scholarly journals Rheological determination of the swollen gel strength of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Ramazani-Harandi ◽  
M.J. Zohuriaan-Mehr ◽  
A.A. Yousefi ◽  
A. Ershad-Langroudi ◽  
K. Kabiri
Keyword(s):  
Gel Strength ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels

scholarly journals Effective Enhancement of Water Absorbency of Itaconic Acid Based-Superabsorbent Polymer via Tunable Surface—Crosslinking

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2782
Author(s):  
Yong-Rok Kwon ◽  
Jung-Soo Kim ◽  
Dong-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crosslinking Reactions

A superabsorbent polymer (SAP) was synthesized by copolymerizing itaconic acid and vinyl sulfonic acid. The typically low absorbency of itaconic acid-based SAPs under mechanical loads was improved by introducing surface crosslinking. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesis and surface-crosslinking reactions in the SAP. Various conditions for surface-crosslinking reactions, such as the surface-crosslinking solution, content of surface-crosslinking agent, and reaction temperature, were explored and correlated with the gel strength and absorption characteristics of the resulting SAP particles. The distilled water content in the surface-crosslinking solution strongly influenced the absorption capacity of the SAP, but this sensitivity decreased when acetone was used as a co-solvent. Itaconic acid-based SAP that was crosslinked under optimal conditions exhibited centrifuge retention capacity and absorbency under a load of 31.1 and 20.2, respectively.

scholarly journals Swelling performance of sodium polyacrylate and poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) potassium salt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruissein Mahon ◽  
Yakubu Balogun ◽  
Gbenga Oluyemi ◽  
James Njuguna
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Sodium Polyacrylate ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Poly Acrylamide

Abstract The application of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels in the oil and gas industry for reservoir and well management is gaining more traction. In this study, the swelling performance and adsorption kinetics of two commercial superabsorbent polymer hydrogels—poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) potassium salt and sodium polyacrylate—were evaluated based upon their stimuli response to pH and salinity at varying temperature and reaction time periods. Characterisation and evaluation of the materials were performed using analytical techniques—optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and the gravimetric method. Experimental results show that reaction conditions strongly influence the swelling performance of the superabsorbent polymer hydrogels considered in this study. Generally, increasing pH and salinity concentration led to a significant decline in the swelling performance of both superabsorbent polymer hydrogels. An optimal temperature range between 50 and 75 °C was considered appropriate based on swell tests performed between 25 c to 100 °C over 2-, 4- and 6-h time periods. These findings serve as a guideline for field engineers in the use of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels for a wide range of oilfield applications. The study results provide evidence that the two superabsorbent polymer hydrogels can be used for petroleum fraction-saline water emulsions separation, reservoir zonal isolation, water shutoff and cement plugging applications. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Zwitterionic superabsorbent polymer hydrogels for efficient and selective removal of organic dyes

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (32) ◽  
pp. 18565-18577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzil Ur Rehman ◽  
Luqman Ali Shah ◽  
Mansoor Khan ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Noor Saeed Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Polymer Hydrogel ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels

A novel zwitterionic superabsorbent polymer hydrogel [ZI-SAH] was synthesized by free radical polymerization and used for the removal of crystal violet (CV) and congo red (CR) from an aqueous medium.

scholarly journals Determination of protein binding affinities within hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted polymers (HydroMIPs)

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (29) ◽  
pp. 15483-15489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazim F. EL-Sharif ◽  
Daniel M. Hawkins ◽  
Derek Stevenson ◽  
Subrayal M. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels ◽  
Protein Dissociation ◽  
Cognate Protein

Selective synthetic MIP recognition of a range of bio-significant proteins. Comparison of functional acrylamide-based polymer hydrogels as MIPs. MIP–protein dissociation constants within the micro-molar range. AFM measurements exhibited specific MIP interactions with cognate protein.

Synthesis of Allyl Pentaerythritol Crosslinker based Polymer Hydrogels and Determination of the Crosslink Density

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
Anamica . ◽  
Poorn Prakash Pande
Keyword(s):  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Polymer Gels ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of polymer hydrogels. The polymer gels have been prepared from acrylic acid (AA) monomer using allyl pentaerythritol as the crosslinker in the presence of potassium persulfate initiator. The synthesized polymer gels have been characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The swelling capacity and crosslink density of the synthesized polymer gels have been determined and it was found that some of the polymer samples behave like super-absorbent polymers. These polymeric-gels can be utilized in various applications viz. as a catalyst for dye removal, for anion removal from water and for heavy metal removal etc.

Investigating Nigeria Local Clay for its Marsh Funnel Viscosity and Gel Strength: A Study of Irhodo Bentonite

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
FE Otitigbe
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Local Clay ◽  
Content Development ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Marsh Funnel ◽  
Oil Fuel

Due to the daily increasing demand for crude oil fuel for its various capacities of energy production and utilizations, a twin respond of exploration for more hydrocarbon reserves and drilling activities was accompanied. As a result, rate and cost of importing drilling clay (Wyoming Bentonite), a major raw material in drilling mud becomes so high that hundreds of millions of dollar is incurred on company budget (Arinkoola, et al., 2020). Thus, the Federal Government of the federal republic of Nigeria, on sensing the benefits of local content development, then clamour for its use as drilling mud. This therefore becomes the bed-rock which this paper is belt on to investigate local clay for some its properties, like viscosity-gel strength. This paper also reviews the formulation of an equivalent one barrel of a laboratory drilling mud using Irhodo bentonite. This paper report two methods and devices used to determine viscosities; the marsh funnel viscosity method using Marsh Funnel and Fann Viscosity-Gel method using the Rheometer. The result of the experiment for the determination of viscosity using marsh funnel apparatus, for both local and bentonite drilling mud, and show 27.12 and 37.17sec/qt (seconds per quart). And when additives, CMC and guar-gum were added, 27.23sec/qt, 29.47sec/qt and 23.19sec/qt and 29.47sec/qt respectively obtained.

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