SMOSREX: A long term field campaign experiment for soil moisture and land surface processes remote sensing

2006 ◽  
Vol 102 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia de Rosnay ◽  
Jean-Christophe Calvet ◽  
Yann Kerr ◽  
Jean-Pierre Wigneron ◽  
François Lemaître ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Land Surface Processes ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
Term Field

A LONG TERM FIELD EXPERIMENT FOR RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND LAND SURFACE PROCESSES REMOTE SENSING

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Hui LU ◽  
Toshio KOIKE ◽  
Hiroyuki TSUTSUI ◽  
David Ndegwa KURIA ◽  
Tobias GRAF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Term Field

The use of multi-tracer flask-measurements to understand changes in the land-surface processes.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theertha Kariyathan ◽  
Wouter Peters ◽  
Julia Marshall ◽  
Ana Bastos ◽  
Markus Reichstein
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Terrestrial Biosphere ◽  
Land Surface Processes ◽  
Species Analysis

<p>Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is an important greenhouse gas, and it accounts for about 20% of the present-day anthropogenic greenhouse effect. Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> is cycled between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere through various land-surface processes and thus links the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere through positive and negative feedback. Since multiple trace gas elements are linked by common biogeochemical processes, multi-species analysis is useful for reinforcing our understanding and can help in partitioning CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes. For example, in the northern hemisphere, CO<sub>2</sub> has a distinct seasonal cycle mainly regulated by plant photosynthesis and respiration and it has a distinct negative correlation with the seasonal cycle of the δ<sup>13</sup>C isotope of CO<sub>2</sub>, due to a stronger isotopic fractionation associated with terrestrial photosynthesis. Therefore, multi-species flask-data measurements are useful for the long-term analysis of various green-house gases. Here we try to infer the complex interaction between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere by multi-species analysis using atmospheric flask measurement data from different NOAA flask measurement sites across the northern hemisphere.</p><p>This study focuses on the long-term changes in the seasonal cycle of CO<sub>2</sub> over the northern hemisphere and tries to attribute the observed changes to driving land-surface processes through a combined analysis of the δ<sup>13</sup>C seasonal cycle. For this we generate metrics of different parameters of the CO<sub>2</sub> and δ<sup>13</sup>C seasonal cycle like the seasonal cycle amplitude given by the peak-to-peak difference of the cycle (indicative of the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> taken up by terrestrial uptake),  the intensity of plant productivity inferred from the slope of the seasonal cycle during the growing season , length of growing season and the start of the growing season. We analyze the inter-relation between these metrics and how they change across latitude and over time. We hypothesize that the CO<sub>2 </sub>seasonal cycle amplitude is controlled both by the intensity of plant productivity and period of the active growing season and that the timing of the growing season can affect the intensity of plant productivity. We then quantify these relationships, including their variation over time and latitudes and describe the effects of an earlier start of the growing season on the intensity of plant productivity and the CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by plants.</p>

The influence of the land surface on hydrometeorology and ecology: new advances from modeling and satellite remote sensing

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkat Lakshmi ◽  
Seungbum Hong ◽  
Eric E. Small ◽  
Fei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Land Surface Processes ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Vegetation Fraction ◽  
Moisture Variation

The importance of land surface processes has long been recognized in hydrometeorology and ecology for they play a key role in climate and weather modeling. However, their quantification has been challenging due to the complex nature of the land surface amongst other reasons. One of the difficult parts in the quantification is the effect of vegetation that are related to land surface processes such as soil moisture variation and to atmospheric conditions such as radiation. This study addresses various relational investigations among vegetation properties such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), surface temperature (TSK), and vegetation water content (VegWC) derived from satellite sensors such as Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and EOS Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E). The study provides general information about a physiological behavior of vegetation for various environmental conditions. Second, using a coupled mesoscale/land surface model, we examine the effects of vegetation and its relationship with soil moisture on the simulated land–atmospheric interactions through the model sensitivity tests. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was selected for this study, and the Noah land surface model (Noah LSM) implemented in the WRF model was used for the model coupled system. This coupled model was tested through two parameterization methods for vegetation fraction using MODIS data and through model initialization of soil moisture from High Resolution Land Data Assimilation System (HRLDAS). Finally, this study evaluates the model improvements for each simulation method.

