Effect of water stress on dry matter accumulation and partitioning in pot-grown olive trees (cv Leccino and Racioppella)

2013 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Di Vaio ◽  
Nadia Marallo ◽  
Giulia Marino ◽  
Tiziano Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Olive Trees

scholarly journals Effect of water supply on leaf area development, stomatal activity, transpiration, and dry matter production and distribution in young olive trees

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Gómez-del-Campo
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Conductance ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Area Development ◽  
Leaf Area Development

Two-year-old olive trees cv. Cornicabra, trained in a central leader form for hedgerow planting, were grown outdoors in 45-L weighing lysimeters to evaluate the effect of water supply on growth and development. Four treatments were established and maintained for 155 days during spring–autumn. Treatment T100 was irrigated to maintain the potting medium close to water-holding capacity by progressive replenishment of consumption that was measured at weekly intervals by weighing and recording drainage. Treatments T80, T60, and T40 received 80, 60, and 40%, respectively, of the water applied to T100. For these treatments, transpiration and leaf area were measured every fortnight. Dry matter in roots, stems, and leaves was measured at the beginning and end of the experiment. Leaf conductance was measured at 09 : 00 and 12 : 00 solar time every fortnight and at c. 2-hourly intervals throughout one day each month. Over the experimental period, T100 produced 0.42 ± 0.01 m2 leaf area, 319.6 ± 60.4 g dry biomass, and transpired 77.5 ± 1.1 L water. Water stress significantly reduced leaf area development and dry matter production (P < 0.05) in T60 and T40, but not in T80. There was no effect on dry matter partitioning to the various organs of the trees or the roots/aerial part ratio. Leaf conductance was more sensitive to water stress than vegetative growth, with significant differences (P < 0.05) established among treatments 3 weeks before differences were observed in transpiration. In autumn, transpiration and leaf conductance increased in all treatments independently of soil water status. Over the experiment, transpiration efficiency (TE, g/L) increased with reduced water supply, with a significant difference (P < 0.10) between T100 and both T60 and T40. The study has established that maximum growth of young olive plants can be achieved, without effect on the distribution of biomass between organs, at water supply less than that required to support maximum transpiration.

Growth and oil production of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) in the Ord Irrigation Area, Western Australia

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (85) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Beech
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Effect Of Water

Experiments with irrigated lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) have shown that high oil yields can be obtained in the Ord Irrigation area, Western Australia. The highest oil yield of 419 1 ha-1 over a 360 day period was obtained when the plants were cut at 60 day intervals and at a height of 20 cm. Longer intervals and higher cutting heights gave lower oil yields, although in some cases, fresh and dry matter yields were increased. Studies on the effect of water stress showed that time between irrigations in the dry season should not be more than ten days if oil yields are to be maintained. Wilting of cut lemongrass in the dry season was shown to result in a loss of oil, with losses increasing with the duration of wilting up to 11 hours. Under irrigated conditions, lemongrass removed large quantities of nutrients, particularly potassium. Over the 360 day period, maximum amounts of N, P and K removed were 186, 26 and 384 kg ha-1 respectively.

Fruit Growth and Dry Matter Accumulation in Grapefruit During Periods of Water Withholding and After Reirrigation

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cohen ◽  
A Goell
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Fresh Weight

Changes in volume, fresh weight and dry matter (DM) contents were followed in fruits from girdled and non-girdled branches borne on regularly irrigated (RI) as well as water-stressed (S) trees. Water stress was imposed by withholding irrigation for various periods. The results indicate that, even during prolonged periods of drought, DM accumulation in fruits on S trees was only slightly impaired, even when fruit volume growth was reduced to zero or even to shrinkage. After irrigation was resumed, fruits from S trees grew faster than those from RI trees, indicating that some of the DM which had accumulated was available for volume growth. The possibility of using the rate of DM accumulation in the fruit as an indicator for the timing of irrigation is discussed.

scholarly journals Alteration of dry matter accumulation under soil moisture fluctuation stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 757-763
Author(s):  
Cut Nur Ichsan ◽  
Bakhtiar Basyah ◽  
Sabaruddin Zakaria ◽  
Efendi Efendi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Root Depth ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Weight

