scholarly journals Ethical and Policy Issues in the Clinical Translation of Stem Cells: Report of a Focus Session at the ISSCR Tenth Annual Meeting

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Kato ◽  
Jonathan Kimmelman ◽  
Jason Robert ◽  
Douglas Sipp ◽  
Jeremy Sugarman
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Focus Session

scholarly journals Cell Therapy for Stroke: A Mechanistic Analysis

Neurosurgery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Jiahe Gu ◽  
David K Kung ◽  
Han-Chiao Isaac Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Cell Replacement ◽  
Preclinical Data ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Mechanistic Analysis

Abstract Cell therapy has been widely recognized as a promising strategy to enhance recovery in stroke survivors. However, despite an abundance of encouraging preclinical data, successful clinical translation remains elusive. As the field continues to advance, it is important to reexamine prior clinical trials in the context of their intended mechanisms, as this can inform future preclinical and translational efforts. In the present work, we review the major clinical trials of cell therapy for stroke and highlight a mechanistic shift between the earliest studies, which aimed to replace dead and damaged neurons, and later ones that focused on exploiting the various neuromodulatory effects afforded by stem cells. We discuss why both mechanisms are worth pursuing and emphasize the means through which cell replacement can still be achieved.

scholarly journals The Impact of Acquired Genetic Abnormalities on the Clinical Translation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3246
Author(s):  
Alexander Keller ◽  
Claudia Spits
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Copy Number Changes ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
The Impact

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) are known to acquire chromosomal abnormalities, which range from point mutations to large copy number changes, including full chromosome aneuploidy. These aberrations have a wide-ranging influence on the state of cells, in both the undifferentiated and differentiated state. Currently, very little is known on how these abnormalities will impact the clinical translation of hPSC, and particularly their potential to prime cells for oncogenic transformation. A further complication is that many of these abnormalities exist in a mosaic state in culture, which complicates their detection with conventional karyotyping methods. In this review we discuss current knowledge on how these aberrations influence the cell state and how this may impact the future of research and the cells’ clinical potential.

scholarly journals Small Extracellular Vesicles from Human Amniotic Fluid Samples as Promising Theranostics

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Ambra Costa ◽  
Rodolfo Quarto ◽  
Sveva Bollini
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Mesenchymal Progenitors ◽  
Models Of Disease

Since the first evidence that stem cells can provide pro-resolving effects via paracrine secretion of soluble factors, growing interest has been addressed to define the most ideal cell source for clinical translation. Leftover or clinical waste samples of human amniotic fluid obtained following prenatal screening, clinical intervention, or during scheduled caesarean section (C-section) delivery at term have been recently considered an appealing source of mesenchymal progenitors with peculiar regenerative capacity. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSC) have been demonstrated to support tissue recovery in several preclinical models of disease by exerting paracrine proliferative, anti-inflammatory and regenerative influence. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) concentrated from the hAFSC secretome (the total soluble trophic factors secreted in the cell-conditioned medium, hAFSC-CM) recapitulate most of the beneficial cell effects. Independent studies in preclinical models of either adult disorders or severe diseases in newborns have suggested a regenerative role of hAFSC-EVs. EVs can be eventually concentrated from amniotic fluid (hAF) to offer useful prenatal information, as recently suggested. In this review, we focus on the most significant aspects of EVs obtained from either hAFSC and hAF and consider the current challenges for their clinical translation, including isolation, characterization and quantification methods.

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