scholarly journals The effect of population health on foreign direct investment inflows to low- and middle-income countries

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Alsan ◽  
David E. Bloom ◽  
David Canning
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment Inflows

Do Remittances Attract Foreign Direct Investment? An Empirical Investigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hem C. Basnet ◽  
Kamal P. Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Latin American Countries

Remittances are a major source of household income in many Asian, African, and Latin American countries. Households spend a significant portion of remittances on health and education. Given that human capital is one of the primary determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow, this study develops a model in which remittances are one of several determinants of the observed variation in FDI. The model is estimated using data from a group of 35 middle-income countries from Latin America, Asia–Pacific, and Africa. The estimated results ascribe no significance to remittances in explaining cross-country variation in FDI. However, geographically-disaggregated estimated results do establish a positive effect for African countries, no significant effect for Latin American countries, and a negative effect for the Asia–Pacific region.

scholarly journals Sustainability and Society: Do Environmental, Social, and Governance Factors Matter for Foreign Direct Investment?

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6039
Author(s):  
Niranjan Chipalkatti ◽  
Quan Vu Le ◽  
Meenakshi Rishi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Sustainable investing allocates investments based on environmental, social and governance factors (ESG). The societal value of sustainable investment is becoming progressively relevant as investors are increasingly recognizing the importance of investing in companies that seek to combat climate change, environmental destruction, while promoting corporate responsibility. Environmental policy and sustainable growth initiatives at a country-level are also being influenced by the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Situated within the current trend of declining foreign direct investment flows (FDI), our study examines the role of ESG factors in attracting FDI and enabling progress toward SDGs. We econometrically examine the linkages between ESG and FDI inflows for a sample of 161 counties. We also focus on low- and middle-income emerging economies and low- and middle-income commodity exporters as these countries face unique challenges of mobilizing financing to achieve SDGs and generating sustainable economic growth. Results suggest that FDI inflows to the full sample of countries are positively attracted by good governance in a destination country. We observe that good scores on HDI deters FDI, that higher FDI flows are associated with higher levels of carbon emissions in the case of emerging markets. Sustainability reporting attracts FDI to commodity exporting countries. The study provides possibilities for future research in a post-pandemic future.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment and Extractive Institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Jack Bowness
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The People ◽  
Resource Sector ◽  
The Impact

There is a significant debate underway regarding the risks and rewards of foreign direct investment (FDI) for countries in the Global South. These discussions are particularly relevant to the people of Latin America, where the use of inward FDI as a mechanism to support economic development has had dramatic results, both positive and negative. One of the key works in the study of FDI is Robert I. Rotberg’s argument that FDI is critical to support the development of weak states; however, the applicability of this theory faces difficulty in the context of Latin America, where middle-income countries have extractive institutions (Rotberg, 2002). I use the cases of Mexico and Peru to demonstrate that for middle-income countries, extractive institutions can hamper the rewards of FDI and even exacerbate development problems or create new ones. In this regard, the sector of FDI will determine the nature of the impact. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the natural resource sector is prone to stimulating social conflict. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the manufacturing sector begets a situation of stagnated development, as the jobs that are introduced are of poor quality and low wages.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, IMPORTS AND TARIFF DEREGULATION ON EXPORTS AMONG PIONEERING ASEAN MEMBERS: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Asirvatham ◽  
Rajah Rasiah ◽  
Govindamal Thangiah ◽  
Navaz Naghav
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Rapid Pace

Following the successful development of the first-tier Newly Industrialized economies of South Korea and Taiwan, governments have gradually moved from import-substitution policies to export-led or export-led import substitution policies. The Association of Southeast Asian nations are no exception as the rapid pace of trade liberalization has been referred to as the prime driver of economic growth in these countries. While the industrial policies of these countries may not be as effective as those of the first-tier NIEs, the pioneering ASEAN members of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand have enjoyed rapid growth and structural change since the 1970s. Indeed, Singapore’s per capita income has remained higher than that of South Korea and Taiwan. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand became middle income countries by the turn of the millennium. Hence, using panel data over the period 1970-2015 this paper seeks to analyze the influence of foreign direct investment, imports and tariff deregulation on export growth among the five pioneering ASEAN members. The results show that open trade policies in general and increases in FDI, imports and tariff deregulations has helped the ASEAN-5 stimulate exports. Keywords: Exports; Foreign direct investment; Imports; Tariffs; ASEAN.

Returns to Health Spending in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijeoma Peace Edoka
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Burden Of Diseases ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionately high burden of diseases in comparison to high-income countries, partly due to inequalities in the distribution of resources for health. Recent increases in health spending in these countries demonstrate a commitment to tackling the high burden of disease. However, evidence on the extent to which increased spending on health translates to better population health outcomes has been inconclusive. Some studies have reported improvements in population health with an increase in health spending whereas others have either found no effect or very limited effect to justify increased financial allocations to health. Differences across studies may be explained by differences in approaches adopted in estimating returns to health spending in LMICs.

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