Five Elizabethan courtiers, their Catholic connections, and their careers

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-227
Author(s):  
William J. Tighe
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Elizabeth I ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Outer Chamber ◽  
Family Connections

This article considers some of the men and women who served in the Privy Chamber of Elizabeth I and those men who held significant positions in her outer Chamber for evidence of Catholic beliefs, sympathies or family connections. It then discusses the careers of five men who at various times in Elizabeth’s reign were members of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners. It will show that their court careers were decisively affected by their Catholic beliefs and connections and, in one case, by a temporary repudiation of Catholicism. Their careers witness both to a fluidity of religious identity that facilitated their advancement at Court and to a narrowing of this identity over the course of the reign.

scholarly journals Revising Mary Queen of Scots: from Protestant Persecution to Patriarchal Struggle

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. DeSilva ◽  
Emily K. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Elizabeth I ◽  
Third Wave Feminism ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Female Directors ◽  
Gendered Politics ◽  
Queen Elizabeth I

Since Mary Queen of Scots’ execution in 1587, she has become a symbol of Scottish identity, failed female leadership, and Catholic martyrdom. Throughout the twentieth century, Mary was regularly depicted on screen (Ford, 1936; Froelich, 1940; Jarrott, 1971) as a thrice-wed Catholic queen, unable to rule her country due to her feminine nature and Catholic roots. However, with the rise of third wave feminism and postfeminism in media, coupled with the increased influence of female directors and writers, Mary’s characterization has shifted from portraying female/emotional weakness and religious sacrifice to female/collaborative strength in hardship and a struggle against patriarchal prejudice. Josie Rourke’s film Mary Queen of Scots (2018) and CW’s Reign (2013-2017) present a queen who is no longer limited to her religious identity as a Catholic martyr, and consequently a weak ruler. Instead religious division is mostly sidelined, and gendered politics is the central struggle, highlighting similarities between Mary and Queen Elizabeth I of England, where previous films presented opposites. Together, these two productions transform Mary’s narrative from fragility and religion, into a struggle against misogynistic control of powerful women.

Becoming equals: the meaning and practice of gender equality in an Islamic feminist movement in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 146470012110236
Author(s):  
Sagnik Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Feminist Movement ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ethical Commitment ◽  
Gendered Agency ◽  
Feminist Movements

Building upon an ethnographic exploration of the pedagogy and alternative dispute resolution activities of an Islamic feminist movement in India called the Indian Muslim Women’s Movement (Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan), this article speaks to the tension between Saba Mahmood’s influential account of religion and gendered agency, and a liberal feminist conception of gender equality. Anthropological explorations of Muslim women’s pious commitments as well as liberal feminist engagements with religion and culture are premised upon a presumed dichotomy between ethical engagements with religion, and a commitment to gender equality. Yet there is little analysis in existing scholarship of how gender equality is constituted by social movements premised on a religious identity, such as Islamic feminist movements. This article moves beyond thinking about gender equality merely as an abstract liberal normative good to explore how the discourse of gender equality is constituted in a movement that brings together everyday ethical commitments inspired by notions of piety and concerted everyday struggles against social and legal inequality. The ethnographic vignettes show how gender equality ( barabari) connotes social and legal equality between men and women premised on their equal spiritual status as God’s creations, their equal pious obligations irrespective of gender and the equal imperative of ethical conduct on both men and women based on Quranic values of compassion ( raham) and justice ( insaf). The pursuit of gender equality also entails reinterpretation of social norms in the light of ethical conduct, and an ethical commitment to collective struggle against gender discrimination in state and non-state forums.

The 'pair of straight bodies' and 'a pair of drawers' dating from 1603 which Clothe the Effigy of Queen Elizabeth I in Westminster Abbey

Costume ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Elizabeth I ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Page Size ◽  
Queen Elizabeth I ◽  
Materials Used

Janet Arnold left this paper virtually complete at her death in 1998. It is an important piece of work to which she had given a substantial amount of time, but it does not fit with her plans for the forthcoming volume of Patterns of Fashion: The Cut and Construction of Linen Clothes for Men and Women. However, because of the rarity of the 'pair of straight bodies' and the need to make the fruits of her research available to others, it was decided to follow Janet's own practice with one-off items of importance and to submit the article to Costume. Janet's full-scale pattern of the 'pair of straight bodies' has been scaled down to fit the page size of Costume, otherwise all the descriptions and queries are Janet's own, as are the drawings and photographs chosen to illustrate her text. She continued to work on the project after she had written the first draft text; consequently two references have been added to clarify the role of John Colte, and to illustrate the silk materials used to cover the 'bodies' made for the queen by William Jones.