Response of the surface climate to different land surface models: WRF sensitivity to surface model options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela C.A. Lima ◽  
Rita M. Cardoso ◽  
Pedro M.M. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Land Surface Processes ◽  
Surface Models

<p>The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model version 4.2 includes different land surface schemes, allowing a better representation of the land surface processes. Four simulations with the WRF model differing in land surface models and options were investigated as a sensitivity study over the European domain. These experiments span from 2004-2006 with a one-month spin-up and were performed at 0.11<sup>o</sup> horizontal resolution with 50 vertical levels, following the CORDEX guidelines. The lateral boundary conditions were driven by ERA5 reanalysis from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. For the first experiment, the Noah land surface model was used. For the remaining simulations, the Noah-MP (multi-physics) land surface model was used with different runoff and groundwater options: (1) original surface and subsurface runoff (free drainage), (2) TOPMODEL with groundwater and (3) Miguez-Macho & Fan groundwater scheme. The physical parameterizations options are the same for all simulations. These experiments allow the analysis of the sensitivity of different land surface options and to understand how the representation of land surface processes impacts on the atmosphere properties. This study focusses on the investigation of land-atmosphere feedbacks trough the analysis of the soil moisture – temperature and soil moisture – precipitation interactions, latent and sensible heat fluxes, and moisture fluxes. The influence of different surface model options on atmospheric boundary layer is also explored.</p><p>Acknowledgements. The authors wish to acknowledge the LEADING (PTDC/CTA-MET/28914/2017) project funded by FCT. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support FCT through project UIDB/50019/2020 – Instituto Dom Luiz.</p>

scholarly journals Multiyear in-situ L-band microwave radiometry of land surface processes on the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Su ◽  
J. Wen ◽  
Y. Zeng ◽  
H. Zhao ◽  
S. Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Microwave Radiometry ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Turbulent Heat ◽  
Land Surface Processes ◽  
L Band

Abstract We report a unique multiyear L-band microwave radiometry dataset collected at the Maqu site on the eastern Tibetan Plateau and demonstrate its utilities in advancing our understandings of microwave observations of land surface processes. The presented dataset contains measurements of L-band brightness temperature by an ELBARA-III microwave radiometer in horizontal and vertical polarization, profile soil moisture and soil temperature, turbulent heat fluxes, and meteorological data from the beginning of 2016 till August 2019, while the experiment is still continuing. Auxiliary vegetation and soil texture information collected in dedicated campaigns are also reported. This dataset can be used to validate the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite based observations and retrievals, verify radiative transfer model assumptions and validate land surface model and reanalysis outputs, retrieve soil properties, as well as to quantify land-atmosphere exchanges of energy, water and carbon and help to reduce discrepancies and uncertainties in current Earth System Models (ESM) parameterizations. Measurement cases in winter, pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon periods are presented.

scholarly journals On the Connection between Continental-Scale Land Surface Processes and the Tropical Climate in a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 9006-9025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsi-Yen Ma ◽  
C. Roberto Mechoso ◽  
Yongkang Xue ◽  
Heng Xiao ◽  
J. David Neelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Land Surface Processes ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Biophysical Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Tropical Pacific

Abstract An evaluation is presented of the impact on tropical climate of continental-scale perturbations given by different representations of land surface processes (LSPs) in a general circulation model that includes atmosphere–ocean interactions. One representation is a simple land scheme, which specifies climatological albedos and soil moisture availability. The other representation is the more comprehensive Simplified Simple Biosphere Model, which allows for interactive soil moisture and vegetation biophysical processes. The results demonstrate that such perturbations have strong impacts on the seasonal mean states and seasonal cycles of global precipitation, clouds, and surface air temperature. The impact is especially significant over the tropical Pacific Ocean. To explore the mechanisms for such impact, model experiments are performed with different LSP representations confined to selected continental-scale regions where strong interactions of climate–vegetation biophysical processes are present. The largest impact found over the tropical Pacific is mainly from perturbations in the tropical African continent where convective heating anomalies associated with perturbed surface heat fluxes trigger global teleconnections through equatorial wave dynamics. In the equatorial Pacific, the remote impacts of the convection anomalies are further enhanced by strong air–sea coupling between surface wind stress and upwelling, as well as by the effects of ocean memory. LSP perturbations over South America and Asia–Australia have much weaker global impacts. The results further suggest that correct representations of LSP, land use change, and associated changes in the deep convection over tropical Africa are crucial to reducing the uncertainty of future climate projections with global climate models under various climate change scenarios.

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