Lignin bio-oil-based electrospun nanofibers with high substitution ratio property for potential carbon nanofibers applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 106591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyu Du ◽  
Changzhou Chen ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Mengtian Yu ◽  
Bingyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Substitution Ratio ◽  
Potential Carbon

Characteristics of carbon nanofibers produced from lignin/polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/kraft lignin-g-PAN copolymer blends electrospun nanofibers

Holzforschung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 743-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Woo Park ◽  
Won-Jae Youe ◽  
Song-Yi Han ◽  
Yong Sik Kim ◽  
Seung-Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Copolymer Blends ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Abstract Lignin-based electrospun nanofibers (eNFs) were prepared and thermally stabilized at 250°C and subsequently carbonized at 1400°C. The starting blend was prepared in dimethyl formamide (DMF) solution with lignin and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), while a lignin-grafted-PAN (L-g-PAN) copolymer served as compatibilizer. The viscosity was highest of the DMF solution with PAN, and decreased for the lignin/PAN blends and additionally in presence of L-g-PAN. The uniform eNFs with clean surfaces dispose of diameters between 400 nm and 1 μm. The average diameter of eNFs decreased by the thermal treatment and at higher lignin contents in the blends. Remarkable shrinkage by carbonization was observed in all nanofibers. The successful carbonization of all electrospun carbon nanofibers (eCNFs) was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The specific tensile strength and elastic modulus of the eCNF mats from lignin/PAN blends were improved by the addition of L-g-PAN, and it can be safely concluded that it acts as a compatibilizer between lignin and PAN.

Needleless Electrospinning System, an Efficient Platform to Fabricate Carbon Nanofibers

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Samadian ◽  
Hamid Mobasheri ◽  
Saeed Hasanpour ◽  
Reza Faridi Majid
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Needleless Electrospinning ◽  
Electric Field Profile

In the present study, the effects of different parameters of needleless electrospinning systems on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers morphology and diameter were studied. The electric field profile at the surface of the spinneret and electrospinning zone was evaluated by Finite Element Method. The PAN nanofibers were used as the precursor to fabricate carbon nanofibers. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used for electrospun nanofibers analysis. The results of electric field analysis indicated, in the spinning direction, the electric field was concentrated at the surface of the spinneret and decayed rapidly toward the surface of the collector. Increasing polymer solution concentration from 7.00 to 11.00 wt.% resulted increasing nanofibers diameter form 77.76 ± 19.44 to 202.42 ± 36.85. The results of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy show that heat treatments could convert needleless electrospun PAN nanofibers to carbon nanofibers.

From lignin-derived bio-oil to lignin-g-polyacrylonitrile nanofiber: High lignin substitution ratio and maintaining good nanofiber morphology

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 106207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyu Du ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Bingyang Liu ◽  
Yingying Yang ◽  
Si Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanofiber Morphology ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Substitution Ratio

scholarly journals Fabrication of functionalized electrospun carbon nanofibers for enhancing lead-ion adsorption from aqueous solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badr M. Thamer ◽  
Ali Aldalbahi ◽  
Meera Moydeen A ◽  
Abdullah M. Al-Enizi ◽  
Hany El-Hamshary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Ion Adsorption ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Covalently Bonded ◽  
Cheap Method ◽  
Phenylene Diamine

AbstractElectrospinning technique is a simple and cheap method for fabrication of electrospun nanofibers (ENFs), which in turn can converted into electrospun carbon nanofibers (ECNFs) by carbonization process. The controlling of the ECNFs properties (e.g. surface area, porosity, diameters) during fabrication, make it superior over the other carbon nanomaterials. The aim of our study is to modify the surface of ECNFs to increase its hydrophilicity and in turn its efficiency in removing lead ions (Pb2+) from aqueous systems. The surface modification was carried out in two steps starting from oxidation of pristine ECNFs to produce oxidized ECNFs (o-ECNFs), followed by covalently bonded of melamine, and poly(m-phenylene diamine) for forming melamine-functionalized ECNFs (melam-ECNFs) and poly(m-phenylene diamine)-functionalized ECNFs (PmPDA-ECNFs), respectively. The as-prepared materials were characterized in routine way. The ability of the as-prepared materials towards adsorption of Pb2+ ions as heavy metal was investigated with the study of some factors such as pH solution, contact time, initial concentration and temperature. The adsorption process was analyzed isothermally, and kinetically. According to the values of the thermodynamic parameters, the adsorption of Pb2+ ions onto the functionalized ECNFs was endothermic and spontaneous, except with melam-ECNFs was exothermic.

