Production of biodiesel from castor oil using sub and supercritical ethanol: Effect of sodium hydroxide on the ethyl ester production

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie K. Rodríguez-Guerrero ◽  
Maciel Filho Rubens ◽  
Paulo T.V. Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Ethanol Effect ◽  
Supercritical Ethanol

Monomethyl β-Methylglutarate of New Synthetic Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Feng Wei He ◽  
Tong Liu ◽  
Ya Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Acid Ester ◽  
Glutaric Acid ◽  
Addition Reaction ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
High Yield

Malonate ethyl ester of butene in the presence of sodium hydroxide was synthesized by addition reaction of 2-methyl propane-1,1,3 tricarboxylic acid ester, by hydrolysis decarboxylation heatingβ-methyl glutaric acid. First with excess of methanol into methyl metaplasiaβ-methyl dimethyl glutarate, and then itsβ-methyl glutaric acid methylation, get high yield of monomethyl β-methylglutarate.

Catalytic in Situ Hydrogenolysis of Lignin in Supercritical Ethanol: Effect of Phenol, Catalysts, and Reaction Temperature

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 6867-6875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghao Zhou ◽  
Brajendra K Sharma ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Jun Ye ◽  
Junming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ethanol Effect ◽  
Supercritical Ethanol

THE HYDROGENOLYSIS OF 3-HYDROXYMETHYLINDOLE AND OTHER INDOLE DERIVATIVES WITH LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 775-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Leete ◽  
Léo Marion
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Lithium Aluminum Hydride ◽  
Aluminum Hydride ◽  
Reduction Product ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Lithium Aluminum ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
Alkyl Ethers

Indole-3-aldehyde, indole-3-carboxylic acid and its ethyl ester were reduced by excess lithium aluminum hydride to skatole. The expected reduction product, 3-hydroxymethylindole, was obtained by the action of sodium hydroxide on gramine methiodide. It and its alkyl ethers were readily reduced to skatole. 3-Hydroxymethylindole underwent self-condensation to 3,3′-di-indolylmethane in neutral and alkaline media, and with acidic reagents was converted to an oxygen-free polymeric substance. The mechanism of these reactions and of the hydrogenolysis is discussed

Transesterification of Castor Oil Using Ethanol: Effect of Water Removal by Adsorption onto Zeolite 3A

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1136-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica C. G. Albuquerque ◽  
Célio L. Cavalcante ◽  
A. Eurico B. Torres ◽  
Diana C. S. Azevedo ◽  
Expedito J. S. Parente
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Ethanol Effect

Vapor Pressure Data of Soybean Oil, Castor Oil, and Their Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester Derivatives

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papa M. Ndiaye ◽  
Frederico W. Tavares ◽  
Irede Dalmolin ◽  
Cláudio Dariva ◽  
Débora Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Vapor Pressure Data

Continuous synthesis of castor oil ethyl esters under supercritical ethanol

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Vieitez ◽  
María J. Pardo ◽  
Camila da Silva ◽  
Cristiane Bertoldi ◽  
Fernanda de Castilhos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Continuous Synthesis ◽  
Supercritical Ethanol

scholarly journals Transesterification of vegetable oil of higuerilla (ricinuscommunis l) for biofuel generation and cost determination

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Telly Yarita Macías Zambrano ◽  
Tanya Beatriz Bravo Mero ◽  
Verónica Dolores Palma Mendoz ◽  
Rosa Delfina Giler Giler
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Endemic Flora ◽  
Cost Determination

The limited use of natural resources that are possessed, which implies endemic flora (shrubs, herbs, etc.) and production waste ( leaf litter, various plant fibers, cattle manure, poultry, etc.), which are stacked for later burning and consequently causing pollution to the environment, are some of the problems that are generated at the farm level. The objective of the research was to generate biofuel derived from the mixture of methanol, sodium hydroxide and fig oil in the Mis 2 Principitos del Comuna El Limón farm, Portoviejo canton. Within the methodology to produce biodiesel or biofuel through the transesterification process, castor oil obtained from the fig seed, methanol (methyl alcohol) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) (acid or catalyst) were used. By means of the transesterification in which 0.001 m3 of castor oil, 0.0001 m3 of methanol and 0.01 Kg of potassium hydroxide were used under conditions of an approximate temperature of 60 ° C and 40 rpm of agitation in the stirrer plate, it resulted in 0.001 m3 of biodiesel. Biodiesel can be generated from fig or castor oil, taking advantage of a biomass energy source, which can be used in pump engines for irrigation in farms.

scholarly journals Quinolines from the cyclocondensation of isatoic anhydride with ethyl acetoacetate: preparation of ethyl 4-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline-3-carboxylate and derivatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 2529-2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas G Jentsch ◽  
Jared D Hume ◽  
Emily B Crull ◽  
Samer M Beauti ◽  
Amy H Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Acetoacetate ◽  
Hiv Integrase ◽  
Isatoic Anhydride ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acids ◽  
Substituted Quinolines ◽  
Anthranilic Acids ◽  
Hydroxyacetic Acid

A convenient two-step synthesis of ethyl 4-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline-3-carboxylate derivatives has been developed starting from commercially available 2-aminobenzoic acids. In step 1, the anthranilic acids are smoothly converted to isatoic anhydrides using solid triphosgene in THF. In step 2, the anhydride electrophiles are reacted with the sodium enolate of ethyl acetoacetate, generated from sodium hydroxide, in warm N,N-dimethylacetamide resulting in the formation of substituted quinolines. A degradation–build-up strategy of the ethyl ester at the 3-position allowed for the construction of the α-hydroxyacetic acid residue required for the synthesis of key arylquinolines involved in an HIV integrase project.

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