Patterns of the Fair: Demorest's monthly magazine, the Centennial Exhibition of 1876 and analysis of fashion advertising art

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Sally Sims Stokes
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
World's Fair ◽  
Sewing Machine ◽  
Fashion Magazines ◽  
Magazine Advertisement ◽  
The World ◽  
Centennial Exhibition ◽  
Repeating Patterns

Fashion magazines contain hidden delights ripe for investigating. One can explore overt content and covert messages in fashion magazine advertising art by probing the periodical and its promotional images for historical or social clues and for the advertiser's manipulative methods. Art librarians can apply and encourage the use of analytical techniques in connection with fashion advertising art from any era or region of the world. The focus here is on a single firm, the Demorest Fashion and Sewing-Machine Company, best known for its paper sewing patterns, and how in a single volume of its monthly magazine it promoted the purchase of fashion goods in connection with a world's fair: the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. Comparing a 19th-century fashion engraving with a related photograph; and viewing a magazine advertisement as a set of repeating patterns according to a 21st-century process, fractal-concept analysis, together yield a trove of information and prompt further ideas for alternate and peripheral lines of inquiry.

scholarly journals Reforming Police: Opportunities, Drivers and Challenges

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip C. Stenning ◽  
Clifford D. Shearing
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Quiet Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Different Parts

A few years ago, David Bayley and Clifford Shearing (1996) argued that at the end of the 20th century we were witnessing a ‘watershed’ in policing, when transformations were occurring in the practices and sponsorship of policing on a scale unprecedented since the developments that heralded the creation of the ‘New Police’ in the 19th century. In this special issue of the journal, we and our fellow contributors turn our attention to a somewhat neglected aspect of this ‘quiet revolution’ in policing (Stenning & Shearing, 1980), namely the nature of the opportunities for, and challenges posed by, the reform of policing in different parts of the world at the beginning of the 21st century. Our attention in this issue is particularly focused on the opportunities, drivers and challenges in reforming public (state-sponsored) police institutions.

scholarly journals Daži agrāk aktuāli akadēmiskās dzīves aspekti: venia legendi un privātdocenta statuss pasaulē un Rīgas Politehnikumā (1862–1896)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 9-29
Author(s):  
Māris Baltiņš
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Pētījumā aplūkots privātdocenta statuss, kas pasaulē tika ieviests 18. gadsimtā un, sākot no 19. gadsimta otrās puses līdz Otrā pasaules kara beigām, pastāvēja arī Latvijā. Privātdocenta statuss salīdzināts ar citu pasaules valstu, galvenokārt vācu tipa universitātēm. Jēdzienu «venia legendi» un «privātdocents» skaidrojumi ar piemēriem no Rīgas Politehnikuma (RP) mācībspēku darbības atspoguļo šos jēdzienus no dažādiem aspektiem, lai 21. gadsimtā būtu saprotams to lietojums iepriekšējos gadsimtos. Autors pētījumam izmantojis arhīvu dokumentus un bibliotēku krājumus, balstoties ne tikai Latvijas, bet arī Krievijas, Vācijas un citu valstu zinātnieku atziņās. The study examines the status of a private docent, the academic position which was introduced across the world in the 18th century and which also existed in Latvia from the second half of the 19th century until the end of World War II. The status of the private docent as it used to be understood in Latvia is compared with other countries, mainly considering German-type universities. Definition of the terms «venia legendi» and «private docent» providing examples of academic activity of the lecturers of Riga Polytechnicum (RP) allow considering these concepts from various perspectives in order to make their meaning and usage in the previous centuries transparent for the users in the 21st century. Conducting the present research, the author has used archival documents and library collections, the theoretical framework includes the findings of not only the Latvian scientists, but also researchers from Russia, Germany and other countries.

scholarly journals Napravleniya issledovaniy natsional'no-kul'turnogo svoyeobraziya belorusskikh poslovits (konets KHІKH –nachalo KHKHІ veka): metodologiya, problemy, perspektivy (chast' 1)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-181
Author(s):  
Julia Petrushevskaia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

