High frequency multiplication of Phalaenopsis gigantea using trimmed bases protocorms technique

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosmah Murdad ◽  
Kuik Sok Hwa ◽  
Choo Khen Seng ◽  
Mariam Abd. Latip ◽  
Zaleha Abdul Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Multiplication

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Optical Frequency Multiplication Based Bi-Directional Rof using FPI

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-448
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Optical Frequency ◽  
Frequency Multiplication ◽  
Radio Signals ◽  
Optical Frequency Multiplication

A cost-effective novel method, Optical Frequency Multiplication using a Fabry Parot Interferometer (FPI), is demonstrated with Optisystem for generating micro/ millimeter signals optically and distributed to several remote located base stations. The simulation results show that the relative strength and frequency of the harmonics is strongly dependent on sweep frequency, FSR, Frequency Deviation and FM index. It is observed that optical uplifting of 150 Mbps AM radio signals to 11.8, 17.8 and 23.8 GHz frequencies corresponding to 4th, 6th and 8 th harmonic after transmission in optical downlink with the power level of 10 dbm, -10 dbm and -20 dbm respectively. Similarly, ASK data is recovered from the 4th harmonic of 12 GHz. To down-convert the uplink AM-RF signal of 5.8 GHz to a low IF of 200 MHz, 6 GHz high-frequency carrier generated by OFM is used, which is then sent back to the Central Station. QAM data at 550 MHz subcarrier is also recovered at CS successfully from 4th harmonic. Hence, the OFM system is used successfully for multiple functions concurrently, such as high-frequency-carrier-generation, optical signal transportation, frequency up-conversion, and bi-directional data transmission through generated harmonics.

Photonic generation of microwave binary modulation signals with high frequency multiplication factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 443 ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Wang ◽  
Shanghong Zhao ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Multiplication ◽  
Binary Modulation ◽  
Photonic Generation

Approach to Generate High-frequency Microwave Signal with Frequency Multiplication Factor Tunability by Using Cascaded Mach-Zehnder Modulators

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 307002
Author(s):  
丛雯珊 CONG Wen-shan ◽  
余岚 YU Lan ◽  
沃江海 WO Jiang-hai ◽  
王亚兰 WANG Ya-lan ◽  
王安乐 WANG An-le
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Microwave Signal ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Frequency Multiplication ◽  
High Frequency Microwave

scholarly journals Holographic measurement of surface acoustic wave parameters in crystals

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Michael E. Gusev ◽  
Yuri N. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Holographic Interferometry ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Frequency Multiplication ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Specialized Technique ◽  
Holographic Measurement

The theoretical basis of a specialized technique for applying digital holographic interferometry to measure the parameters of surface acoustic waves is presented, a measuring system for visualization and quantitative analysis of the parameters of ultralow-amplitude high-frequency oscillations arising in electronic devices using surface acoustic waves is developed, and experimental results of the study of surface acoustic waves in crystals of lithium niobate are obtained. In this case, to ensure the possibility of recording precision double-exposure interferograms of high-frequency surface acoustic waves, a picosecond pulsed laser with two-stage frequency multiplication was used as a radiation source, and to increase the spatial resolution of the system with the possibility of observing a wide field of view, an adjustable optical zoom of the incoming image was applied to the matrix input (based on charge-coupled devices) of the recording camera and digital zoom was used for obtained interferogram. We achieved the measuring sensitivity of the surface acoustic waves amplitude and spatial-temporal resolution allowing visualization and measurement of surface acoustic waves with amplitudes of the order of 1 nm and frequencies of the order of 10 MHz, which is far beyond the capabilities of standard methods of holographic interferometry.

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