‘A good girl is worth their weight in gold’: Gender relations in British horseracing

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Williams ◽  
Gavin Hall
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Family Connections ◽  
Males And Females

The culture of horseracing is rather under researched by social scientists. It may seem a highly progressive site for gender equality in sport because, unusually, men and women compete directly against each other as owners, trainers and jockeys. But gender inequalities are deeply rooted and persistent in British racing. Our interview-based study suggests that ingrained patterns of sexism, chauvinism and paternalism reproduce patriarchal assumptions among both males and females in racing which act as key barriers, especially for ambitious female jockeys. Conventional ideas about women’s embodiment and their intuitively caring and ‘loving’ nature towards horses may open up prospects for females as junior stable staff, but they also dialectically reduce opportunities elsewhere. Obstacles to advancement on merit mean that family connections and influential networks shape female prospects in racing rather more than is the case for men. New equality strategies pursued from within British racing are welcome, but they are unlikely to challenge existing structures and ideologies or challenge core gender inequalities.

Getting to Church

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally K. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sense Of Identity

Getting to Church explores the ways in which congregations continue to provide an arena in which adults deepen and expand a sense of identity, connection, and growth. Data for this analysis come from three years of participant observation, focus groups, and personal interviews with clergy, current members, and prospective members in three congregations representing diverse traditions within US Christianity. Our analysis demonstrates that historic tradition or denomination as embodied in buildings and programs, as well as the specific teachings and ethos of congregations, draws men and women differently toward membership. Contrary to the generalization that women are more religious than men, we argue that women’s and men’s religious identity, experience, and practice vary in substance, direction, and breath across religious tradition. Gender shapes joining, though not in the directions or degree we might expect. For both women and men, connecting to congregations provides an opportunity to experience dimensions of personhood that are broader than the current cultural gender script. Congregations provide robust narratives of transcendence that are experienced as empowering to women, as well as narratives of community, connection, and service for men. The fact that these themes appear in congregations located at very different points across the religious field underscores the salience of formal religious affiliation in the formation of adult personhood.

To piety or conversion more prone? Gender and conversion in the early modern Mediterranean

Conversions ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Dursteler
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Compare And Contrast

This chapter examines religious identity, and in particular conversion, in the early modern Mediterranean through the prism of gender. It surveys attitudes towards women’s religiosity and their susceptibility to conversion from Muslim, Jewish and Christian perspectives, and will compare and contrast the motivations for conversion of men and women. I argue that sweeping generalizations about women’s religiosity must be approached with caution. Women were probably no more or less inclined to conversion than men, they voluntarily chose or rejected conversion, or could be compelled to convert; their ‘apparent greater religiosity’ was itself a social and polemical construct, deployed to particular ends on varied occasions.

Ultrastructural comparison of prolactin adenomas of pituitary in men and women

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
R.C. Caughey ◽  
U.P. Kalyan-Raman
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Transmission Electron

Prolactin producing pituitary adenomas are ultrastructurally characterized by secretory granules varying in size (150-300nm), abundance of endoplasmic reticulum, and misplaced exocytosis. They are also subclassified as sparsely or densely granulated according to the amount of granules present. The hormone levels in men and women vary, being higher in men; so also the symptoms vary between both sexes. In order to understand this variation, we studied 21 prolactin producing pituitary adenomas by transmission electron microscope. This was out of a total of 80 pituitary adenomas. There were 6 men and 15 women in this group of 21 prolactinomas.All of the pituitary adenomas were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, rinsed in Millonig's phosphate buffer, and post fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide. They were then en bloc stained with 0.5% uranyl acetate, rinsed with Walpole's non-phosphate buffer, dehydrated with graded series of ethanols and embedded with Epon 812 epoxy resin.

Race Difference in Auditory Sensitivity

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Shepherd ◽  
Robert Goldstein ◽  
Benjamin Rosenblüt
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
White Men ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Auditory Sensitivity ◽  
Race Difference ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Békésy Audiometry ◽  
Method Of Adjustment ◽  
Better Than

Two separate studies investigated race and sex differences in normal auditory sensitivity. Study I measured thresholds at 500, 1000, and 2000 cps of 23 white men, 26 white women, 21 negro men, and 24 negro women using the method of limits. In Study II thresholds of 10 white men, 10 white women, 10 negro men, and 10 negro women were measured at 1000 cps using four different stimulus conditions and the method of adjustment by means of Bekesy audiometry. Results indicated that the white men and women in Study I heard significantly better than their negro counterparts at 1000 and 2000 cps. There were no significant differences between the average thresholds measured at 1000 cps of the white and negro men in Study II. White women produced better auditory thresholds with three stimulus conditions and significantly more sensitive thresholds with the slow pulsed stimulus than did the negro women in Study II.

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