scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and genotypic relatedness of environmental staphylococci in semi-extensive dairy farms

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Farias Marinho Monte ◽  
Wellington Dias Lopes Júnior ◽  
Melanie Abley ◽  
Wondwossen Abebe Gebreyes ◽  
Celso José Bruno de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Farms

scholarly journals Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Escherichia coli isolated from the water supply of smallholder dairy farms in Saraburi and Maha Sarakham, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Natapol Pumipuntu ◽  
Sangkom Pumipuntu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae ◽  
Smallholder Dairy Farms

Background and Aim: The problem of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria in both humans and animals is an important public health concern globally, which is likely to increase, including in Thailand, where carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), such as Escherichia coli, are of particular concern. They are pathogens found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other animals as well as in the environment. They may cause opportunistic infection and are often resistant to antibiotics in various fields especially in animal husbandry, such as pets or livestock farms. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of carbapenem-resistant E. coli from water samples of smallholder dairy farms in Saraburi and Maha Sarakham, Thailand. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four water samples were collected from 32 dairy farms in Kaeng Khoi district, Muak Lek district, and Wang Muang district of Saraburi Province, and Kantharawichai district and Mueang district of Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand. All samples were cultured and isolated for E. coli by biochemical tests. All E. coli isolates were tested for drug susceptibility using imipenem, meropenem, and drug resistance genes of carbapenemases such as blaNDM, blaIMP, and blaOXA48 of drug-resistant E. coli isolates detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: A total of 182 E. coli isolates were found (140 and 42 isolates from Saraburi and Maha Sarakham, respectively). Drug sensitivity tests found that two isolates of E. coli from water in Kaeng Khoi were resistant to imipenem; therefore, the incidence of E. coli resistance to carbapenem was 1.43% of Saraburi Province. On the other hand, there was no incidence of drug-resistant E. coli in Maha Sarakham. In addition, the detection of the drug-resistant gene of E. coli in both isolates by PCR showed the expression of blaNDM. Conclusion: This study reports E. coli resistance to antimicrobial drugs on livestock farms. It can be considered to be the first report of E. coli CRE detection in a dairy farm at Saraburi, which should be the subject of further extended study.

scholarly journals Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Cases of Clinical Bovine Mastitis on Large-Scale Chinese Dairy Farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangjun Liu ◽  
Luyao Tao ◽  
Jianji Li ◽  
Li Fang ◽  
Luying Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Tof Ms

Bovine mastitis is a prevalent disease that causes serious economic problems globally in the dairy industry. Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen of bovine mastitis. This study was conducted to characterize S. aureus isolates from clinical bovine mastitis cases in large-scale dairy herds in China. S. aureus was isolated from 624 clinical mastitis cases and confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In total, 62 S. aureus isolates were obtained. Cluster analysis, genetic diversity, quantification of biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance, and detection of virulence genes were performed on these isolates of S. aureus. Eight isolates harbored the mecA gene and were sensitive to oxacillin. MALDI-TOF MS cluster analysis revealed that the 62 isolates were divided into three major clusters (I, II, III) and eight main groups (A–H) at the distance level of 700. The agr II was the most prevalent (56.5%). The 62 S. aureus isolates were assigned to seven spa types. The most common spa type was t529(58.1%), followed by t2196 (14.5%), t518 (14.5%), t571(6.5%), t034 (3.2%), t2734 (1.6%), and t730 (1.6%). Five STs were identified from seven representative isolates as follows: ST630/CC8, ST97/CC97, ST50, ST398, and ST705. All isolates had the ability to form biofilm. Antimicrobial resistance was most frequently observed to ciprofloxacin (29%), followed by penicillin (24.2%), and streptomycin (9.6%). All isolates harbored the fnbA, clfB (100%), icaA, and icaD genes. This study provides the basis for the development of bovine mastitis prevention program on large-scale dairy farms.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profiles of common mastitis pathogens on Canadian dairy farms

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 4319-4332 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Saini ◽  
J.T. McClure ◽  
D. Léger ◽  
G.P. Keefe ◽  
D.T. Scholl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Antimicrobial Resistance and Class 1 Integrons in Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Dairy Farms

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelton E. Murinda ◽  
Paul D. Ebner ◽  
Lien T. Nguyen ◽  
Alan G. Mathew ◽  
Stephen P. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Class 1

