The effect of primary particle surface energy on agglomeration rate in fluidised bed wet granulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Thielmann ◽  
Majid Naderi ◽  
Mansoor A. Ansari ◽  
Frantisek Stepanek
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Fluidised Bed

Electric-Field Induced Formation of Superconducting Granular Balls

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (17n18) ◽  
pp. 2529-2535
Author(s):  
R. Tao ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
Y. C. Lan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Surface Charges

When a strong electric field is applied to a suspension of micron-sized high T c superconducting particles in liquid nitrogen, the particles quickly aggregate together to form millimeter-size balls. The balls are sturdy, surviving constant heavy collisions with the electrodes, while they hold over 106 particles each. The phenomenon is a result of interaction between Cooper pairs and the strong electric field. The strong electric field induces surface charges on the particle surface. When the applied electric field is strong enough, Cooper pairs near the surface are depleted, leading to a positive surface energy. The minimization of this surface energy leads to the aggregation of particles to form balls.

Variations in Aluminum Particle Surface Energy and Reactivity Induced by Annealing and Quenching

2021 ◽  
pp. 152185
Author(s):  
Alan Williams ◽  
Igor Altman ◽  
Daniel Burnett ◽  
Ezequiel Gutierrez Zorrilla ◽  
Armando R. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Aluminum Particle ◽  
Particle Surface

The Physical Essence of Mono-dispersed Nanometer Particle Surface Energy by Boundary bond Interaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Su ◽  
Xiaowei Yin ◽  
Caixia Wan ◽  
Shengru Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Interfacial Surface ◽  
Nanometer Material ◽  
Nanometer Powder ◽  
Nanometer Particle

ABSTRACTThe surface energy quantifies the disruption of intermolecular bond that occurs when a surface is created. The paper discusses critical size dc of mono-dispersed nanometer particle by analyzing the change of interfacial surface energy. The traditional theory neglects that the mono-dispersed nanometer particle has quantum standing wave in its internal structure with a size below critical dc. During the preparation of mono-dispersed nanometer powder, the large surface energy is formed ont only by cutting surface bond but also by forming quantum standing wave that opposites to interfacial edge unsaturated bond on the nanometer partcile surface atom. The preparation process of nanometer material needs more energy than the size surpass dc material. The new theory can explain why the melting point of nanometer powder decreases and other phenomina of nanometer material.

scholarly journals DEM Simulation of Binary Blend Mixing of Cohesive Particles in a High Intensity Vibration System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Zheng ◽  
Kuriakose Kunnath ◽  
Rajesh Dave
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Bond Number ◽  
Vibration System ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Binary Blend ◽  
Dem Simulation ◽  
T Values

The effects of processing intensity, time and particle surface energy on mixing of binary cohesive blends (size ratio 1:2, fine concentration at 10 %) in high intensity vibration system were investigated via DEM simulations. Results show that both increasing processing intensity from 50 to 100 Gs and reducing surface energy from 50 to 0.5 J/m2 lead to a faster mixing rate. Mixing Bond number (〖Bo〗_m) was introduced to capture the effective mixing rate, Rm; higher 〖Bo〗_m corresponding to lower mixing rate. The coefficient of variation, Cv, formed the basis for the mixing quality and Rm, while the mixing action is quantified by the product of Rm and mixing time (Pr,t). Simulation results show that Cv values drop initially, and then rise with Pr,t. Hence, low Pr,t indicates inadequate mixing intensity, while high Pr,t most likely indicates mixture segregation, and therefore too high or too low Pr,t values should be avoided.

Li3PO4 modification on a primary particle surface for high performance Li-rich layered oxide Li1.18Mn0.52Co0.15Ni0.15O2via a synchronous route

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 3584-3592
Author(s):  
Xianghuan Liu ◽  
Zhenyao Wang ◽  
Weidong Zhuang ◽  
Liqing Ban ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Layered Oxide

A Li-rich layered oxide, Li1.18Mn0.52Co0.15Ni0.15O2, with Li3PO4 modification on the surface of a primary particle, was synthesized by a facile synchronous method.

scholarly journals Materials characterization of advanced fillers for composites engineering applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubomír Lapčík ◽  
Martin Vašina ◽  
Barbora Lapčíková ◽  
David Hui ◽  
Eva Otyepková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Energy Profiles ◽  
Powder Rheology ◽  
Flow Characterization ◽  
Die Compaction ◽  
Lower Bulk Density

Abstract Four different minerals were investigated; hollow spheres of calcium carbonate, platy mica, needle like wollastonite and glassy perlite and characterized via iGC for surface energy, Freeman powder rheology for flow characterization, cyclic uniaxial die compaction for modulus of elasticity and frequency dependent sound absorption properties. Particle surface energy and particle shape strongly affected the packing density of powder beds. In the case of higher porosity and thus lower bulk density, the powders acoustic absorption was higher in comparison with higher packing density materials. Surface energy profiles and surface energy distributions revealed clear convergence with powder rheology data, where the character of the powder flow at defined consolidation stresses was mirroring either the high cohesion powders properties connected with the high surface energy or powder free flowing characteristics, as reflected in low cohesion of the powder matrix.

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