Impact of Access to Credit on Labor Allocation Patterns in Malawi

This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, we investigate the impact of savings groups after more than two years of exposure. We find t hat savings groups channel expensive investments such as housing improvements and reduce households' vulnerability to idiosyncratic shocks, particularly among households in poorer districts. The treatment also induces changes in households labor allocation choices: access to savings groups increases female labor market participation and, in poorer areas, it fosters greater specialization in agricultural activities. Access to savings groups also leads to a four-percentage point increase in access to credit among women, mainly driven by access to the groups loans. However, the introduction of savings groups has no impact on the likelihood of using formal financial services.On the contrary, it discourages access to loans from formal financial institutions and microfinance lenders among the unbanked.

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Food insecurity transitions among rural households in Nigeria

Studies of Applied Economics ◽

10.25115/eea.v39i1.3505 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Oluwakemi Adeola Obayelu ◽

Emem Ime Akpan

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Primary Education ◽

Rural Households ◽

Farm Size ◽

Dependency Ratio ◽

Male Adult ◽

Access To Credit ◽

Food Expenditure

Food insecurity dynamics of rural households in Nigeria was assessed using a panel data. Results showed that 44.4% of households that were food secure in the first panel transited into food insecurity in the second panel, while 32.5% that were mildly food insecure transited into food security. Furthermore, 25.7% transited from moderate food insecurity to food security, while 38.2% transited from severe food insecurity to food security. About 35.1% of households were never food insecure; 11.4% exited food insecurity 28.0% entered food insecurity; while 25.48% remained always food insecure. Having primary education, secondary education, dependency ratio, household size, share of non-food expenditure and farm size explained food insecurity transition. However, the likelihood of a household being always food insecure was explained by gender, female-to-male-adult ratio, marital status, primary education, secondary education, dependency ratio, share of non-food expenditure, farm size, access to credit and access to remittance.

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Selling their Best for Little: The Riddle of Ecuador's Failed Attempt to Assist Communal Farmers

Revista Latinoamericana de Desarrollo Económico ◽

10.35319/lajed.20042322 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 123-142

Author(s):

María José Castillo ◽

Richard Beilock

Keyword(s):

Development Strategies ◽

Irrigation Canals ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Access To Credit ◽

Reservation Prices ◽

Failed Attempt ◽

Santa Elena

In the 1980s, Ecuador began an expensive project providing primary irrigation canals to the Santa Elena Peninsula. The intended beneficiaries were the region's communal farmers. Instead, virtually all irrigable lands have been sold to large farmers and land speculators, usually at exceedingly low prices. While political and economic abuses explain some of these sales, introduction into a communal setting of an innovation which improved returns to capital relative to labor made land divestitures almost inevitable. With effectively no access to credit, communal farmers had little ability to invest in secondary irrigation systems. Moreover, because users of irrigable lands did not fully control communal sales decisions, as these lands became attractive to others, dispossession risks rose. The net result was that reservation prices for holding these lands fell among communal farmers at the same time of increased demands for these assets by those outside the comunas. Implications for development strategies are also discussed.

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Adaptation of biomass allocation patterns of wild Fritillaria unibracteata to alpine environ-ment in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1258.2013.00019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 187-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bo XU ◽

Jin-Niu WANG ◽

Fu-Sun SHI ◽

Jing GAO ◽

Ning WU

Keyword(s):

Biomass Allocation ◽

Allocation Patterns ◽

Xizang Plateau

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The Role of Mobile Money in Moderating Financial Exclusion: A Tanzanian Experience

The International Social Sciences Review ◽

10.37467/gka-socialrev.v2.2287 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 1-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Deogratius Joseph Mhella

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Financial Institutions ◽

Banking Sector ◽

Research Question ◽

Microfinance Institutions ◽

Mobile Money ◽

Access To Credit ◽

Financial Exclusion

Prior to the advent of mobile money, the banking sector in most of the developing countries excluded certain segments of the population. The excluded populations were deemed as a risk to the banking sector. The banking sector did not work with cash stripped and the financially disenfranchised people. Financial exclusion persisted to incredibly higher levels. Those excluded did not have: bank accounts, savings in financial institutions, access to credit, loan and insurance services. The advent of mobile money moderated the very factors of financial exclusion that the banks failed to resolve. This paper explains how mobile money moderates the factors of financial exclusion that the banks and microfinance institutions have always failed to moderate. The paper seeks to answer the following research question: 'How has mobile money moderated the factors of financial exclusion that other financial institutions failed to resolve between 1960 and 2008? Tanzania has been chosen as a case study to show how mobile has succeeded in moderating financial exclusion in the period after 2008.

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