Directions of research into the national-cultural specificity of Belarusian proverbs (late 19th – early 21st centuries): methodology, problems, perspectives (Part 1). The main research directions of studying the national and cultural specificity of proverbs in the Belarusian language in the period from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century are discussed. Linguocultural studies of Belarusian proverbs are few and often not separated from the study of the national picture of the world in Belarusian phraseologisms. The linguistic and cultural description of the national-cultural originality of Belarusian proverbs is based on the results of etymological, ethnolinguistic and cultural linguistics studies, therefore it automatically adopts all their imperfections and limitations. All the studies mentioned are carried out on proverbial material of different volume and qualitative properties, have a different degree of representativeness, and are characterized by different effectiveness. Nevertheless, the content of the various existing studies of Belarusian proverbs makes it possible to develop a methodology for determining the national and cultural specificity of the Belarusian proverbial resources. The latest attempts at, and prospects for, describing the linguocultural specificity of Belarusian proverbs are considered. Keywords: Belarusian language, paremiology, proverb, national specificity, etymology, ethnolinguistics, cultural linguistics, language and cultural studies

scholarly journals Chinese Folk Photographic Creations of Western Photographers

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Ting Zhou
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Ancient Civilization ◽  
The World

Folk cultures contribute to the important composition of the traditional culture in China, a multiracial ancient civilization enjoying a profound history. Folk photography opens a window for the world to enable people in other countries to understand China as well as its traditional culture. Western photographers have created a large amount of folk photographs during over a century of corresponding development. These works mean not only great significances to the documentation and heritage of Chinese folk cultures but also enormous contributions to the communication of Chinese folk cultures towards the global community. The paper reviewed the Chinese folk photographic creations of western photographers from mid-19th century to early 21st century, and discussed the connotations and meanings of these works.

scholarly journals Michel Houellebecq’s Submission – a novel of decadence

Literatūra ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Vytautas Bikulčius
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Black Madonna ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Aesthetic Values

Michel Houellebecq’s Submission has been analysed as a novel of decadence in this paper. Referring to the works of Michel Winock, François Livi and Michel Onfray, it has been found that a decadent novel can be associated not only with the works of Joris-Karl Huysmans, Pierre Loűys, Jean Lorrain and others produced at the end of the 19th century but also at subsequent periods. Such characteristics of decadent writing as the threat of catastrophe, fundamental changes in society, nostalgia can be found in the analysed novel.François, the main character of the novel, an expert on Huysmans and a professor at Sorbonne University, supports Huysmans’ ideas to some extent trying to find the link between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 21st century by comparing processes in society. Huysmans sought an ideal in the Middle Ages, while François travels to Rocamadour, famous for the statue of the Black Madonna, with a hope to find a spiritual revelation but becomes aware that the world of the past has gone forever. Changes in society made Huysmans leave the monastery, similarly, François gets frustrated as he loses his job when the Muslim Fraternity comes into power.Using the dystopian genre, Houellebecq depicts unbelievable changes in society – the new government proclaims Islam an official religion of France. Society is governed by new rules, the authority is concerned about two things – demography and education. Those, who refuse to convert to Islam, lose their jobs. Changes in society are even linked with geopolitical changes. Meanwhile Houellebecq reveals significant differences between the decadence of the end of the 19th and of the 21st century. Huysmans’ decadence results in neuroses, a desire to seal himself off from the world in alcohol, drugs, etc., to surround himself with works of art, while François in Submission enjoys erotic pleasures, gradually becomes an alcoholic, he does not suffer like Huysmans’ protagonist Des Esseintes. It can be stated that Submission is a decadent novel only at thematic level since aesthetic values, characteristic of the decadence of the 19th century, are left in the background. The only justification of François is that he speaks about his conversion to Islam hypothetically, it shows that he has not made up his mind to take this step.

scholarly journals De Enquiry en het Serampore ‘Form of Agreement’: William Carey als zendingsstrateeg voor de 21ste eeuw

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Kommers
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Mission Work ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Crisis ◽  
The Church

