scholarly journals Urban spatial location advantage: The dual of the transportation problem and its implications for land-use and transport planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enda Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Transportation Problem ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Location Advantage

‘Motorways in London’ and Transport Planning

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Beesley
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Journey To Work

Motorways in London proposes a substantial reduction in the planned motorway network in London, and its redistribution away from the centre, but it is argued that the book does not justify its case by the measurements presented, and pays too little attention to amenities and compensation. The article is largely concerned with problems for transport planning arising from the book and the official transport and planning documents of 1968 and 1969. The latter's land use and transport model is criticised for its neglect of the economic implications of its ‘suppression’ of trips where networks are overloaded. The model parameters should be required to conform to observed distributions of journey lengths, especially those to work, based on workplace data and recognising the influences, inter alia, of variations in income and levels of skill. A key question in making present models better reflect the long-run interaction between transport and land use is predicting journey-to-work lengths. A model to explain their past change is proposed, based on Census data, measuring the effect of changes in job opportunities, housing demands, and population shifts.

Assessing the value and quality of German soils under agricultural use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Säurich ◽  
Holger Lilienthal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Soil Functions ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
High Soil ◽  
First Results ◽  
Agricultural Use

<p>Halting and reversing soil degradation as well as protection and sustainable use of soil as a resource are part of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Despite the vital significance and essential functions of soil, massive amounts of fertile soil worldwide are lost due to improper land use. In Germany, approximately 66 ha of soil are damaged partly or completely in their soil functions daily. The main issues are soil erosion, land area claims for housing estate and transportation, and pollution. Until now, precise spatial location and assessment of the loss of valuable soil in terms of fertility and productivity has not been quantifiable and therefore not controllable.</p><p>In the SOIL-DE project, indicators to evaluate the functionality, potential, intensity of use, and vulnerability of soils are developed in order to be able to assess the quality and value of soils, both in retrospective and under current agricultural use. The aim of this survey is (i) to detect the loss of land over the past ten years in high spatial accuracy, (ii) to determine the fertility of the soil and (iii) to identify risk areas, i.e. regions with particularly high soil loss rates and high soil profitability. The threat to soil, the fertility and impairment of soil functions by changes in land use, are to be recorded nationwide and statewide. Therefore, the evaluation of time series from satellite images is used in combination with official soil information at different spatial resolution, as well as digital elevation models and climatic data. In this study, different rating systems are investigated including e.g. the Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating (ZALF), biotic potential yield, resistance to erosion, filter, buffer and transformation function, and runoff regulation. First results will be presented.</p>

scholarly journals ON THE SUBMODULARITY OF THE PROFIT FUNCTION IN A PROBLEM OF TRANSPORT PLANNING

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Montlevic
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Problem ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Profit Function ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Maximum Profit

In this paper the possibility of using the method of successive calculations to solve the transportation problem on the maximum profit is investigated. The feature of this problem is that a set of consumers isn’t defined and gets out from wider set of possible consumers by the criterion of a maximum of profit. Profit is calculated on the basis of consumer demand and prices, which are determined by the contract between the consumer and the company carrying out transportation. It is shown that this problem is reduced to maximization of the profit function defined on the set of all subsets of consumers. The submodularity of profit function is proved, that justified application of method of successive calculations to solve this problem.

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