scholarly journals Data science in light of natural language processing: An overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad Zeroual ◽  
Abdelhak Lakhouaja
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Data Science

scholarly journals The Rise of Big Data Science: A Survey of Techniques, Methods and Approaches in the Field of Natural Language Processing and Network Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Ray ◽  
Olayinka Johnny ◽  
Marcello Trovati ◽  
Stelios Sotiriadis ◽  
Nik Bessis
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
New Research

The continuous creation of data has posed new research challenges due to its complexity, diversity and volume. Consequently, Big Data has increasingly become a fully recognised scientific field. This article provides an overview of the current research efforts in Big Data science, with particular emphasis on its applications, as well as theoretical foundation.

scholarly journals Capturing the Patient’s Perspective: a Review of Advances in Natural Language Processing of Health-Related Text

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 214-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gonzalez-Hernandez ◽  
A. Sarker ◽  
K. O’Connor ◽  
G. Savova
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Text Processing ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Health Related

Summary Background: Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods are increasingly being utilized to mine knowledge from unstructured health-related texts. Recent advances in noisy text processing techniques are enabling researchers and medical domain experts to go beyond the information encapsulated in published texts (e.g., clinical trials and systematic reviews) and structured questionnaires, and obtain perspectives from other unstructured sources such as Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and social media posts. Objectives: To review the recently published literature discussing the application of NLP techniques for mining health-related information from EHRs and social media posts. Methods: Literature review included the research published over the last five years based on searches of PubMed, conference proceedings, and the ACM Digital Library, as well as on relevant publications referenced in papers. We particularly focused on the techniques employed on EHRs and social media data. Results: A set of 62 studies involving EHRs and 87 studies involving social media matched our criteria and were included in this paper. We present the purposes of these studies, outline the key NLP contributions, and discuss the general trends observed in the field, the current state of research, and important outstanding problems. Conclusions: Over the recent years, there has been a continuing transition from lexical and rule-based systems to learning-based approaches, because of the growth of annotated data sets and advances in data science. For EHRs, publicly available annotated data is still scarce and this acts as an obstacle to research progress. On the contrary, research on social media mining has seen a rapid growth, particularly because the large amount of unlabeled data available via this resource compensates for the uncertainty inherent to the data. Effective mechanisms to filter out noise and for mapping social media expressions to standard medical concepts are crucial and latent research problems. Shared tasks and other competitive challenges have been driving factors behind the implementation of open systems, and they are likely to play an imperative role in the development of future systems.

scholarly journals Tracking mutational semantics of SARS-CoV-2 genomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Singh ◽  
Sunil Nagpal ◽  
Nishal Kumar Pinna ◽  
Sharmila S Mande
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Dynamic Phenomenon ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Daunting Task

Genomes have an inherent context dictated by the order in which the nucleotides and higher order genomic elements are arranged in the DNA/RNA. Learning this context is a daunting task, governed by the combinatorial complexity of interactions possible between ordered elements of genomes. Can natural language processing be employed on these orderly, complex and also evolving datatypes (genomic sequences) to reveal the latent patterns or context of genomic elements (e.g Mutations)? Here we present an approach to understand the mutational landscape of Covid-19 by treating the temporally changing (continuously mutating) SARS-CoV-2 genomes as documents. We demonstrate how the analogous interpretation of evolving genomes to temporal literature corpora provides an opportunity to use dynamic topic modeling (DTM) and temporal Word2Vec models to delineate mutation signatures corresponding to different Variants-of-Concerns and tracking the semantic drift of Mutations-of-Concern (MoC). We identified and studied characteristic mutations affiliated to Covid-infection severity and tracked their relationship with MoCs. Our ground work on utility of such temporal NLP models in genomics could supplement ongoing efforts in not only understanding the Covid pandemic but also provide alternative strategies in studying dynamic phenomenon in biological sciences through data science (especially NLP, AI/ML).