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine subclinical mastitis in central Ethiopia revealed the presence of antimicrobial resistance and resistant genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiye Tesfaye Tegegne ◽  
Gezahegne Mamo ◽  
Hika Waktole ◽  
Gebrerufael Girmay
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the predominant causative agents of mastitis disease in dairy herds. Mastitis disease has a negative impact in the economic losses in the dairy sector across the globe. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and detect antimicrobial resistance genes in the Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk samples of subclinical bovine mastitis in Central Ethiopia.Methods: A total of 265 lactating dairy cows from various dairy farms in four different geographical locations were screened by California mastitis test (CMT) for bovine subclinical mastitis. One-hundred thirty CMT positive milk samples were collected and transported to laboratory. Different biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the identification of S. aureus isolates. Finally, phenotypic and genotypic methods were performed for detection of some antimicrobial resistance patterns and genes (mecA, ermA, ermC, and msrA), respectively. Results: From total of 265 lactating dairy cows screened, 49% (n=130) were positive for bovine subclinical mastitis. One-hundred thirty mastitic milk samples were subjected to bacterial culturing, one hundred (76%) S. aureus isolates were identified based on phenotypic characters. Sixty-eight confirmed S. aureus isolates were obtained using PCR. Of the sixty-eight isolates tested 12 samples were contained the methicillin resistance gene A (mecA). No amplification was observed for the erythromycin resistance genes (ermA, ermC, and msrA). Conclusion: The high resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to commonly used antimicrobials contribute in dairy farms may cause health problems in the community consuming raw milk purchased from these farms.

scholarly journals Aerobic Composting and Anaerobic Digestion Decrease the Copy Numbers of Antibiotic-Resistant Genes and the Levels of Lactose-Degrading Enterobacteriaceae in Dairy Farms in Hokkaido, Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Katada ◽  
Akira Fukuda ◽  
Chie Nakajima ◽  
Yasuhiko Suzuki ◽  
Takashi Azuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Aerobic Composting ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Dairy Cow Manure

Efficient methods for decreasing the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and transfer of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) from livestock manure to humans are urgently needed. Aerobic composting (AC) or anaerobic digestion (AD) are widely used for manure treatment in Japanese dairy farms. To clarify the effects of AC and AD on antimicrobial resistance, the abundances of antimicrobial (tetracycline and cefazolin)-resistant lactose-degrading Enterobacteriaceae as indicator bacteria, copy numbers of ARGs (tetracycline resistance genes and β-lactamase coding genes), and concentrations of residual antimicrobials in dairy cow manure were determined before and after treatment. The concentration of tetracycline/cefazolin-resistant lactose-degrading Enterobacteriaceae was decreased over 1,000-fold by both AC and AD. ARGs such as tetA, tetB, and blaTEM were frequently detected and their copy numbers were significantly reduced by ∼1,000-fold by AD but not by AC. However, several ARG copies remained even after AD treatment. Although concentrations of the majority of residual antimicrobials were decreased by both AC and AD, oxytetracycline level was not decreased after treatment in most cases. In addition, 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based metagenomic analysis revealed that both treatments changed the bacterial community structure. These results suggest that both AC and AD could suppress the transmission of ARB, and AD could reduce ARG copy numbers in dairy cow manure.

scholarly journals A Focus Group Study of Canadian Dairy Farmers' Attitudes and Social Referents on Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Cobo-Angel ◽  
Stephen J. LeBlanc ◽  
Steven M. Roche ◽  
Caroline Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Barriers To Change ◽  
Important Barrier ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Social Referents

As part of broader actions to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR), health authorities have promoted the reduction of antimicrobial use (AMU) in food animals. Farmers' attitudes and receptivity to reduction of AMU appear to be variable and context specific. Our research objectives were to gain insight into Canadian dairy farmers' attitudes toward AMU, AMR, and AMU-reduction in the dairy industry, and to explore drivers and barriers to change AMU, including the influence of social referents. We conducted seven focus groups with 42 farmers in two provinces of Canada (New Brunswick and Ontario) and used thematic analysis to identify, analyze, and report patterns in the data. Our results indicate that farmers usually rely on their previous experience and judgement of individual cases of disease when making decisions related to AMU. External referents included other farmers, family members, and veterinarians. However, veterinarians were generally only consulted for unusual cases. Participants in this study expressed that maintaining cattle welfare is their responsibility, and that they were not willing to jeopardize animal welfare in order to reduce AMU. In addition, farmers regarded the cost of investment in improved facilities to prevent disease as an important barrier to reduce AMU. Finally, the majority of participants considered themselves to be low users of antimicrobials and perceived a small role of AMU on dairy farms in AMR. In conclusion, farmers from this study showed self-reliance to decide about AMU on their farms and considered animal-related and economic factors in these decisions. There was a general lack of knowledge of how to reduce AMU without investing in facilities, and there is an opportunity to motivate increased involvement of the veterinarian in AMU-related decisions. These results should be considered to design and refine antimicrobial stewardship programs for dairy farms.

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