scholarly journals MP45: What to do with #MeToo: pre and post presenting patterns of intimate partner violence

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. S59-S59
Author(s):  
A. Sobiesiak ◽  
K. Muldoon ◽  
L. Shipeolu ◽  
M. Heimerl ◽  
K. Sampsel
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Ottawa Hospital

Introduction: The #MeToo social media movement gained international status in October 2017 as millions disclosed experiences of sexual and intimate partner violence. People who experience violence from a former/current intimate partner may not present for care for many reasons, among them not knowing where to go for care, or not realizing they were experiencing abuse since the behavior was portrayed as ‘normal’. Empirical research identified increased police reporting, internet searches, and new workplace regulations on sexual assault/harassment after #MeToo. Less is known about how #MeToo has influenced hospital-based care, particularly among IPV cases. We aimed to investigate if the #MeToo social movement influenced patterns of IPV cases presenting for emergency care. Methods: This study took place at the Sexual Assault and Partner Abuse Care Program (SAPACP), within the Emergency Department of The Ottawa Hospital. Patients seen from November 1st, 2016 through to September 30th, 2017 was considered Pre-#MeToo and those seen November 1st, 2017 to September 30th, 2018 was considered Post-#MeToo. All patients seen in October 2017 were excluded. Analyses compare the proportion and characteristics of IPV cases seen Pre- and Post-#MeToo. Log-binomial regression models were used to calculate relative risk and 95% CI. Results: 890 cases were seen by the SAPACP during the total study period, of which 564 (63%) were IPV cases. 258 IPV cases were seen Pre-#MeToo and 306 IPV Post-#MeToo. The clinical presentation for IPV cases was similar between both periods where approximately 42% of IPV cases presented for sexual assault, 50% presented for physical assault. An increase in frequency and proportion of IPV cases was observed post-#MeToo. Post-#MeToo there were 48 additional cases of IPV, corresponding to almost a 20% increase in risk compared to the Pre-#MeToo period. (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07-1.31) Post-#MeToo, there were more presenting cases of IPV among male/trans cases (9 vs 26) and youth cases (82 vs 116). Conclusion: #MeToo is a powerful social movement that corresponded with a significant increase in IPV cases presenting for emergency care. While the assault characteristics among IPV cases remained similar, an important contribution of this research is the increase in youth, male/transgender patients who presented for care post-#MeToo. Continued investigations into pre- post-#MeToo trends is needed to understand more about the changing clinical population and to inform resource and service allocation.

A Population-Based Study of the Prevalence and Distinctiveness of Battering, Physical Assault, and Sexual Assault in Intimate Relationships

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1208-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige Hall Smith ◽  
Gloria E. Thornton ◽  
Robert Devellis ◽  
Joanne Earp ◽  
Ann L. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Population Based Study

The types of violence subsumed under the term intimate partner violence include physical assault, sexual assault, psychological abuse, and battering. This study is the first to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence by type (battering, physical assaults, and sexual assaults) in a population-based sample of women aged 18 to 45. The authors describe the prevalence of partner violence by type as well as the demographic, health behavior, and health status correlates of intimate partner violence by type. Findings support the empirical distinction of battering and assault. Battering as measured by the Women's Experiences With Battering (WEB) Scale provided the most comprehensive measure of intimate partner violence.

Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Hospitalized for Physical Assault, Sexual Assault, and Intimate Partner Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098549
Author(s):  
Nathalie Auger ◽  
Nancy Low ◽  
Ga Eun Lee ◽  
Aimina Ayoub ◽  
Thuy Mai Luu
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Physical Assault

Pregnancy outcomes of women with serious injuries due to violence receive limited attention. We examined the association of assault before and during pregnancy with maternal and infant outcomes at delivery. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 2,193,711 births in Quebec, Canada between 1989 and 2016. We identified women who were hospitalized for physical assault, sexual assault, and assault with documented intimate partner violence before and during pregnancy. We examined adverse outcomes at delivery, including preeclampsia, placental abruption, antepartum hemorrhage, stillbirth, preterm birth, low birthweight, and other disorders. In log-binomial regression models, we estimated risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between violence hospitalization and adverse birth outcomes, adjusted for potential confounders. Compared with no exposure, violence before or during pregnancy was associated with the future risk of placental abruption (RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.23–1.82), antepartum hemorrhage (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.19–1.71), stillbirth (RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.27–2.63), preterm birth (RR 1.70, 95% CI 1.54–1.87), and low birthweight (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.58–2.00). Physical assault, sexual assault, and assault with documented intimate partner violence were all associated with adverse outcomes. The risk of adverse outcomes was elevated regardless of timing and number of violence admissions, although associations were stronger for women hospitalized twice or more. Physical assault, sexual assault, and intimate partner violence are important risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Screening for violence in women of childbearing age and closer follow-up during pregnancy may help improve birth outcomes.

