027 — (GOD0081) Antiepileptic and neuroprotective effect of Parawixin2, isolated Parawixia bistriata spider venom, in lithium–pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
L.D. Godoy ◽  
J.L. Liberato ◽  
L. Gobbo-Neto ◽  
N.P. Lopes ◽  
J. Coutinho-Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Spider Venom ◽  
Pilocarpine Model ◽  
Parawixia Bistriata

scholarly journals Anakinra Reduces Epileptogenesis, Provides Neuroprotection, and Attenuates Behavioral Impairments in Rats in the Lithium–Pilocarpine Model of Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Alexandra V. Dyomina ◽  
Olga E. Zubareva ◽  
Ilya V. Smolensky ◽  
Dmitry S. Vasilev ◽  
Maria V. Zakharova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Pilocarpine Model ◽  
Behavioral Impairments

Temporal lobe epilepsy is a widespread chronic disorder that manifests as spontaneous seizures and is often characterized by refractoriness to drug treatment. Temporal lobe epilepsy can be caused by a primary brain injury; therefore, the prevention of epileptogenesis after a primary event is considered one of the best treatment options. However, a preventive treatment for epilepsy still does not exist. Neuroinflammation is directly involved in epileptogenesis and neurodegeneration, leading to the epileptic condition and cognitive decline. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the effect of treatment with a recombinant form of the Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) on epileptogenesis and behavioral impairments in rats using the lithium–pilocarpine model. We found that anakinra administration during the latent phase of the model significantly suppressed the duration and frequency of spontaneous recurrent seizures in the chronic phase. Moreover, anakinra administration prevented some behavioral impairments, including motor hyperactivity and disturbances in social interactions, during both the latent and chronic periods. Histological analysis revealed that anakinra administration decreased neuronal loss in the CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus but did not prevent astro- and microgliosis. The treatment increased the expression level of the solute carrier family 1 member 2 gene (Slc1a2, encoding excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2)) in the hippocampus, potentially leading to a neuroprotective effect. However, the increased gene expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes (Interleukin-1β (Il1b) and tumor necrosis factor α (Tnfa)) and astroglial marker genes (glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 (Itpr2)) in experimental rats was not affected by anakinra treatment. Thus, our data demonstrate that the administration of anakinra during epileptogenesis has some beneficial disease-modifying effects.

Behavioral alterations in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy in mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Gröticke ◽  
Katrin Hoffmann ◽  
Wolfgang Löscher
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Pilocarpine Model

Modulation Effects of α-Asarone on the GABA homeostasis in the Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Jing-Kun Miao ◽  
Qi-Xiong Chen ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
Xiao-Wen Li ◽  
Xiao-Mei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Pilocarpine Model

Spontaneous Excitatory Currents and κ-Opioid Receptor Inhibition in Dentate Gyrus Are Increased in the Rat Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1860-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Simmons ◽  
Gregory W. Terman ◽  
Charles Chavkin
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Mossy Fiber ◽  
Perforant Path ◽  
Mossy Fiber Sprouting ◽  
Receptor Inhibition ◽  
Excitatory Activity ◽  
Pilocarpine Model

Simmons, Michele L., Gregory W. Terman, and Charles Chavkin. Spontaneous excitatory currents and κ-opioid receptor inhibition in dentate gyrus are increased in the rat pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 1860–1868, 1997. Temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with a characteristic pattern of synaptic reorganization in the hippocampal formation, consisting of neuronal loss and aberrant growth of mossy fiber collaterals into the dentate gyrus inner molecular layer. We have used the rat pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy to study the functional consequences of mossy fiber sprouting on excitatory activity and κ-opioid receptor-mediated inhibition. Using the whole cell voltage-clamp technique, we found that abnormal excitatory activity was evident in granule cells of the dentate gyrus from pilocarpine-treated rats. The frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) was increased greatly in cells from tissue in which significant mossy fiber sprouting had developed. In the presence of bicuculline, giant spontaneous EPSCs, with large amplitudes and long durations, were seen only in association with mossy fiber sprouting. Giant EPSCs also could be evoked by low-intensity stimulation of the perforant path. Mossy fibers release not only excitatory amino acids, but also opioid peptides. κ-Opioid receptor-mediated inhibition in normal Sprague-Dawley rats was seen only in hippocampal sections from the ventral pole. In pilocarpine-treated rats, however, kappa receptor-mediated effects were seen in both ventral and more dorsal sections. Thus in this model of temporal lobe epilepsy, several types of abnormal excitatory activity were observed, thereby supporting the idea that mossy fiber sprouting leads to recurrent excitatory connections. At the same time, inhibition of excitatory activity by κ-opioid receptors was increased, perhaps representing an endogenous anticonvulsant mechanism.

Pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy shows enhanced response to general anesthetics

2009 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J.A. Long ◽  
Bixia Shen ◽  
Tao Luo ◽  
Lee Stewart ◽  
Thomas J.A. McMurran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
Pilocarpine Model
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