección personal, sumado a la sobrecarga emocional de las enfermeras y a las malas condiciones de trabajo que ya los acompañan, que están en primera línea en combate. En medio de lo desconocido, es necesaria una estrategia especial para la práctica de enfermería, protegiéndolas. Conclusión: COVID-19 implica varios factores de la sociedad, y genera muchas incertidumbres. En el epicentro de esta catástrofe están las enfermeras, que en medio de tales adversidades han estado demostrando aún más sus habilidades. Por lo tanto, es importante obtener información precisa y un aprecio profesional para que en esta lucha se fortalezca el bienestar.Descriptores: Enfermería; Coronavirus; Infecciones respiratorias.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Conflict-of-Interest Disclosures of Physician-Authors Publishing in High-Impact U.S. Medical Journals: A Comparison of the Journal of the American Medical Association and the New England Journal of Medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H Baraldi ◽  
Steven Picozzo ◽  
Jacob Arnold ◽  
Kathryn Volarich ◽  
Michael Gionfriddo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
England Journal ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
New England ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Clinical Trial Research ◽  
Open Payments

Objective: To assess the accuracy of self-reported financial conflict-of-interest (COI) disclosures in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) within the requisite disclosure period prior to article submission. Design: Cross-sectional investigation. Data Sources: Original clinical-trial research articles published in NEJM (n = 206) or JAMA (n = 188) from January 1 to December 31, 2017; self-reported COI disclosure forms submitted to NEJM or JAMA with the authors published articles; Open Payments website (from database inception; latest search: August 2019). Main outcome measures: Financial data reported to Open Payments from 2014 to 2016 (time period that included all subjects requisite disclosure windows) were compared to self-reported disclosure forms submitted to the journals. Payments were defined as those not associated with a research study or formal research funding. Payment types were categorized as disclosed, undisclosed, indeterminate, or unrelated. Results: Thirty-one articles from NEJM and 31 articles from JAMA met inclusion criteria. The physician-authors (n = 118) received a combined total of $7.48 million. Of the 106 authors (89.8%) who received payments, 86 (81.1%) received undisclosed payments. The top 23 most highly compensated received $6.32 million, of which $3.00 million (47.6%) was undisclosed. Disclosure rates were the equivalent between the top 23 and the entire sample. Conclusions: High payment amounts, as well as high proportions of undisclosed financial compensation, regardless of amount received, comprised potential COIs for two influential US medical journals. Further research is needed to explain why such high proportions of general payments were undisclosed and whether journals that rely on self-reported COI disclosure need to reconsider their policies.

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