Catalytic in Situ Hydrogenolysis of Lignin in Supercritical Ethanol: Effect of Phenol, Catalysts, and Reaction Temperature

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 6867-6875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghao Zhou ◽  
Brajendra K Sharma ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Jun Ye ◽  
Junming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ethanol Effect ◽  
Supercritical Ethanol

scholarly journals Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin and Woody Biomass in Supercritical Ethanol: Influence of Reaction Temperature and Feedstock

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 10864-10874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Huang ◽  
Ceylanpinar Atay ◽  
Jiadong Zhu ◽  
Sanne W. L. Palstra ◽  
Tamás I. Korányi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Supercritical Ethanol

Hydro-liquefaction of rice stalk in supercritical ethanol with in situ generated hydrogen

2017 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rundong Li ◽  
Bingshuo Li ◽  
Xingping Kai ◽  
Tianhua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Ethanol

In-situ upgrading of bio-tar over Mg-Ni-Mo catalyst supported by KOH treated activated charcoal in supercritical ethanol

Fuel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 334-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hyuk Lee ◽  
In-Gu Lee ◽  
Ji-Yeon Park ◽  
Kwan-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Mo Catalyst ◽  
Supercritical Ethanol

scholarly journals C2-Alkylation of N-pyrimidylindole with vinylsilane via cobalt-catalyzed C–H bond activation

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1536-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Ding ◽  
Naohiko Yoshikai
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Cobalt Catalyst ◽  
Bond Activation

Direct C2-alkylation of an indole bearing a readily removable N-pyrimidyl group with a vinylsilane was achieved by using a cobalt catalyst generated in situ from CoBr2, bathocuproine, and cyclohexylmagnesium bromide. The reaction allows coupling between a series of N-pyrimidylindoles and vinylsilanes at a mild reaction temperature of 60 °C, affording the corresponding alkylated indoles in moderate to good yields.

Hydrogen Absorption over Li – Carbon Complexes

2002 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Z. Luo ◽  
P. Chen ◽  
Z.T. Xiong ◽  
K.L. Tan ◽  
J.Y. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Intercalation Compounds ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Remarkable Reduction

AbstractA remarkable reduction in reaction temperature was found for the hydrogenation of Li metal in Li-C mixture. H2 uptake started at 50°C, became vigorous at 150°C and slowed down at temperatures above 200°C. In-situ XRD characterizations revealed that Li-C intercalation compounds such as LiC6 and LiC12 existed in the Li-C samples, and LiH formed after the hydrogenation taking place. Increasing the carbon content in the Li-C mixture, from Li/C = 10:1 to 5:1 and then to 2:1, would enhance the reactivity of hydrogenation accordingly. Carbon nanotubes, with smaller size and larger specific area, showed even greater enhancement of the hydrogenation of lithium metal than graphite. The mechanism for the low temperature hydrogenation of Li-C samples was studied and discussed.

Properties of Polyaniline with the Doping of Different Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 502 ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Polyaniline(PANI) with the doping of hydrochloride(HC1), aminosulfonic acid (NH2SO3H) or dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid(DBSA) was prepared by in-situ polymerization. Effects of acid content, reaction time, oxidant ammonium persulfate (APS) dosage and reaction temperature on the conductivity of PANI were studied. The resistance and thermal stability of them were compared. Results show that the largest conductivity of HC1-PANI is 1.98 s.cm-1 among them in case the C(HC1)=0.5mol/L, reaction time is 6.0h, n(APS/aniline)=1.0; The conductivity of NH2SO3H-PANI is 0.2s.cm-1 in case the C(NH2SO3H)=1.0mol/L, reaction time is 6.0h, n(APS/aniline)=2.0; The conductivity of DBSA-PANI is 0.98s.cm-1 in case the C(DBSA)=1.0 mol/L, reaction time is 8.0h, n(APS/aniline) = 2.0. The the least resistance of HC1-PANI is 10Ω, and that of NH2SO3H- PANI is the largest of 120Ω. The order of their thermal stability is DBSA-PANI > NH2SO3H-PANI > HC1-PANI before 350°C, that of their thermal stability is inverse when it reaches 350°C.

scholarly journals In situ Generated Ru(0)-HRO@Na-β From Hydrous Ruthenium Oxide (HRO)/Na-β: An Energy-Efficient Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Sugars

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreedhar Gundekari ◽  
Heena Desai ◽  
Krishnan Ravi ◽  
Joyee Mitra ◽  
Kannan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Ruthenium Oxide ◽  
Green Process ◽  
Sugar Alcohols ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Hydrogenation Reactions

A green process for the hydrogenation of sugars to sugar alcohols was designed in aqueous medium using hydrous ruthenium oxide (HRO) as a pre-catalyst supported on Na-β zeolite. Under optimized reaction conditions, sugars such as xylose, glucose, and mannose converted completely to the corresponding sugar alcohols xylitol, sorbitol, and mannitol with 100% selectivity. The pre-catalyst (HRO) is converted in situ to active Ru(0) species during the reaction under H2, which is responsible for the hydrogenation. The catalyst was recyclable up to five cycles with no loss in activity. The reduction of HRO to the active Ru(0) species is dependent on the reaction temperature and H2 pressure. Ru(0) formation increased and consequently an increased hydrogenation of sugars was observed with an increase in reaction temperature and hydrogen pressure. Further, in situ generation of Ru(0) from HRO was assessed in different solvents such as water, methanol, and tetrahydrofuran; aqueous medium was found to be the most efficient in reducing HRO. This work further demonstrates the use of supported HRO as an efficient pre-catalyst for biomass-based hydrogenation reactions.

Study on Reaction Synthesis Mechanism of TiC-Al2O3 Particle Co-Reinforced Aluminum Based Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1754-1759
Author(s):  
Rui Ying Zhang ◽  
Zhi Ming Shi ◽  
Ri Chang Huo
Keyword(s):  
Shell Model ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Reaction Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Contact Reaction ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Reaction Behavior

TiC-Al2O3 particles were fabricated in situ by contact reaction（CR） in an Al–Ti2O–C system. The reaction behavior and formation path of Al2O3, TiC were investigated. Results show that the reaction temperature for the CR is higher than that for the directly sintering due to different thermal conductibility of mediums. The typical layered reaction products were observed. A proposed core–shell model explained the structure formation for the CR composites. Al3Ti and Al4C3 were suggested transition phases during the contact reaction process.

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