Intimate Partner Violence and Completion of Post-Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Examination Follow-Up Screening

2018 ◽  
pp. 088626051881702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Gilmore ◽  
Anna E. Jaffe ◽  
Christine K. Hahn ◽  
Leigh E. Ridings ◽  
Kathy Gill-Hopple ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Forensic Examination

Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Intimate Partner Violence, and Sexual Assault

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Sisic ◽  
Jerry Tan ◽  
Kathryn D. Lafreniere
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Consent ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dermatology Clinic

Background: Sexual assault and intimate partner violence have never been examined in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa. The research is important, because prior studies show higher incidences of intimate partner violence and sexual assault in individuals with disabilities, and hidradenitis suppurativa meets criteria for a disability. Objectives: The objective of the study is to examine whether individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa are at significantly higher risk of intimate partner violence and sexual assault compared with individuals who have acne, a recognised disability. Methods: Participants who met criteria for hidradenitis suppurativa and acne were recruited from a mid-sized university and a dermatology clinic. Participants spoke English and were over the age of sexual consent. Group (hidradenitis suppurativa and acne) differences on intimate partner violence and sexual assault were analysed. Victimisation within the past 12 months was measured using the Checklist for Controlling Behaviours, a measure of intimate partner violence, as well as the Sexual Experiences Survey–Short Form Victim, a measure of sexual assault. Results: In total, 243 participants (n = 128 for hidradenitis suppurativa; n = 115 for acne) were surveyed. Individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa were significantly more likely to report being victimised by intimate partner violence. Conclusions: Intimate partner violence was more frequently observed in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa. Health care providers should be aware of this issue when interacting with patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.

scholarly journals Patterns of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration Among Sexual Minority Women: A Latent Class Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Sutter ◽  
Annie E. Rabinovitch ◽  
Michael A. Trujillo ◽  
Paul B. Perrin ◽  
Lisa D. Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Sexual Minority Women

This study explored patterns of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration in 150 sexual minority women (SMW): 25.3% had been sexually victimized, 34% physically victimized, 76% psychologically victimized, and 29.3% suffered an IPV-related injury. A latent class analysis found four behavioral patterns: (1) minor-only psychological perpetration and victimization; (2) no IPV; (3) minor–severe psychological, physical assault, and injury victimization, and minor-only psychological, physical, and injury perpetration; and (4) severe psychological, sexual, physical assault, and injury victimization and perpetration. Individuals who experienced and/or perpetrated all types experienced the greatest heterosexism at work, school, and in other contexts.

The Feasibility of a Novel Recruitment Protocol for Collecting Survivor Data via Disclosure Recipient Referrals

2022 ◽  
pp. 107780122110706
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Ullman ◽  
Emily A. Waterman ◽  
Katie M. Edwards ◽  
Jania Marshall ◽  
Christina M. Dardis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Social Reactions ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Research Studies

The current arricle describes a novel recruitment protocol for collecting data from sexual assault and intimate partner violence survivors referred to research studies by individuals to whom they had previously disclosed. Challenges in both recruiting participants and interpreting data are described. Only 35.8% of cases had usable data for both survivors and disclosure recipients, suggesting that this referral method had limited success in recruiting matched pairs. Suggestions for modifications to improve the protocol for future research are offered. Potential advantages and drawbacks of various methods for recruiting dyads are described in order to facilitate future research on survivors’ disclosure processes, social reactions, and the influence of social reactions on survivor recovery.

Intimate Partner Violence and Body Shame: An Examination of the Associations Between Abuse Components and Body-Focused Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1538-1554
Author(s):  
Terri L. Weaver ◽  
Noel M. Elrod ◽  
Katherine Kelton
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Body Shame ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Self Objectification

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a stigmatizing, interpersonal violation with elements that confer risk for body shame. This study examined the role of body-focused processes (i.e., self-objectification and body surveillance) in the development of body shame within a sample of 61 primarily African American women, exposed to moderate to severe IPV. Severity of sexual coercion, physical assault, and psychological abuse were significantly associated with increased body shame and self-objectification. Mediation analyses revealed that self-objectification was a unique mediator of the relationship between psychological abuse, physical assault, sexual coercion, and body shame. Implications for women’s health care experiences are discussed.

scholarly journals Bystander Interventions on Behalf of Sexual Assault and Intimate Partner Violence Victims

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1694-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Weitzman ◽  
Sarah Cowan ◽  
Kate Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Private Matter ◽  
The Individual

Using newly available U.S. nationally representative data from the No More study ( N = 1,307), this article investigates (a) knowledge of sexual assault and intimate partner violence (IPV) victims within one’s social network; (b) who intervenes, whom they intervene on behalf of, and how they intervene; and (c) the perceived barriers to intervening in IPV specifically. The findings reveal that knowledge of violence, the likelihood of intervening, and the intervention approaches taken all vary demographically and by violence type. Among respondents who have known a victim, one- third report having intervened for sexual assault, while one-half report having intervened for IPV. For both types of violence, respondents are more likely to have intervened on behalf of family or friends than on behalf of more distant network members. However, respondents are more likely to have solicited the help of authorities and less likely to have offered safe haven in instances of sexual assault than in instances of IPV. The most commonly cited barriers to IPV intervention include fear of injury, fear of misinterpretation, and belief that IPV is a private matter, though these vary across demographic groups. These findings indicate that the decision to intervene is highly contextual—contingent on the individual characteristics of the intervener, situational characteristics of the violence, and the relationship between the intervener and the victim.

Pregnant Adolescents As Perpetrators and Victims of Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 2492-2510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth S. Buzi ◽  
Peggy B. Smith ◽  
Claudia A. Kozinetz ◽  
Constance M. Wiemann
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Pregnant Adolescents ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims

The role of pregnant adolescents as perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) is not well understood. Socioecological factors associated with IPV (physical assault and injury, and psychological aggression) perpetrated by pregnant adolescents and the association between IPV and attitudes toward the use of physical punishment to discipline children were examined among 246 pregnant adolescents. Pregnant adolescents were more likely to report perpetrating both physical assault (24%) and psychological aggression (52.7%) than being the recipient (12.2% and 38.6%, respectively) and having been physically injured (7%) than inflicting injury (4.1%). Risk factors for perpetrating physical assault included prior assault by partner, being African American, exposure to community violence, being in trouble with the police, and multiple lifetime drug use. IPV perpetrators had more favorable attitudes toward the use of physical punishment. Interventions should address IPV and parenting attitudes in young couples to maximize the health and safety of both mother and unborn child.

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