A cooperative net zero energy community to improve load matching

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Amaral Lopes ◽  
João Martins ◽  
Daniel Aelenei ◽  
Celson Pantoja Lima
Keyword(s):  
Zero Energy ◽  
Load Matching ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Energy Community

scholarly journals From Low-Energy to Net Zero-Energy Buildings: Status and Perspectives

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Voss ◽  
Eike Musall ◽  
Markus Lichtmeß
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Load Matching ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero Energy Building ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Energy Balance Approach ◽  
Net Zero Energy Buildings ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

“Net Zero-Energy Building” has become a popular catchphrase to describe the synergy between energy-efficient building and renewable energy utilisation to achieve a balanced energy budget over an annual cycle. Taking into account the energy exchange with a grid overcomes the limitations of energy-autonomous buildings with the need for seasonal energy storage on-site. Although the expression, “Net Zero-Energy Building,” appears in many energy policy documents, a harmonised definition or a standardised balancing method is still lacking. This paper reports on the background and the various effects influencing the energy balance approach. After discussing the national energy code framework in Germany, a harmonised terminology and balancing procedure is proposed. The procedure takes not only the energy balance but also energy efficiency and load matching into account.

scholarly journals A Study of Load Matching on the Net-Zero Energy House

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Beob-Jeon Kim ◽  
Hee-Won Lim ◽  
Deok-Sung Kim ◽  
U-Cheul Shin
Keyword(s):  
Zero Energy ◽  
Load Matching ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero

scholarly journals An Open-Source Virtual Testbed for a Real Net-Zero Energy Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 103255
Author(s):  
Sen Huang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yangyang Fu ◽  
Wangda Zuo ◽  
Kathryn Hinkelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Virtual Testbed ◽  
Energy Community

scholarly journals Load Matching and Grid Interaction of Net Zero Energy Buildings

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Voss ◽  
Igor Sartori ◽  
Assunta Napolitano ◽  
Sonja Geier ◽  
Helder Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zero Energy ◽  
Load Matching ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Net Zero Energy Buildings ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

scholarly journals Case Study of Load Matching and Energy Cost for Net-Zero Energy Houses in Korea

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6407
Author(s):  
Hee-Won Lim ◽  
Ji-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Hyeun-Seung Lee ◽  
U-Cheul Shin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Cover Factor ◽  
Load Matching ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero

Over the past 20 years, net-zero energy house (NZEH) construction costs have steadily decreased because of many reasons, such as technical progress, energy-saving design obligations, and dramatic cost reductions in renewable energy systems, especially solar power systems. Currently, the costs of NZEH are estimated to be about 5% higher than similar-sized houses. These additional costs are mainly for installing PV systems, which can be offset by energy saving costs. This study assessed energy performance and load matching through remote monitoring systems, and energy costs were analyzed for two-family houses. The two houses were all-electric houses and different in both size and location. A 6 kWp grid-connected PV system and 16 kW air source heat pump for space heating and domestic hot water were equally implemented. After data analysis, 100% of the energies were supplied through the PV system for 3 years, thus achieving net-zero energy. According to the Korean residential electricity tariff system, the annual electricity charges were, on average, between USD 105.1 and USD 121.4 after adding demand charges and value-added tax for import electricity charges. The energy cost reduction rate, compared to the same house without a PV system, was about 95%, and the simple payback period of the 6 kW PV system in NZEH was about 6 years. In addition, the annual load cover factor and supply cover factor as load-match indices between electricity generation and the load were in a range of 0.39–0.49 and 0.37–0.42, respectively.

scholarly journals An Open-Source Virtual Testbed for a Real Net-Zero Energy Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Huang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yangyang Fu ◽  
Wangda Zuo ◽  
Kathryn Hinkelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Open Source ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Power Draw ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Virtual Testbed ◽  
Energy Community

Net-zero energy communities (NZECs) are critical to assuring the sustainability and resilience of modernized power systems. System modeling helps overcome technical challenges in designing and operating NZECs. In this paper, we present an open-source NZEC virtual testbed in Modelica based on a real NZEC in Florida, USA. This testbed consists of two sets of models: (1) higher-fidelity physics-based models that consider the interaction between subsystems of the studied NZEC and capture fast dynamics, and (2) lower-fidelity data-driven models that require fewer resources to establish and/or run. All models are validated against measurements from this real NZEC. In addition, this testbed includes a simulation framework that streamlines the processes for simulation and thus allows the use of developed models to form a virtual testbed. To demonstrate the usage of the virtual testbed, a case study is conducted where a building-to-grid integration control is evaluated via simulation. The evaluation results suggest that the tested control significantly smooths the power draw of the studied community and does not sacrifice thermal comfort to a great extent.

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