Wereldwijd is aandacht gegeven aan de 250ste geboortedag van William Carey. Tot op de dag van vandaag wordt hij herinnerd als een zendingsman die met zijn visie voor de zending van blijvende betekenis is. Zijn leven is het onderwerp geweest van meer dan vijftig biografieën en deelstudies, maar het blijft moeilijk hem onder één noemer te vatten. Hij wordt genoemd de stichter en de vader van de moderne zending (Smith 1885:437), maar óók een groot staatsman, een onderlegde botanist, en een echte vriend van Bengalen en India (Davis 1963:73). Carey was in alle opzichten een pionier, die zich hierin onderscheidde van anderen uit zijn tijd dat zijn zendingswerk diep geworteld was in een verscheidenheid van seculiere wetenschappen. Zijn werk geeft een ‘turning point’ (Neill 1982:261) aan voor het zendingswerk in de 19e eeuw. De geloofscrisis binnen de kerken van het Westen heeft geleid tot een verlies van overtuiging dat het geloof in Christus Jezus zó essentieel is, dat zonder geloof in Hem mensen verloren gaan. We vragen ons af, ’Hoe komt het dat Carey tot op heden in de wereld van de missiologie blijft meetellen?’ Wij doen onszelf te kort wanneer we niet luisteren naar zijn stem, mede omdat ‘in the whole history of the church no nobler man has ever given himself so fully to the service of the Redeemer’ (Neill et al. 1971:83). Hij had een visie op zending, maar ook een concreet plan om tot uitvoering van zijn visie te komen. Carey is met zijn zendingsprincipes voor de 21ste eeuw een modern zendingsstrateeg.Worldwide attention has been given to William Carey’s 250th birthday in 2011. He is remembered today as a man of distinguished importance for his work in India and his vision for missions. Though his life has been the subject of more than fifty biographies and case studies, it is difficult to view him under one common denominator. He has been called the ‘founder and father of modern missions’ (Smith 1885:437) and ‘a great statesman, a skilled botanist and a real friend of Bengal and the rest of India’ (Davis 1963:73). In all aspects he was a pioneer. Distinguishing him from others, we see that his mission work is deeply rooted in a variety of secular disciplines. His work indicates a turning point (Neill 1982:261) in 19th-century mission work. The religious crisis in the Western churches has led to a loss of conviction that belief in Christ Jesus is vital, and that without faith in Him people are lost. We ask the question, ’Why does Carey still feature in the world of missions today?’ We wrong ourselves when we do not listen to his voice, because it has been said that ‘in the whole history of the church no nobler man has ever given himself so fully to the service of the Redeemer’ (Neill et al. 1971:83). He had a vision1 for missions, but also a concrete plan for the realisation of this vision. For the 21st century Carey with his mission principles is a modern mission strategist. 

Psychology from Egyptian, Arab, and Islamic Perspectives

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad A-L.H. Abou-Hatab
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

This paper presents the case of psychology from a perspective not widely recognized by the West, namely, the Egyptian, Arab, and Islamic perspective. It discusses the introduction and development of psychology in this part of the world. Whenever such efforts are evaluated, six problems become apparent: (1) the one-way interaction with Western psychology; (2) the intellectual dependency; (3) the remote relationship with national heritage; (4) its irrelevance to cultural and social realities; (5) the inhibition of creativity; and (6) the loss of professional identity. Nevertheless, some major achievements are emphasized, and a four-facet look into the 21st century is proposed.

Dancing Across the World Wide Web: Advocacy in the 21st Century

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair Williams Cronin ◽  
Ty Tedmon-Jones ◽  
Lora Wilson Mau
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
21St Century ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The World

Globalization and interconfessional communications

2001 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Serhii Viktorovych Svystunov
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Target Set ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rapid Appearance

In the 21st century, the world became a sign of globalization: global conflicts, global disasters, global economy, global Internet, etc. The Polish researcher Casimir Zhigulsky defines globalization as a kind of process, that is, the target set of characteristic changes that develop over time and occur in the modern world. These changes in general are reduced to mutual rapprochement, reduction of distances, the rapid appearance of a large number of different connections, contacts, exchanges, and to increase the dependence of society in almost all spheres of his life from what is happening in other, often very remote regions of the world.

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