Mechanical and swelling properties of PDMS interpenetrating polymer networks

Polymer ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (17) ◽  
pp. 6226-6235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Hyun Yoo ◽  
Claude Cohen ◽  
Chung-Yuen Hui
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Swelling Properties

Synthesis and swelling properties of pH- and temperature-sensitive interpenetrating polymer networks composed of polyacrylamide and poly(γ-glutamic acid)

2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 3531-3537 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Rodríguez-Félix ◽  
M. M. Castillo-Ortega ◽  
D. Real-Félix ◽  
J. Romero-García ◽  
A. S. Ledezma-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Swelling Properties

Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Networks Containing Polysaccharides. I Xanthan/Lignin Networks

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 603-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Elena Raschip ◽  
Cornelia Vasile ◽  
Diana Ciolacu ◽  
Georgeta Cazacu
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Helical Conformation ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Swelling Rate

The polysaccharides are important materials in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and related biomedical applications. Xanthan gum is a microbial polysaccharide of great commercial significance. It is well known as one of the best thickening polymers due to its high intrinsic stiffness related to the helical conformation stabilized in the presence of excess salt. It is used in a wide variety of foods for a number of important reasons, including emulsion stabilization, temperature stability, compatibility with food ingredients, and its pseudoplastic rheological properties. Due to its properties in thickening aqueous solutions, as a dispersing agent, and stabilizer of emulsions and suspensions, xanthan gum is used in pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, and agricultural products, as well as in textile printing pastes, ceramic glazes, slurry explosive formulations, and rust removers. In this work the crosslinking of a mixture of xanthan and lignins in the presence of the epichlorohydrin, leading to superabsorbant hydrogels with high swelling rate in aqueous mediums, was studied. The swelling properties of these composite hydrogels were investigated. Three different types of lignin have been used namely: aspen wood lignin (L), annual fiber crop lignin (GL) and lignin epoxy-modified resin (LER). Semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels in various ratios were prepared. The influence of gravimetric ratio between components of the semi-interpenetrating polymer networks, as well as the kinetics of water sorption will be discussed. The maximum swelling degree of the hydrogels and the swelling rate constant were determined as a function of the hydrogel's composition. It has been established that the nature of lignin significantly influences swelling process, the chemical modified lignin having a particular behavior.

scholarly journals Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyacrylamide and poly[itaconic acid]

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 543-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Kalagasidis-Krusic ◽  
Biljana Nikolic ◽  
Jovanka Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Swelling Degree ◽  
Equilibrium Swelling ◽  
Carboxylic Groups

The effect of pH and temperature on the equilibrium swelling properties of PIA/PAAm semi-IPNs were investigated.Semi-IPNs based on polyacrylamide (PAAm) and poly(itaconic acid) (PIA) were prepared by two different techniques, by polymerizing itaconic acid in the presence of polyacrylamide gel (Semi-IPNs-l) and by making the polyacrylamide gel in the presence of previously synthesized poly(itaconic acid) (Semi-IPNs-ll), with different PIA/PAAm mass ratios. The equilibrium swelling degree of an ionic network depends very much on the concentration of ionisable groups. The addition of a small amount of itaconic acid dramatically changes the swelling behavior of PAAm. Increase of the ionic monomer (IA) produces swelling degrees that increase to a high extent when the pH of the buffer solution is higher than the nominal pKa values of the acid groups. Gels with higher IA content swell less than PAAm gels in low pH buffers. At low pH, when complexation due to hydrogen bonding occurs between the carboxylic groups and amide groups of acrylamide, the polymer network collapses and the swelling ratio is low. The presence of hydrogen bonds in the complexes causes additional constraints in the network, acting as a physical crosslinking and makes the network less hydrophilic, because the carboxylic groups on the PIA are occupied in the complexes. As opposed to this, the equilibrium swelling degrees change very little with pH of the solution in nonionic PAAm gel.Hydrogels exhibit continuous changes in water content as a function of temperature. The swelling degree increases with increasing temperature due to gel expansion upon warming.

scholarly journals Phosphates-Containing Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs) Acting as Slow Release Fertilizer Hydrogels (SRFHs) Suitable for Agricultural Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2893
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lipowczan ◽  
Andrzej W. Trochimczuk
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Ethyl Phosphate

Novel, phosphorus-containing slow release fertilizer hydrogels (SRFHs) composed of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) with very good swelling and mechanical properties have been obtained and characterized. It was found that introducing organophosphorus polymer based on a commercially available monomer, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate (MEP), as the IPN’s first component network results in much better swelling properties than for a terpolymer with acrylic acid (AAc), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate (MEP) and bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate (BMEP) when the same weight ratios of monomers are employed. The procedure described in this paper enables the introduction of much larger amounts of phosphorus into polymer structures without significant loss of water regain ability, which is crucial in the application of such materials in the agricultural field.

scholarly journals The microscopic distribution of hydrophilic polymers in interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of medical grade silicone

Polymer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 123671
Author(s):  
Gregory N. Smith ◽  
Erik Brok ◽  
Martin Schmiele ◽  
Kell Mortensen ◽  
Wim G. Bouwman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Hydrophilic Polymers ◽  
Microscopic Distribution ◽  
Medical Grade

Organic-solvent-free electromembrane extraction based on semi-interpenetrating polymer networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Mei ◽  
Huajing Liu ◽  
Qianqian Shang ◽  
Ying Dong ◽  
Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Electromembrane Extraction ◽  
Acidic Analytes

A versatile organic-solvent-free electromembrane extraction (EME) system, which could be successfully used for the extraction of both basic and acidic analytes, is proposed based on semi-interpenetrating polymer networks.

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