Elucidation of defence responses and signalling pathways induced in Arabidopsis thaliana following challenge with Phytophthora cinnamomi

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Rookes ◽  
Marion L. Wright ◽  
David M. Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Defence Responses

scholarly journals Phosphite primed defence responses and enhanced expression of defence genes in Arabidopsis thaliana infected with Phytophthora cinnamomi

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1086-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Eshraghi ◽  
J. Anderson ◽  
N. Aryamanesh ◽  
B. Shearer ◽  
J. McComb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Defence Genes ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Defence Responses

scholarly journals Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca2+ Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2516
Author(s):  
Enrico Cortese ◽  
Alessio G. Settimi ◽  
Silvia Pettenuzzo ◽  
Luca Cappellin ◽  
Alessandro Galenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Plasma Discharge ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Defence Responses ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Defence Responses ◽  
Plasma Activated Water

Increasing evidence indicates that water activated by plasma discharge, termed as plasma-activated water (PAW), can promote plant growth and enhance plant defence responses. Nevertheless, the signalling pathways activated in plants in response to PAW are still largely unknown. In this work, we analysed the potential involvement of calcium as an intracellular messenger in the transduction of PAW by plants. To this aim, Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) seedlings stably expressing the bioluminescent Ca2+ reporter aequorin in the cytosol were challenged with PAW generated by a plasma torch. Ca2+ measurement assays demonstrated the induction by PAW of rapid and sustained cytosolic Ca2+ elevations in Arabidopsis seedlings. The dynamics of the recorded Ca2+ signals were found to depend upon different parameters, such as the operational conditions of the torch, PAW storage, and dilution. The separate administration of nitrate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide at the same doses as those measured in the PAW did not trigger any detectable Ca2+ changes, suggesting that the unique mixture of different reactive chemical species contained in the PAW is responsible for the specific Ca2+ signatures. Unveiling the signalling mechanisms underlying plant perception of PAW may allow to finely tune its generation for applications in agriculture, with potential advantages in the perspective of a more sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Phaeophyceaean (Brown Algal) Extracts Activate Plant Defense Systems in Arabidopsis thaliana Challenged With Phytophthora cinnamomi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Tohidul Islam ◽  
Han Ming Gan ◽  
Mark Ziemann ◽  
Hashmath Inayath Hussain ◽  
Tony Arioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Algal Extracts

scholarly journals Kinetics of retrograde signalling initiation in the high light response of Arabidopsis thaliana

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1640) ◽  
pp. 20130424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Alsharafa ◽  
Marc Oliver Vogel ◽  
Marie-Luise Oelze ◽  
Marten Moore ◽  
Nadja Stingl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Light Response ◽  
High Light ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Intensity Increase ◽  
Normal Light ◽  
Set Up

High light acclimation depends on retrograde control of nuclear gene expression. Retrograde regulation uses multiple signalling pathways and thus exploits signal patterns. To maximally challenge the acclimation system, Arabidopsis thaliana plants were either adapted to 8 (low light (L-light)) or 80 µmol quanta m −2 s −1 (normal light (N-light)) and subsequently exposed to a 100- and 10-fold light intensity increase, respectively, to high light (H-light, 800 µmol quanta m −2 s −1 ), for up to 6 h. Both L → H- and N → H-light plants efficiently regulated CO 2 assimilation to a constant level without apparent damage and inhibition. This experimental set-up was scrutinized for time-dependent regulation and efficiency of adjustment. Transcriptome profiles revealed that N-light and L-light plants differentially accumulated 2119 transcripts. After 6 h in H-light, only 205 remained differently regulated between the L → H- and N → H-light plants, indicating efficient regulation allowing the plants to reach a similar transcriptome state. Time-dependent analysis of transcripts as markers for signalling pathways, and of metabolites and hormones as possibly involved transmitters, suggests that oxylipins such as oxophytodienoic acid and jasmonic acid, metabolites and redox cues predominantly control the acclimation response, whereas abscisic acid, salicylic acid and auxins play an insignificant or minor role.

scholarly journals AtRsgA from Arabidopsis thaliana controls maturation of the small subunit of the chloroplast ribosome

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Janowski ◽  
Reimo Zoschke ◽  
Lars Scharff ◽  
Silvia Martinez Jaime ◽  
Camilla Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Retrograde Signalling ◽  
Assembly Factor

SummaryPlastid ribosomes are very similar in structure and function to ribosomes of their bacterial ancestors. Since ribosome biogenesis is not thermodynamically favourable at biological conditions, it requires activity of many assembly factors. Here, we have characterized a homolog of bacterial rsgA in Arabidopsis thaliana and show that it can complement the bacterial homolog. Functional characterization of a strong mutant in Arabidopsis revealed that the protein is essential for plant viability, while a weak mutant produced dwarf, chlorotic plants that incorporated immature pre-16S ribosomal RNA into translating ribosomes. Physiological analysis of the mutant plants revealed smaller, but more numerous chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells, reduction of chlorophyll a and b, depletion of proplastids from the rib meristem and decreased photosynthetic electron transport rate and efficiency. Comparative RNA-sequencing and proteomic analysis of the weak mutant and wild-type plants revealed that various biotic stress-related, transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional modification pathways were repressed in the mutant. Intriguingly, while nuclear- and chloroplast-encoded photosynthesis-related proteins were less abundant in the mutant, the corresponding transcripts were upregulated, suggesting an elaborate compensatory mechanism, potentially via differentially active retrograde signalling pathways. To conclude, this study reveals a new chloroplast ribosome assembly factor and outlines the transcriptomic and proteomic responses of the compensatory mechanism activated during decreased chloroplast function.Significance statementAtRsgA is an assembly factor necessary for maturation of the small subunit of the chloroplast ribosome. Depletion of AtRsgA leads to dwarfed, chlorotic plants and smaller, but more numerous chloroplasts. Large-scale transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed that chloroplast-encoded and - targeted proteins were less abundant, while the corresponding transcripts were upregulated in the mutant. We analyse the transcriptional responses of several retrograde signalling pathways to suggest a mechanism underlying this compensatory response.

scholarly journals Symbiosis-related genes sustain the development of a downy mildew pathogen on Arabidopsis thaliana

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina K. Ried ◽  
Aline Banhara ◽  
Andreas Binder ◽  
Fang-Yu Hwu ◽  
Andrea A. Gust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Induced Defence ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Marker Gene Expression ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Defence Responses ◽  
Hyaloperonospora Arabidopsidis

AbstractThe interfaces through which nutrients are transferred from plant cells to arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and biotrophic hyphal pathogens are structurally similar. We report that in Arabidopsis thaliana, mutations in homologs of common symbiosis genes (CSGs) encoding homologs of the symbiosis receptor kinase SYMRK, the nucleoporins NUP133 and SEC13 or the cation channel POLLUX reduce the reproductive success of Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa). Analysis of the multiplication of extracellular bacterial pathogens, Hpa-induced cell death or callose accumulation, as well as Hpa-or flg22-induced defence marker gene expression, did not reveal any traces of constitutive or exacerbated defence responses. We discovered an age-dependent, possibly senescence-related transition of haustorial shape that occurred significantly earlier and at higher frequency in the CSG mutants. These findings point to a function of the homologs of common symbiosis genes in haustorial maintenance thus revealing an overlapping gene set for the intracellular accommodation of hyphal symbionts and pathogens.

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