scholarly journals Development of a semi-global reaction mechanism for thermal decomposition of a polymer containing reactive flame retardant

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 4247-4255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ding ◽  
Kyungok Kwon ◽  
Stanislav I. Stoliarov ◽  
Roland H. Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Global Reaction ◽  
Reactive Flame Retardant

scholarly journals Preparation of Flame-Retardant Polyurethane and Its Applications in the Leather Industry

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1730
Author(s):  
Shaolin Lu ◽  
Yechang Feng ◽  
Peikun Zhang ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Synthetic Leather ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Reactive Flame Retardant

As a novel polymer, polyurethane (PU) has been widely applied in leather, synthetic leather, and textiles due to its excellent overall performance. Nevertheless, conventional PU is flammable and its combustion is accompanied by severe melting and dripping, which then generates hazardous fumes and gases. This defect limits PU applications in various fields, including the leather industry. Hence, the development of environmentally friendly, flame-retardant PU is of great significance both theoretically and practically. Currently, phosphorus-nitrogen (P-N) reactive flame-retardant is a hot topic in the field of flame-retardant PU. Based on this, the preparation and flame-retardant mechanism of flame-retardant PU, as well as the current status of flame-retardant PU in the leather industry were reviewed.

Global Reaction Model to Describe the Kinetics of Catalytic Pyrolysis of Coffee Grounds Waste

2017 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronydes Batista Jr. ◽  
Bruna Sene Alves Araújo ◽  
Pedro Ivo Brandão e Melo Franco ◽  
Beatriz Cristina Silvério ◽  
Sandra Cristina Danta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
One Step ◽  
Global Reaction ◽  
The One

In view of the constant search for new sources of renewable energy, the particulate agro-industrial waste reuse emerges as an advantageous alternative. However, despite the advantages of using the biomass as an energy source, there is still strong resistance as the large-scale replacement of petroleum products due to the lack of scientifically proven efficient conversion technologies. In this context, the pyrolysis is presented as one of the most widely used thermal decomposition processes. The knowledge of aspects of chemical kinetics, thermodynamics these will, heat and mass transfer, are so important, since influence the quality of the product. This paper presents a kinetic study of slow pyrolysis of coffee grounds waste from dynamic thermogravimetric experiments (TG), using different powder catalysts. The primary thermal decomposition was described by the one-step reaction model, which considers a single global reaction. The kinetic parameters were estimated using nonlinear regression and the differential evolution method. The coffee ground waste was dried at 105°C for 24 hours. The sample in nature was analyzed at different heating rates, being 10, 15, 20, 30 and 50 K/min. In the catalytic pyrolysis, about 5% (w/w) of catalyst were added to the sample, at a heating rate of 30 K/min. The results show that the one-step model does not accurately represent the data of weight loss (TG) and its derivative (DTG), but can do an estimative of the activation energy reaction, and can show the differences caused by the catalysts. Although no one can say anything about the products formed with the addition of the catalyst, it would be necessary to micro-pyrolysis analysis, we can say the influence of the catalyst in the samples, based on the data obtained in thermogravimetric tests.

Application of Calculus Equation in Solving Thermal Decomposition Kinetics Parameters of Flame Retardant Wood

2014 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Cai Yun Sun ◽  
Yong Li Yang ◽  
Ming Gao
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Parameters

Wood has been treated with amino resins and amino resins modified with phosphoric acid to impart flame retardancy. The thermal degradation of samples has been studied by thermogravimetry (TG) in air. From the resulting data, kinetic parameters for different stages of thermal degradation are obtained following the method of Broido. For the decomposition of wood and flame retardant wood, the activation energy is found to decrease from 122 to 72 kJmol-1.

scholarly journals Exploring the full catalytic cycle of rhodium(i)–BINAP-catalysed isomerisation of allylic amines: a graph theory approach for path optimisation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4475-4488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayoshi Yoshimura ◽  
Satoshi Maeda ◽  
Tetsuya Taketsugu ◽  
Masaya Sawamura ◽  
Keiji Morokuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Catalytic Cycle ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Allylic Amines ◽  
Reaction Route ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Mapping Strategy ◽  
Global Reaction ◽  
Induced Reaction

The reaction mechanism of the cationic rhodium(i)–BINAP complex catalysed isomerisation of allylic amines was explored using the artificial force induced reaction method with the global reaction route mapping strategy.

A Vanillin-Derived, DOPO-Contained Bisphenol as a Reactive Flame Retardant for High-Performance Epoxy Thermosets

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1349-1364
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Rongbai Tong ◽  
Juanli Wang ◽  
Jintao Wan ◽  
Yuhu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reactive Flame Retardant

scholarly journals Effects of Complex Flame Retardant on the Thermal Decomposition of Natural Fiber

BioResources ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Xiao ◽  
Xue Zheng ◽  
Shuping Song ◽  
Junwen Pu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Natural Fiber

scholarly journals Evaluation of Optimized 3-step Global Reaction Mechanism for CFD Simulations on Sandia Flame D

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Abou-Taouk ◽  
Lars-Erik Eriksson ◽  
Theodore E. Simos ◽  
George Psihoyios ◽  
Ch. Tsitouras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Global Reaction
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