Neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging of the substantia nigra in first episode psychosis patients consumers of illicit substances

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 620-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Tavares ◽  
Sofia Reimão ◽  
Inês Chendo ◽  
Miguel Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Illicit Substances

scholarly journals Clinical utility of magnetic resonance imaging in first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 211 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Falkenberg ◽  
Stefania Benetti ◽  
Marie Raffin ◽  
Phillipe Wuyts ◽  
William Pettersson-Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Mri Scans

BackgroundThere is no consensus as to whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be used as part of the initial clinical evaluation of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP).Aims(a) To assess the logistical feasibility of routine MRI; (b) to define the clinical significance of radiological abnormalities in patients with FEP.MethodRadiological reports from MRI scans of two FEP samples were reviewed; one comprised 108 patients and 98 healthy controls recruited to a research study and the other comprised 241 patients scanned at initial clinical presentation plus 66 healthy controls.ResultsIn the great majority of patients, MRI was logistically feasible. Radiological abnormalities were reported in 6% of the research sample and in 15% of the clinical sample (odds ratio (OR) = 3.1, 95% CI 1.26–7.57, χ2(1) = 6.63, P = 0.01). None of the findings necessitated a change in clinical management.ConclusionsRates of neuroradiological abnormalities in FEP are likely to be underestimated in research samples that often exclude patients with organic abnormalities. However, the majority of findings do not require intervention.

scholarly journals The clinical utility of structural neuroimaging in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1093-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Forbes ◽  
Denes Stefler ◽  
Dennis Velakoulis ◽  
Stephen Stuckey ◽  
Jean-Francois Trudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Background: Australian and US guidelines recommend routine brain imaging, either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, to exclude structural lesions in presentations for first-episode psychosis. The aim of this review was to examine the evidence for the appropriateness and clinical utility of this recommendation by assessing the frequency of abnormal radiological findings in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans among patients with first-episode psychosis. Methods: PubMed and Embase database were searched from inception to April 2018 using appropriate MeSH or Emtree terms. Studies were included in the review if they reported data on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scan findings of individuals with first-episode psychosis. No restriction on the geographical location of the study or the age of participants was applied. We calculated the percentage of abnormal radiological findings in each study, separately by the two diagnostic methods. Results: There were 16 suitable studies published between 1988 and 2017, reporting data on an overall 2312 patients with first-episode psychosis. Most were observational studies with a retrospective design and the majority examined patients with computed tomography. While structural abnormalities were a relatively common finding, these rarely required clinical intervention (range across studies: 0–60.7%; median: 3.5%) and were very rarely the cause of the psychotic symptoms (range: 0–3.3%; median: 0%). Only 2 of the 16 studies concluded that brain imaging should be routinely ordered in first-episode psychosis. Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to suggest that brain imaging should be routinely ordered for patients presenting with first-episode psychosis without associated neurological or cognitive impairment. The appropriate screening procedure for structural brain lesions is conventional history-taking, mental status and neurological examination. If intracranial pathology is suspected clinically, a magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan should be performed depending on the clinical signs, the acuity and the suspected pathology. National guidelines should reflect evidence-based data.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thalamus in First-Episode Psychosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Ettinger ◽  
Xavier A. Chitnis ◽  
Veena Kumari ◽  
Dominic G. Fannon ◽  
Alex L. Sumich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Magnetic resonance imaging correlates of prepulse inhibition in first episode psychosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Ettinger ◽  
V. Kumari ◽  
X.A. Chitnis ◽  
A.L. Sumich ◽  
D.G. Fannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Prepulse Inhibition ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Prefrontal cortical thickness in first-episode psychosis: a magnetic resonance imaging study

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C Wiegand ◽  
Simon K Warfield ◽  
James J Levitt ◽  
Yoshio Hirayasu ◽  
Dean F Salisbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prefrontal Cortical ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Longitudinal studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos González-Vivas ◽  
Pau Soldevila-Matías ◽  
Olga Sparano ◽  
Gracián García-Martí ◽  
Luís Martí-Bonmatí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Episode Psychosis

AbstractBackground:Little is known about changes in brain functioning after first-episode psychosis (FEP). Such knowledge is important for predicting the course of disease and adapting interventions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging has become a promising tool for exploring brain function at the time of symptom onset and at follow-up.Method:A systematic review of longitudinal fMRI studies with FEP patients according to PRISMA guidelines. Resting-state and task-activated studies were considered together.Results:Eleven studies were included. These reported on a total of 236 FEP patients were evaluated by two fMRI scans and clinical assessments. Five studies found hypoactivation at baseline in prefrontal cortex areas, two studies found hypoactivation in the amygdala and hippocampus, and three others found hypoactivation in the basal ganglia. Other hypoactivated areas were the anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus and posterior cingulate cortex. Ten out of eleven studies reported (partial) normalization by increased activation after antipsychotic treatment. A minority of studies observed hyperactivation at baseline.Conclusions:This review of longitudinal FEP samples studies reveals a pattern of predominantly hypoactivation in several brain areas at baseline that may normalize to a certain extent after treatment. The results should be interpreted with caution given the small number of studies and their methodological and clinical heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging in first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 211 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-250
Author(s):  
Maurits van den Noort ◽  
Peggy Bosch ◽  
Sabina Lim ◽  
Daniela Litscher ◽  
Gerhard Litscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Episode Psychosis
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