The Medial Temporal-Lobe Amnesic Syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Milner
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Amnesic Syndrome

scholarly journals Amnesia, memory and brain systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1362) ◽  
pp. 1663-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Larry R. Squire ◽  
Stuart M. Zola
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Amnesic Syndrome ◽  
Habit Learning ◽  
Work First ◽  
The Brain

Bilateral damage to either the medial temporal lobe or the diencephalic midline causes an amnesic syndrome, i.e. a global impairment in the ability to acquire new memories regardless of sensory modality, and a loss of some memories, especially recent ones, from the period before amnesia began. The memory deficit can occur against a background of intact intellectual and perceptual functions. Two themes have been prominent in recent work. First, the amnesic syndrome is narrower than once believed in the sense that a number of learning and memory abilities are preserved (e.g. skill and habit learning, simple forms of conditioning and the phenomenon of priming). Second, the brain system damaged in amnesia has only a temporary role in memory. As time passes after learning, memory is reorganized and consolidated within neocortex, such that eventually medial temporal lobe and diencephalic structures are not needed for storage or retrieval.

Bilateral medial temporal lobe damage without amnesic syndrome: a case report

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Henke ◽  
Heinz Gregor Wieser
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Amnesic Syndrome

Children show adult-like hippocampal pattern separation for familiar but not novel events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Benear ◽  
Elizabeth A. Horwath ◽  
Emily Cowan ◽  
M. Catalina Camacho ◽  
Chi Ngo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Developmental Change ◽  
Pattern Separation ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Parahippocampal Cortex ◽  
Pattern Similarity

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) undergoes critical developmental change throughout childhood, which aligns with developmental changes in episodic memory. We used representational similarity analysis to compare neural pattern similarity for children and adults in hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex during naturalistic viewing of clips from the same movie or different movies. Some movies were more familiar to participants than others. Neural pattern similarity was generally lower for clips from the same movie, indicating that related content taxes pattern separation-like processes. However, children showed this effect only for movies with which they were familiar, whereas adults showed the effect consistently. These data suggest that children need more exposures to stimuli in order to show mature pattern separation processes.

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