International trade logistics costs in South Africa: Informing the port reform agenda

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Havenga ◽  
Zane Simpson ◽  
Leila Goedhals-Gerber
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Port Reform

scholarly journals Contaminant organisms recorded on plant product imports to South Africa 1994–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davina L. Saccaggi ◽  
Melanie Arendse ◽  
John R. U. Wilson ◽  
John S. Terblanche
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
International Trade ◽  
South African ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Plant Product ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Multiple Contaminants ◽  
Propagation Material

AbstractBiosecurity interception records are crucial data underlying efforts to predict and manage pest and pathogen introductions. Here we present a dataset containing information on imported plant products inspected by the South African Department of Agriculture’s laboratories between 1994 and 2019 and the contaminant organisms found on them. Samples were received from border inspectors as either propagation material (e.g. plants) or material for immediate use (e.g. fruit). Material for immediate use was further divided into two sample categories, depending on if contaminants were seen/suspected by the border official or not: intervention or audit samples. The final dataset consists of 25,279 records, of which 30% tested positive (i.e. had at least one contaminant) and 13% had multiple contaminants. Of the 13,731 recorded contaminants, fungi (41%), mites (37%) and insects (19%) were most common. This dataset provides insight into the suite of taxa transported along the plant import pathway and provides an important resource for analyses of contaminant organisms in international trade, which can inform strategies for risk assessment, pathway management and biosecurity protocols.

scholarly journals Reptiles sold as traditional medicine in Xipamanine and Xiquelene Markets (Maputo, Mozambique)

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 112 (Number 7/8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivienne L. Williams ◽  
Thibedi J. Moshoeu ◽  
Graham J. Alexander ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Reptile Species

Abstract Zootherapy plays a role in healing practices in Mozambican society. Although several studies have focused on ethnobotany and traditional medicine in the country, little research has been conducted on the use of reptiles in zootherapy. The aim of this study was therefore to fill this gap by assessing the reptile species traded for traditional medicine in the Xipamanine and Xiquelene Markets in Maputo, Mozambique. We found that few reptile species are traded domestically for traditional medicine and that their use appears to be in decline in Mozambique. Our findings also suggest that the domestic trade of reptiles for traditional medicines in Maputo markets is unlikely to have a significant impact on the conservation of reptiles in Mozambique. However, we suggest that international trade with South Africa is likely having a larger impact, given observations of Mozambican nationals selling a diverse range of fauna in urban traditional medicine markets in Johannesburg and Durban.

scholarly journals Using drones and sirens to elicit avoidance behaviour in white rhinoceros as an anti-poaching tactic

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1907) ◽  
pp. 20191135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. Penny ◽  
Rachel L. White ◽  
Dawn M. Scott ◽  
Lynne MacTavish ◽  
Angelo P. Pernetta
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Avoidance Behaviour ◽  
Transmission Range ◽  
White Rhinoceros ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
Turtle Dove ◽  
Low Altitude

Poaching fuelled by international trade in horn caused the deaths of over 1000 African rhinoceros ( Ceratotherium simum and Diceros bicornis ) per year between 2013 and 2017. Deterrents, which act to establish avoidance behaviours in animals, have the potential to aid anti-poaching efforts by moving at-risk rhinos away from areas of danger (e.g. near perimeter fences). To evaluate the efficacy of deterrents, we exposed a population of southern white rhinos ( C. simum simum ) to acoustic- (honeybee, siren, turtle dove), olfactory- (chilli, sunflower), and drone-based stimuli on a game reserve in South Africa. We exposed rhinos to each stimulus up to four times. Stimuli were considered effective deterrents if they repeatedly elicited avoidance behaviour (locomotion away from the deterrent). Rhinos travelled significantly further in response to the siren than to the honeybee or turtle dove stimulus, and to low-altitude drone flights than to higher altitude flights. We found the drone to be superior at manipulating rhino movement than the siren owing to its longer transmission range and capability of pursuit. By contrast, the scent stimuli were ineffective at inciting avoidance behaviour. Our findings indicate that deterrents are a prospective low-cost and in situ method to manage rhino movement in game reserves.

Risk analysis and international trade principles applied to the importation into Canada of caprine embryos from South Africa

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. EVANS ◽  
A. FAUL ◽  
A. BIELANSKI ◽  
S.A. RENWICK ◽  
I. VAN DERLINDEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Risk Analysis

scholarly journals Europe-Afrique : des acteurs en quête de scénarios

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Bach
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Black Africa ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

With the marginalization of Africa in international trade, previous models for operationalizing relations with Europe have become obsolete. There is increasingly a trend towards uncoupling between North Africa, the Republic of South Africa, and Black Africa. North Africa has broken away to the point of regarding itself as a hinterland of Europe. South Africa is likely to become both a crossroads and a transit point in trade between Europe, Africa, and the Pacific region. In Black Africa, the only current scenarios for reconnection with the rest of the world seem to amount to pointing out this subregion's capability to do harm if it were ever abandoned.

scholarly journals Global economic recessions and the maritime industry 1980-2009 Impact on South African shipping 2000-2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lunga Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
South African ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Recessions

The maritime industry is the major enabler of international trade. Major economic events in the international arena such as global recessions affect world trade and therefore the maritime industry as well. South Africa imports and exports major commodities and products therefore such events will also affect the country's economy. This paper explores how different industries within the South African maritime industry have been affected by global economic recessions. As some of them are of great significance to the country's economy, it is imperative to look at how these industries are affected so as to be able to see the national impact.