Drought-flood abrupt alterations (DFAA) is a condition in drought season when sudden rain inundate rice plants. These events are due to the high frequency of extreme climate events that might pose a threat to rice productivity. DFAA causes cumulative stress on rice which affects crop growth and alters dry matter accumulation. This study aims to understand the effect of DFAA to dry matter accumulation by assessing six rice varieties under DFAA. Three treatments were provided such as continuously irrigated as non-water stress (NS) as a control; drought to water stress -35 kPa (DFAA1) followed by sudden flood; drought to severe water stress -70 kPa (DFAA2) followed by abrupt floods; repeated until harvest. The study found that the alteration of dry matter accumulation was determined by root length, root weight, shoot length and shoot weight. Only varieties that are able to increase root depth under water stress fluctuation will be able to maintain the yield. The results of study showed that root depth was positively correlated with shoot length (r = 0.68), shoot weight (r = 0.62), root weight (r = 0.57), percentage of filled grain (r = 0.55) and number of filled grain per hill (r = 0.49). Shoot length was positively correlated with shoot weight (r = 0.83), root weight (r = 0.75) and the number of filled grain (r = 0.62), while shoot weight was only positively correlated with root weight (r = 0.88). This means that only root depth and shoot length can increase the seed setting rate and the number of filled grains per hill. Furthermore, at DFAA2, the percentage of filled grain was highest in Sipulo followed by Bo Santeut, Sanbei, Towuti and Situ Patenggang, which mean that varieties with deeper and heavier root dry weight can maintain higher yields than shallow and low root dry weight. The result of the study may allow to select rice varieties that are resistant to multilevel water-stress and able to maintain the potential yield, by looking at root depth, root dry weight, and through their grain yield in general. These traits could become key indicators for resistance to DFAA stress in rice. It is also necessary to pay attention to the fluctuation of soil water content in critical phases, especially in the reproductive phase and grain filling

scholarly journals Yield Response of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes to Water Deficit Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Mimi ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
QA Khaliq ◽  
MA Baset Mia
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L

An experiment was carried out at research field of Agronomy, Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur from December 2013 to April 2014. Four soybean genotypes viz. i) G 00022 ii) Galarsum iii) BARI Soybean-5 and iv) G 00197 were grown in the field to evaluate the effects of water deficit stress on dry matter accumulation and yield. Plants were subjected to water stress that is irrigation was withdrawn at Blooming stage (R1) and Full Pod (R4 stages up to maturity. Dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components were reduced by the soil water deficit stress and reduction was higher at R1 stage than R4 stage of water stress. Among the genotypes, G 00022 showed the highest tolerance, while G 00197 was highly susceptible in all the water stress conditions. It was found that higher water deficit stress tolerance in G 00022 was associated with higher accumulation of leaf, stem, root and total dry matter under water stress condition.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016 19(2): 51-60

Effects of water stress on dry matter accumulation and translocation in winter wheat cultivars planted at different ages

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 943-950
Author(s):  
Ling HUANG ◽  
Yang GAO ◽  
Xin-Qiang LI ◽  
Xin-Qiang QIU ◽  
Xiao-Jun SHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Effects of water stress on dry matter content and partitioning in four grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.)

OENO One ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Gómez-del-Campo ◽  
Pilar Baeza ◽  
C. Ruiz ◽  
José Ramón Lissarrague
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Accumulation Pattern

<p style="text-align: justify;">Three-year-old grapevines of four cultivars (Garnacha tinta (Grenache noir), Tempranillo, Chardonnay and Airén) were grown on 35 L container under full irrigation and restricted irrigation conditions in order to determine the effect of water stress on carbohydrate allocation. Total grapevine dry matter was measured at pruning, fruitset, veraison and harvest. Roots, wood, shoots, leaves and clusters were dried separately. Shoots were the most affected organs by water stress, while wood was the least affected. Vines under water stress partitioned more dry matter to wood and roots to the detriment of fruits and shoots. The period from fruitset to veraison was the most active for dry matter accumulation under conditions of stress, whereas non-water stressed vines accumulated more dry matter from veraison to harvest. Under both irrigation treatments, fruits competed with roots for dry matter partitioning. Irrigation treatment and cultivar determined fruit size. Fruit size determined dry matter partitioning between organs and the dry matter accumulation pattern.</p>

scholarly journals Germination and tolerance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivars to water stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanoela P. de Paiva ◽  
Francisco V. da S. Sá ◽  
Salvador B. Torres ◽  
Marcos E. B. Brito ◽  
Romulo C. L. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of cowpea cultivars to water stress, during seed germination and seedling establishment. For this, a completely randomized experimental design was used in a factorial scheme consisting of nine cultivars of cowpea (BRS Guariba, BRS Potengi, BRS Itaim, BRS 17 Gurguéia, BRS Aracê, Paulistinha, Maratanã, Costela-de-Vaca and Canapu-Branco) and two levels of osmotic potential induced by PEG 6000 (0.0 MPa (control) and -0.4 MPa) in four replicates of 50 seeds. The variables analysed were germination, germination first count, root and shoot lengths, and dry matter accumulation of shoots and roots. The dissimilarity between the genotypes was also determined by Euclidean distance. Germination and initial development of cowpea cultivars are impaired by the reduction in the potential to -0.4 MPa. The cultivars BRS Guariba, BRS Aracê, Paulistinha and Canapu-Branco are the most tolerant to water stress, while BRS Potengi, BRS Itaim, BRS 17 Gurguéia, BRS Maratanã and Costela-de-Vaca are the most sensitive in the early development stage.

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