In vitro induced tetraploid of Dendranthema nankingense (Nakai) Tzvel. shows an improved level of abiotic stress tolerance

2011 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Liu ◽  
Sumei Chen ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Zhiyong Guan ◽  
Dongmei Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance

scholarly journals The effect of acquired triazole resistance on abiotic stress tolerance and virulence in Candida auris micro evolved strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Bohner ◽  
Csaba Papp ◽  
Mónika Varga ◽  
András Szekeres ◽  
Renáta Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Resistance ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Fungal Burden ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
The Impact

Recently, C. auris become one of the most prominent members of the genus Candida. Since its occurrence, several C. auris outbreaks have been reported worldwide. These outbreaks were associated with isolates displaying decreased susceptibility towards fluconazole, the first-line agent for prophylaxis. Fluconazole is the most frequently used antifungal drug to treat bloodstream Candida infections. The physiological effects of acquired antifungal resistance was investigated in this species using fluconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole resistant mutant strains generated by the in vitro microevolution method. Alterations in antifungal susceptibility and cross resistance were determined by the microdilution method, utilizing azoles (fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole), echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin) and a polyene (amphotericin B). Changes in the abiotic stress tolerance was examined by spotting assay, using osmotic stressors, cell wall perturbants and a membrane detergent. To evaluate the impact of the acquired resistance on sterol biosynthesis, ergosterol composition of all generated mutant strains were examined. A potential relationship between virulence and acquired antifungal resistance was also studied both in vitro and in vivo. Phagocytosis of the generated strains by J774.2 mouse macrophage-like cells was measured and analyzed by flow cytometry. In the murine infection model fungal burden of the triazole evolved strains was determined in spleen, kidney, liver and brain and compared to the fungal burden associated with the initial azole susceptible strain. Significant differences in virulence of the initial and the generated strains was observed suggesting a potential connection between the virulence and antifungal susceptibility of the emerging fungal pathogen, C. auris.

High doses of melatonin confer abiotic stress tolerance to phytopathogenic fungi grown in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Andrew Pio Madigan ◽  
Christopher Harris ◽  
Frank Bedon ◽  
Ashley E Franks ◽  
Kim M Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
High Concentrations

Melatonin is a secondary metabolite produced in all domains of life. Exogenous melatonin triggers defence mechanisms in plants that enhance abiotic stress tolerance. However, knowledge regarding the role of melatonin as a signal or an antioxidant in microbes is lacking. We investigated the in vitro growth responses of three phytopathogenic fungi, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum, to abiotic stress (2.5% ethanol with/without cold priming) under varying concentrations of melatonin. Melatonin at high concentrations (1000 – 2000 µM) partially restored fungal growth under stress, compared to controls, suggesting a role for melatonin in alleviating the impacts of stress exposure. Understanding how melatonin impacts fungal growth during stress conditions will be important for future applications using melatonin as a tool for crop protection.

scholarly journals Differential expression of genes in response to salinity stress in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Viviana Jaramillo ◽  
Carlos Vintimilla ◽  
Andrés F. Torres ◽  
Venancio Arahana ◽  
María de Lourdes Torres
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Differential Display ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Differential Display Analysis ◽  
Solanum Betaceum ◽  
Tree Tomato

The Andean “tree tomato” (Solanum betaceum) is an exotic fruit crop endemic to the high Andes, but principally cultivated in Colombia, Peru and Ecuador. The species displays broad agro-ecological adaptability and has proven resilient to different marginality factors, including high soil-salinity. This study presents a preliminary exploration of the genetic mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance in S. betaceum. To this end, we selected two S. betaceum genotypes contrasting in their ability to tolerate high salinity in vitro, and used differential display analysis to compare overall differences in gene expression between salinity-stressed and unstressed (control) plants in both genotypes. Overall, 171 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were identified; 30 of which showed homology with candidate genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance in different species. These were ascribed putative roles in stressresponse, photosynthesis, cellular metabolism and cell wall metabolism. Several identified DETs (22 in total) also showed homology to proteins of unknown function. These sequences warrant further research for potentially novel abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms. Despite its inherent limitations, differential display analysis allowed us to identify and validate (via RT-qPCR) 3 salinity-stress induced DETs. Prospectively, expanding our analyses via the validation of additional DETs would likely contribute to the identification of genes which can be used as proxies for a better understanding of the regulatory, metabolic and physiological mechanisms used by S. betaceum to respond and adapt to salinity stress.

Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPK) in Abiotic Stress Tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant B Kardile ◽  
◽  
Vikrant ◽  
Nirmal Kant Sharma ◽  
Ankita Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Calcium Dependent Protein Kinases

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the PDI Gene Family Reveals Their Probable Involvement in Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Antt Htet Wai ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
A B M Mahbub Morshed Khan ◽  
Ujjal Kumar Nath ◽  
Do Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Protein Disulfide

Protein disulfide isomerases (PDI) and PDI-like proteins catalyze the formation and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds in the endoplasmic reticulum and prevent the buildup of misfolded proteins under abiotic stress conditions. In the present study, we conducted the first comprehensive genome-wide exploration of the PDI gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). We identified 19 tomato PDI genes that were unevenly distributed on 8 of the 12 tomato chromosomes, with segmental duplications detected for 3 paralogous gene pairs. Expression profiling of the PDI genes revealed that most of them were differentially expressed across different organs and developmental stages of the fruit. Furthermore, most of the PDI genes were highly induced by heat, salt, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments, while relatively few of the genes were induced by cold and nutrient and water deficit (NWD) stresses. The predominant expression of SlPDI1-1, SlPDI1-3, SlPDI1-4, SlPDI2-1, SlPDI4-1, and SlPDI5-1 in response to abiotic stress and ABA treatment suggested they play regulatory roles in abiotic stress tolerance in tomato in an ABA-dependent manner. Our results provide new insight into the structure and function of PDI genes and will be helpful for the selection of candidate genes involved in fruit development and abiotic stress tolerance in tomato.

scholarly journals Citric Acid-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7235
Author(s):  
Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif ◽  
Mst. Ishrat Zahan ◽  
Md. Masudul Karim ◽  
Shahin Imran ◽  
Charles T. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Physiological Outcomes

Several recent studies have shown that citric acid/citrate (CA) can confer abiotic stress tolerance to plants. Exogenous CA application leads to improved growth and yield in crop plants under various abiotic stress conditions. Improved physiological outcomes are associated with higher photosynthetic rates, reduced reactive oxygen species, and better osmoregulation. Application of CA also induces antioxidant defense systems, promotes increased chlorophyll content, and affects secondary metabolism to limit plant growth restrictions under stress. In particular, CA has a major impact on relieving heavy metal stress by promoting precipitation, chelation, and sequestration of metal ions. This review summarizes the mechanisms that mediate CA-regulated changes in plants, primarily CA’s involvement in the control of physiological and molecular processes in plants under abiotic stress conditions. We also review genetic engineering strategies for CA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance. Finally, we propose a model to explain how CA’s position in complex metabolic networks involving the biosynthesis of phytohormones, amino acids, signaling molecules, and other secondary metabolites could explain some of its abiotic stress-ameliorating properties. This review summarizes our current understanding of CA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance and highlights areas where additional research is needed.

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