Securities and Capital Markets Regulation in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-99
Author(s):  
C. King Chanetsa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Securities Regulation ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
The World ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

AbstractAn effective securities and capital markets industry has existed in South Africa for over 120 years. The regulatory authorities have been alive to globally competitive pressures for inward investment and have endeavoured to implement a conducive environment therefore in compliance with international standards. As recently as 2015, South Africa was considered the best regulator of securities in the world. The effects of the global financial crisis (GFC) were keenly observed. The fall out from the GFC contained lessons for all markets, but not to the same extent. Commentators may therefore regard aspects of the South African reform agenda as replicative of initiatives in other jurisdictions and, consequently, uncritical in parts. In light of the fall to forty sixth place in the world in securities regulation ranking and some uncertainty in respect of the extent and shape of the reform process, this opus reviews activities in South Africa along the busy securities and capital markets value chain, and considers the continuing and emerging regulatory and supervisory framework.

scholarly journals Learning via problem solving in mathematics education

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-318
Author(s):  
Piet Human
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Classroom Practices ◽  
Mathematical Discourse ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Mathematics Educators ◽  
Expository Teaching ◽  
Modern Mathematics

Three forms of mathematics education at school level are distinguished: direct expository teaching with an emphasis on procedures, with the expectation that learners will at some later stage make logical and functional sense of what they have learnt and practised (the prevalent form), mathematically rigorous teaching in terms of fundamental mathematical concepts, as in the so-called “modern mathematics” programmes of the sixties, teaching and learning in the context of engaging with meaningful problems and focused both on learning to become good problem solvers (teaching for problem solving) andutilising problems as vehicles for the development of mathematical knowledge andproficiency by learners (problem-centred learning), in conjunction with substantialteacher-led social interaction and mathematical discourse in classrooms.Direct expository teaching of mathematical procedures dominated in school systems after World War II, and was augmented by the “modern mathematics” movement in the period 1960-1970. The latter was experienced as a major failure, and was soon abandoned. Persistent poor outcomes of direct expository procedural teaching of mathematics for the majority of learners, as are still being experienced in South Africa, triggered a world-wide movement promoting teaching mathematics for and via problem solving in the seventies and eighties of the previous century. This movement took the form of a variety of curriculum experiments in which problem solving was the dominant classroom activity, mainly in the USA, Netherlands, France and South Africa. While initially focusing on basic arithmetic (computation with whole numbers) and elementary calculus, the problem-solving movement started to address other mathematical topics (for example, elementary statistics, algebra, differential equations) around the turn of the century. The movement also spread rapidly to other countries, including Japan, Singapore and Australia. Parallel with the problem-solving movement, over the last twenty years, mathematics educators around the world started increasingly to appreciate the role of social interaction and mathematical discourse in classrooms, and to take into consideration the infl uence of the social, socio-mathematical and mathematical norms established in classrooms. This shift away from an emphasis on individualised instruction towards classroom practices characterised by rich and focused social interaction orchestrated by the teacher, became the second element, next to problem-solving, of what is now known as the “reform agenda”. Learning and teaching by means of problem-solving in a socially-interactive classroom, with a strong demand for conceptual understanding, is radically different from traditional expository teaching. However, contrary to commonly-held misunderstandings, it requires substantial teacher involvement. It also requires teachers to assume a much higher level of responsibility for the extent and quality of learning than that which teachers tended to assume traditionally. Over the last 10 years, teaching for and via problem solving has become entrenched in the national mathematics curriculum statements of many countries, and programs have been launched to induce and support teachers to implement it. Actual implementation of the “reform agenda” in classrooms is, however, still limited. The limited implementation is ascribed to a number of factors, including the failure of assessment practices to accommodate problem solving and higher levels of understanding that may be facilitated by teaching via problem solving, lack of clarity about what teaching for and via problem solving may actually mean in practice, and limited mathematical expertise of teachers. Some leading mathematics educators (for example, Schoenfeld, Stigler and Hiebert) believe that the reform agenda specifi es classroom practices that are fundamentally foreign to culturally embedded pedagogical traditions, and hence that adoption of the reform agenda will of necessity be slow and will require more substantial professional development and support programs than those currently provided to teachers in most countries.Notwithstanding the challenges posed by implementation, the movement towards infusing mathematics education with a pronounced emphasis on problem solving both as an outcome and as a vehicle for learning seems to be unabated. Substantial work on the development of more effective means for professional development and support of teachers is currently being done.

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