The “sophistication” of exports: A new trade measure

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjaya Lall ◽  
John Weiss ◽  
Jinkang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Trade Measure

scholarly journals Peculiarities of retaliation in WTO dispute settlement

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
KYM ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Wto Dispute Settlement ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade Retaliation ◽  
Trade Measure

The dispute resolution procedures of the World Trade Organization allow sanctions to be imposed when a country is unwilling to bring a WTO-inconsistent trade measure into conformity. Apart from the fact that the procedure for triggering the retaliation process has ambiguities that need to be removed, the retaliation itself has some undesirable economic features. This paper looks at why compensation is not preferred to retaliation and then examines five economic features of the temporary trade retaliation that WTO may permit under certain conditions. Both efficiency and equity concerns are raised. The paper concludes with some suggestions for reforming this part of WTO dispute resolution during the review of the Dispute Settlement Understanding that is due to be completed by May 2003.

Packaging Material Barriers Faced by Foods and Agricultural Products Export of China and Countermeasures

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 2335-2338
Author(s):  
Hong Ling Shao ◽  
Hai Xia Cui ◽  
Jian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade Measure

Foods and agricultural products safety problems caused by the packaging materials have attracted extensive attention all over the world and some developed countries take it as a technical trade measure to increase the threshold of foods and agricultural products import, which brings about great negative impact to the export countries. Based on the analysis of the packaging material barriers faced by foods and agricultural products export of China, this paper will put forward some countermeasures to break through the packaging material barriers of foreign countries.

Attitudes Towards Trade Measure

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Baron ◽  
Simon Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Trade Measure

New trade measure reflects EU's more defensive agenda

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Type ◽  
Trade Measure

Headline EU: Trade instrument reflects more defensive agenda

INCORPORATING PRICE-RELEVANT INFORMATION BETWEEN QUOTES AND TRADES: A NEW MEASURE OF THE EFFECTIVE BID-ASK SPREAD

1999 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 179-200
Author(s):  
SUNG-HUN KIM ◽  
JOSEPH P. OGDEN
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Price Effect ◽  
Bid Ask Spread ◽  
Trade Prices ◽  
Trade Measure ◽  
Trade Measures ◽  
Effective Spread

This paper provides a new measure of the effective bid-ask spread in a dealer-auction. Our measure differs from the "quote-to-trade" measures derived from direct comparisons of trade prices with bid and ask quotes by explicitly incorporating the price effect of information arriving between the time a set of quotes is posted and the next trade, which will tend to be reflected in the trade price but not in the quotes, as well as the price effect in the situation vice versa. For NYSE/AMEX stocks in 1993, our measure yields estimates of the effective spread that are lower than estimates obtained using the quote-to-trade measure, and our estimates are, on average, only 31 percent of the quoted spread. We also find a U-shaped intraday pattern for our estimates of effective spread that is consistent with, but is much more pronounced than, the pattern that has been observed in previous studies. We provide a conjecture as to why this pattern may be related to the U-shaped intraday pattern observed in volume and volatility.

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