scholarly journals Study on the Determination of Safety Factor in Calculating Building Fire Evacuation Time

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Peng ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Wen-Li Liu ◽  
Xiang-Yang Zhang ◽  
Yin-Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Safety Factor ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Building Fire ◽  
Fire Evacuation

scholarly journals Virtual Fire Evacuation Drills through a Web-Based Serious Game

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11284
Author(s):  
Yajun Yang ◽  
Zhen Xu ◽  
Yingying Wu ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Ruizhuo Song
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
System Framework ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Building Fire ◽  
Fire Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Drills ◽  
Safety Evacuation

Evacuation capacity is very important in building fire. In order to improve the safety evacuation capacity of occupants, a web-based serious game for virtual fire evacuation drills is proposed. As a prototype of the serious game, a stand-alone system for virtual drill had been developed. On this basis, the system framework of the serious game is first designed for web-based training, including the database, front and back ends. Secondly, an optimization solution including fire scenes and web codes is designed for smooth rendering performance. Lastly, a solution is designed to visualize the evacuation paths of numerous trainees, which can be used to reveal the evacuation rules, and an evaluation model of evacuation performance is created considering the features of evacuation paths and fire hazards, to provide comprehensive feedback for trainees. Thus, a convenient and accessible web-based serious game was developed. More than 100 people participated in the online virtual evacuation drill of a dormitory building fire. Through the drills, the average evacuation time of the trainees decreases from 79.77 s to 54.32 s, and the safety scores of the trainees improve from 74.71 to 81.21. Therefore, the evacuation abilities of trainees gradually improve, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the drill. Consequently, virtual fire drills using a web-based serious game can play an important role in improving the evacuation ability.

scholarly journals Prediction of the sliding type and critical factor of safety in homogeneous finite slopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzin Salmasi ◽  
Biswajeet Pradhan ◽  
Bahram Nourani
Keyword(s):  
Safety Factor ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Plane Failure ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Constant Slope

Abstract In this paper, the effect of soil material parameters including soil specific weight (γ), cohesion (C), angle of internal friction ($$\emptyset$$ ∅ ), and geometric parameter of slope including angle with the horizontal (β) for a constant slope height (H) on factor of safety (Fs) was investigated. Fs was considered in two scenarios: (1) slope with dry condition, and (2) with steady-state saturated condition that comprises water level drawdown circumstances. In addition, the type of slip circle was also investigated. For this purpose, the SLOPE/W software as a subgroup of Geo-Studio software was implemented. Results showed that decreasing of water table level and omitting the hydrostatic pressure on the slope consequently would result in safety factor decrement. Comparison of the plane and circular failure surfaces showed that plane failure method produced good results for near-vertical slopes only. Determination of slip type showed that for state (30° < β < 45°), the three types of failure circles (toe, slope or midpoint circle) may occur. For state (45° < β < 60°), two modes of failure may occur: midpoint circle and toe circle. For state (β > 60°), the mode of failure circle is only toe circle. Linear and nonlinear regression equations were obtained for estimation of slope safety factor.

Research and Development of Household Fire Refuge Cabin

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 2267-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai Chao Yan ◽  
Lin Jie Li ◽  
Jun Ge Huang
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Building Fire ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Fire Evacuation ◽  
International Mine ◽  
Fire Accidents

With the high-rise building fire accidents have increased every year, the appearance of home fire evacuation cabin has a very important significance.At first,We introduced the development status of domestic and international mine refuge Chamber and two mine refuge Chamber products which was used commonly,and analysed their merit and shortcoming,where we could get the inspiration;Then we focused on the present situation of the household refuge compartment and analysis of its shortcomings and the main problems need to be solved;Finally we put forward the design concept of the household fire refuge cabin .

Dissuasive exit signage for building fire evacuation

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Olander ◽  
Enrico Ronchi ◽  
Ruggiero Lovreglio ◽  
Daniel Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Building Fire ◽  
Fire Evacuation

Determination of the evacuation time and permeability of powder materials

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 732-735
Author(s):  
L. A. Arbuzova ◽  
R. V. Tyul'pakova ◽  
N. E. Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Powder Materials ◽  
Evacuation Time

The simple map for a single-null divertor tokamak

1996 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alkes Punjabi ◽  
Arun Verma ◽  
Allen Boozer
Keyword(s):  
Safety Factor ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Divertor Plate ◽  
Divertor Tokamak ◽  
Magnetic Perturbations ◽  
Stochastic Layer ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Area Preserving

We present the simple map for a single-null divertor tokamak. The simple map is an area-preserving map based on the idea that magnetic field lines are a single-degree- of-freedom time-dependent Hamiltonian system, and that the basic features of such systems near the X-point are generic. We obtain the properties of this map and the resulting footprints of field lines on the divertor plate. These include the width of the stochastic layer, the edge safety factor, the area of the footprint and the amount of magnetic flux diverted. We give the safety factor profile, the average and median values of strike angles, lengths and the Liapunov exponents. We describe how the effects of magnetic perturbations can be included in the simple map. We show how the map can be applied to the problem of the determination of heat flux on the divertor plate in tokamaks.

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