Stem Cells in the Face: Tooth Regeneration and Beyond

Quick absorption of adipose tissue grafts makes the outcomes less satisfactory for clinical applications. In the current study, adipose tissue grafts were mixed with adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) to improve retention of adipose tissue grafts and to make the clinical outcomes of fat grafting more reliable. Adipose tissue was either injected alone (conventional group) or mixed with ASCs (stem cell group) before injection. In both groups, adipose tissue was injected at the site of contour throughout layers of tissues till visual clinical symmetry with the opposite side was achieved. The volume of injected fat graft was measured after 72 hours and 6 months using a B-mode ultrasound device connected with a 12 MH frequency probe. The percentage reduction in the volume of injected fat, physician satisfaction scores (Ph-SCs), and patient satisfaction scores (P-SCs) were also recorded. After 6 months, there was significantly lower fat absorption in the stem cell group as compared to the conventional group. Mean physician and patient satisfaction scores were significantly improved in the stem cell group. No significant adverse effects were noted in any patient. Significantly lower absorption of graft due to the use of ASCs improves the clinical outcomes of conventional fat grafting for contour deformities of the face. The current preenrichment strategy is noninvasive, safe and can be applied to other diseases that require major tissue augmentation such as breast surgery. This trial is registered with NCT02494752.

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Regulation of epithelial stem cells in tooth regeneration

Comptes Rendus Biologies ◽

10.1016/j.crvi.2007.03.005 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 330 (6-7) ◽

pp. 561-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Irma Thesleff ◽

Xiu-Ping Wang ◽

Marika Suomalainen

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Tooth Regeneration ◽

Epithelial Stem Cells

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Dental stem cells for tooth regeneration and repair

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy ◽

10.1517/14712590903103795 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1143-1154 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Andrea Mantesso ◽

Paul Sharpe

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Tooth Regeneration ◽

Dental Stem Cells

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Tooth Formation: Are the Hardest Tissues of Human Body Hard to Regenerate?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21114031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 4031 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juliana Baranova ◽

Dominik Büchner ◽

Werner Götz ◽

Margit Schulze ◽

Edda Tobiasch

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Drug Release ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Tooth Germ ◽

Tooth Regeneration ◽

Dental Tissue ◽

Dental Tissues ◽

Regenerative Dentistry

With increasing life expectancy, demands for dental tissue and whole-tooth regeneration are becoming more significant. Despite great progress in medicine, including regenerative therapies, the complex structure of dental tissues introduces several challenges to the field of regenerative dentistry. Interdisciplinary efforts from cellular biologists, material scientists, and clinical odontologists are being made to establish strategies and find the solutions for dental tissue regeneration and/or whole-tooth regeneration. In recent years, many significant discoveries were done regarding signaling pathways and factors shaping calcified tissue genesis, including those of tooth. Novel biocompatible scaffolds and polymer-based drug release systems are under development and may soon result in clinically applicable biomaterials with the potential to modulate signaling cascades involved in dental tissue genesis and regeneration. Approaches for whole-tooth regeneration utilizing adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, or tooth germ cells transplantation are emerging as promising alternatives to overcome existing in vitro tissue generation hurdles. In this interdisciplinary review, most recent advances in cellular signaling guiding dental tissue genesis, novel functionalized scaffolds and drug release material, various odontogenic cell sources, and methods for tooth regeneration are discussed thus providing a multi-faceted, up-to-date, and illustrative overview on the tooth regeneration matter, alongside hints for future directions in the challenging field of regenerative dentistry.

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Regeneration of pulpo-dentinal–like complex by a group of unique multipotent CD24a+ stem cells

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.aay1514 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (15) ◽

pp. eaay1514 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hong Chen ◽

Huancheng Fu ◽

Xue Wu ◽

Yufeng Duan ◽

Sicheng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Transcriptional Factor ◽

Tooth Regeneration ◽

Spheroid Culture ◽

Multipotent Stem Cells ◽

Dental Papilla ◽

Bona Fide

Dental pulp is critical to maintain the vitality of a tooth. Regeneration of pulpo-dentinal complex is of great interest to treat pulpitis and pulp necrosis. In this study, through three-dimensional spheroid culture, a group of unique multipotent stem cells were identified from mouse dental papilla called multipotent dental pulp regenerative stem cells (MDPSCs). MDPSCs exhibited enhanced osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation capabilities and could form regenerative dentin and neurovascular-like structures that mimicked the native teeth in vivo. Further analysis revealed that CD24a was the bona fide marker for MDPSCs, and their expansion was highly dependent on the expression of a key transcriptional factor, Sp7. Last, CD24a+ cells could be detected in primary dental papilla in mice and human, suggesting that MDPSCs resided in their native niches. Together, our study has identified a previously unidentified group of multipotent pulp regenerative stem cells with defined molecular markers for the potential treatment of pulpitis and pulp necrosis.

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Regenerative Applications Using Tooth Derived Stem Cells in Other Than Tooth Regeneration: A Literature Review

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2016/9305986 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Yun-Jong Park ◽

Seunghee Cha ◽

Young-Seok Park

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽

Marrow Stromal Cells ◽

Tooth Regeneration ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Dental Stem Cells ◽

Original Function ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Promising Source

Tooth derived stem cells or dental stem cells are categorized according to the location from which they are isolated and represent a promising source of cells for regenerative medicine. Originally, as one kind of mesenchymal stem cells, they are considered an alternative of bone marrow stromal cells. They share many commonalties but maintain differences. Considering their original function in development and the homeostasis of tooth structures, many applications of these cells in dentistry have aimed at tooth structure regeneration; however, the application in other than tooth structures has been attempted extensively. The availability from discarded or removed teeth can be an innate benefit as a source of autologous cells. Their origin from the neural crest results in exploitation of neurological and numerous other applications. This review briefly highlights current and future perspectives of the regenerative applications of tooth derived stem cells in areas beyond tooth regeneration.

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