scholarly journals Nuts and coronary heart disease: an epidemiological perspective

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (S2) ◽  
pp. S61-S67 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Kelly ◽  
Joan Sabaté
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Iowa Women's Health Study ◽  
Heart Disease Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

The epidemiological evidence for the cardio-protective effect of nut consumption is presented and reviewed. Four large prospective epidemiological studies of primary prevention of coronary heart disease are reviewed and discussed (Adventist Health Study, Iowa Women's Health Study, Nurses' Health Study and the Physicians' Health Study). Other studies of nuts and coronary heart disease risk are addressed. The combined evidence for a cardio-protective effect from nut consumption is summarized and presented graphically. The risk of coronary heart disease is 37 % lower for those consuming nuts more than four times per week compared to those who never or seldom consume nuts, with an average reduction of 8·3 % for each weekly serving of nuts. The evidence for a causal relationship between nut consumption and reduced risk of coronary heart disease is outlined using Hill's criteria for causality and is found to support a causal cardio-protective relationship.

scholarly journals A systematic comprehensive longitudinal evaluation of dietary factors associated with acute myocardial infarction and fatal coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soodabeh Milanlouei ◽  
Giulia Menichetti ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Joseph Loscalzo ◽  
Walter C. Willett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Fatal Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease Risk

AbstractEnvironmental factors, and in particular diet, are known to play a key role in the development of Coronary Heart Disease. Many of these factors were unveiled by detailed nutritional epidemiology studies, focusing on the role of a single nutrient or food at a time. Here, we apply an Environment-Wide Association Study approach to Nurses’ Health Study data to explore comprehensively and agnostically the association of 257 nutrients and 117 foods with coronary heart disease risk (acute myocardial infarction and fatal coronary heart disease). After accounting for multiple testing, we identify 16 food items and 37 nutrients that show statistically significant association – while adjusting for potential confounding and control variables such as physical activity, smoking, calorie intake, and medication use – among which 38 associations were validated in Nurses’ Health Study II. Our implementation of Environment-Wide Association Study successfully reproduces prior knowledge of diet-coronary heart disease associations in the epidemiological literature, and helps us detect new associations that were only marginally studied, opening potential avenues for further extensive experimental validation. We also show that Environment-Wide Association Study allows us to identify a bipartite food-nutrient network, highlighting which foods drive the associations of specific nutrients with coronary heart disease risk.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document