Customers' experience of purchasing event tickets: mining online reviews based on topic modeling and sentiment analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Celuch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Content Type

PurposeIn search of creating an extraordinary experience for customers, services have gone beyond the means of a transaction between buyers and sellers. In the event industry, where purchasing tickets online is a common procedure, it remains unclear as to how to enhance the multifaceted experience. This study aims at offering a snapshot into the most valued aspects for consumers and to uncover consumers' feelings toward their experience of purchasing event tickets on third-party ticketing platforms.Design/methodology/approachThis is a cross-disciplinary study that applies knowledge from both data science and services marketing. Under the guise of natural language processing, latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling and sentiment analysis were used to interpret the embedded meanings based on online reviews.FindingsThe findings conceptualized ten dimensions valued by eventgoers, including technical issues, value of core product and service, word-of-mouth, trustworthiness, professionalism and knowledgeability, customer support, information transparency, additional fee, prior experience and after-sales service. Among these aspects, consumers rated the value of the core product and service to be the most positive experience, whereas the additional fee was considered the least positive one.Originality/valueDrawing from the intersection of natural language processing and the status quo of the event industry, this study offers a better understanding of eventgoers' experiences in the case of purchasing online event tickets. It also provides a hands-on guide for marketers to stage memorable experiences in the era of digitalization.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Action: Addressing the COVID-19 Pandemic with Natural Language Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyu Chen ◽  
Robert Leaman ◽  
Alexis Allot ◽  
Ling Luo ◽  
Chih-Hsuan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Entity Recognition ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Biomedical Data

The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic has had a significant impact on society, both because of the serious health effects of COVID-19 and because of public health measures implemented to slow its spread. Many of these difficulties are fundamentally information needs; attempts to address these needs have caused an information overload for both researchers and the public. Natural language processing (NLP)—the branch of artificial intelligence that interprets human language—can be applied to address many of the information needs made urgent by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review surveys approximately 150 NLP studies and more than 50 systems and datasets addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. We detail work on four core NLP tasks: information retrieval, named entity recognition, literature-based discovery, and question answering. We also describe work that directly addresses aspects of the pandemic through four additional tasks: topic modeling, sentiment and emotion analysis, caseload forecasting, and misinformation detection. We conclude by discussing observable trends and remaining challenges. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science, Volume 4 is July 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Content Analysis of Textbooks via Natural Language Processing: Findings on Gender, Race, and Ethnicity in Texas U.S. History Textbooks

AERA Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 233285842094031
Author(s):  
Li Lucy ◽  
Dorottya Demszky ◽  
Patricia Bromley ◽  
Dan Jurafsky
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Black People ◽  
History Textbooks ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
New Research

Cutting-edge data science techniques can shed new light on fundamental questions in educational research. We apply techniques from natural language processing (lexicons, word embeddings, topic models) to 15 U.S. history textbooks widely used in Texas between 2015 and 2017, studying their depiction of historically marginalized groups. We find that Latinx people are rarely discussed, and the most common famous figures are nearly all White men. Lexicon-based approaches show that Black people are described as performing actions associated with low agency and power. Word embeddings reveal that women tend to be discussed in the contexts of work and the home. Topic modeling highlights the higher prominence of political topics compared with social ones. We also find that more conservative counties tend to purchase textbooks with less representation of women and Black people. Building on a rich tradition of textbook analysis, we release our computational toolkit to support new research directions.

scholarly journals Capturing the Patient’s Perspective: a Review of Advances in Natural Language Processing of Health-Related Text

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 214-227
Author(s):  
G. Gonzalez-Hernandez ◽  
A. Sarker ◽  
K. O’Connor ◽  
G. Savova
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Text Processing ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Health Related

Summary Background: Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods are increasingly being utilized to mine knowledge from unstructured health-related texts. Recent advances in noisy text processing techniques are enabling researchers and medical domain experts to go beyond the information encapsulated in published texts (e.g., clinical trials and systematic reviews) and structured questionnaires, and obtain perspectives from other unstructured sources such as Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and social media posts. Objectives: To review the recently published literature discussing the application of NLP techniques for mining health-related information from EHRs and social media posts. Methods: Literature review included the research published over the last five years based on searches of PubMed, conference proceedings, and the ACM Digital Library, as well as on relevant publications referenced in papers. We particularly focused on the techniques employed on EHRs and social media data. Results: A set of 62 studies involving EHRs and 87 studies involving social media matched our criteria and were included in this paper. We present the purposes of these studies, outline the key NLP contributions, and discuss the general trends observed in the field, the current state of research, and important outstanding problems. Conclusions: Over the recent years, there has been a continuing transition from lexical and rule-based systems to learning-based approaches, because of the growth of annotated data sets and advances in data science. For EHRs, publicly available annotated data is still scarce and this acts as an obstacle to research progress. On the contrary, research on social media mining has seen a rapid growth, particularly because the large amount of unlabeled data available via this resource compensates for the uncertainty inherent to the data. Effective mechanisms to filter out noise and for mapping social media expressions to standard medical concepts are crucial and latent research problems. Shared tasks and other competitive challenges have been driving factors behind the implementation of open systems, and they are likely to play an imperative role in the development of future systems.

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