scholarly journals Ternary Composite of Co-Doped CdSe@electrospun Carbon Nanofibers: A Novel Reusable Visible Light-Driven Photocatalyst with Enhanced Performance

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Panthi ◽  
Oh Hoon Kwon ◽  
Yun-Su Kuk ◽  
Kapil Raj Gyawali ◽  
Yong Wan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Ternary Composite ◽  
Photogenerated Electrons ◽  
Visible Light Driven ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications ◽  
Hole Recombination

In this work, flexible ternary composites of cobalt-doped cadmium selenide/electrospun carbon nanofibers (Co-CdSe@ECNFs) for photocatalytic applications were fabricated successfully via electrospinning, followed by carbonization. For the fabrication of the proposed photocatalysts, Co-CdSe nanoparticles were grown in situ on the surface of ECNFs during the carbonization of precursor electrospun nanofibers obtained by dispersing Se powder in the electrospinning solution of polyacrylonitrile/N,N-Dimethylformamide (PAN/DMF) containing Cd2+ and Co2+. The photocatalytic performance of synthesized samples is investigated in the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes. Experimental results revealed the superior photocatalytic efficiency of Co-CdSe@ECNFs over undoped samples (CdSe@ECNFs) due to the doping effect of cobalt, which is able to capture the photogenerated electrons to prevent electron–hole recombination, thereby improving photocatalytic performance. Moreover, ECNFs could play an important role in enhancing electron transfer and optical absorption of the photocatalyst. This type of fabrication strategy may be a new avenue for the synthesis of other ECNF-based ternary composites.

scholarly journals Lignin-Based Carbon Nanofibers as Electrodes for Vanadium Redox Couple Electrochemistry

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Vivo-Vilches ◽  
Alain Celzard ◽  
Vanessa Fierro ◽  
Isabelle Devin-Ziegler ◽  
Nicolas Brosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Fiber Mats ◽  
Synthetic Process ◽  
Vanadium Redox ◽  
Key Parameter

Three different types of lignin (kraft, organosolv and phosphoric acid lignin) were characterized and tested as precursors of electrospun nanofibers. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) was added as a plasticizer and dimethyl formamide (DMF) employed as a solvent. It was found that the molecular weight of lignin was the key parameter to understand the differences of the mechanical stability of the resultant fiber mats. In the case of kraft lignin (KL), the influence of some changes in the synthetic process was also tested: applied voltage, pretreatment in air or not, and the addition of a small amount of Ketjen black. After pyrolysis in nitrogen flow, the obtained carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were characterized by different techniques to analyze their differences in morphology and surface chemistry. Vanadium electrochemistry in 3M sulfuric acid was used to evaluate the different CNFs. All fibers allowed electrochemical reactions, but we observed that the oxidation of V(II) to V(III) was very sensitive to the nature of the raw material. Materials prepared from kraft and phosphorus lignin showed the best performances. Nevertheless, when 1 wt.% of Ketjen black was added to KL during the electrospinning, the electrochemical performance of the sample was significantly improved and all targeted reactions for an all-vanadium redox flow battery were observed. Therefore, in this work, we demonstrated that CNFs obtained by the electrospinning of lignin can be employed as electrodes for vanadium electrochemistry, and their properties can be tuned to improve their electrochemical properties.

scholarly journals The Use of Electrospun Organic and Carbon Nanofibers in Bone Regeneration

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Aoki ◽  
Hisao Haniu ◽  
Yoong Ahm Kim ◽  
Naoto Saito
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Potential Use

There has been an increasing amount of research on regenerative medicine for the treatment of bone defects. Scaffolds are needed for the formation of new bone, and various scaffolding materials have been evaluated for bone regeneration. Materials with pores that allow cells to differentiate into osteocytes are preferred in scaffolds for bone regeneration, and porous materials and fibers are well suited for this application. Electrospinning is an effective method for producing a nanosized fiber by applying a high voltage to the needle tip containing a polymer solution. The use of electrospun nanofibers is being studied in the medical field, and its use as a scaffold for bone regeneration therapy has become a topic of growing interest. In this review, we will introduce the potential use of electrospun nanofiber as a scaffold for bone regenerative medicine with a focus on carbon nanofibers produced by the electrospinning method.

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