Differential effects of EPA, DPA and DHA on cardio-metabolic risk factors in high-fat diet fed mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-fei Guo ◽  
Andrew J. Sinclair ◽  
Gunveen Kaur ◽  
Duo Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Differential Effects

Incorporation of whole oat, especially bran, into a high-fat diet, improves cardio-metabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetic rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-616
Author(s):  
Fatima Bensalah ◽  
Nour el Imane Harrat ◽  
Fouad Affane ◽  
Hadjera Chekkal ◽  
Myriem Lamri-Senhadji
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Oat Bran

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whole oat, oat bran and refined oat incorporation in a high-fat diet (HFD) on cardio-metabolic risk biomarkers in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Design/methodology/approach T2DM was induced by feeding male rats with an HFD for 10 weeks, followed by a low dose of streptozotocin. T2DM rats were then divided into four homogeneous groups. Three groups consumed an HFD containing 45 per cent (g/100 g diet) whole oat, oat bran or refined oat. The fourth untreated group (control) received the HFD. Findings The results showed that whole oat and oat bran, compared with refined oat and control, effectively reduced food intake (p < 0.007), arterial blood pressure (p = 0.0001), glycemia (p < 0.001), insulinemia (p < 0.01), glycosylated haemoglobin (p < 0.001) as well as homeostasis insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.001). They also improved blood lipid levels and reverse cholesterol transport by reducing serum total cholesterol (p = 0.0001), triacylglycerols (p < 0.05), very-low- (p = 0.0001) and low-density lipoproteins cholesterol contents (p < 0.02) increasing lipids (p < 0.002) and cholesterol excretion (p = 0.0001), and high-density lipoprotein cholesteryl esters (HDL2-CE) concentrations (p = 0.0001) and stimulating lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity (p = 0.0001). Moreover, they attenuated lipid peroxidation by increasing paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) atheroprotective activity (p < 0.05). Originality/value In T2DM rats, whole oat and particularly, its bran incorporated into an HFD improves arterial blood pressure, glycemic balance and lipid metabolic pathway by reducing hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia and increasing atheroprotective activities of LCAT and PON-1. In contrast, refined oat accentuates the risk factors associated with diabetes.

scholarly journals Metabolic risk factors in mice divergently selected for BMR fed high fat and high carb diets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e0172892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julita Sadowska ◽  
Andrzej K. Gębczyński ◽  
Marek Konarzewski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
High Fat

Differential effects of various progestogens on metabolic risk factors for breast cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Campagnoli ◽  
Chiara Abbà ◽  
Simona Ambroggio ◽  
Marie Rosa Lotano ◽  
Clementina Peris
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Differential Effects

scholarly journals Metabolomics Reveals Protection of Resveratrol in Diet-Induced Metabolic Risk Factors in Abdominal Muscle

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1136-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyou Chen ◽  
Guozhu Ye ◽  
Xinbo Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Liu ◽  
Yingfeng Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Intracellular Lipid ◽  
Oil Red O Staining ◽  
Oil Red O

Background/Aims: Abdominal obesity is recognized as the main reason of metabolic syndrome, which is closely related to disordered skeletal and/or abdominal muscle metabolic functions. Metabolomics is a comprehensive assessment system in biological metabolites. The aim of our present study is to investigate the diet-induced metabolic risk factors by metabolic in the abdominal muscles and clarify the relationship between atheroprotective effects of Resveratrol (Rev) and abdominal muscles metabolic components during the development of atherosclerosis. Methods: The mice were randomly divided into three groups including normal group (N), high fat diet (HFD or H) group and high fat diet with Rev treated group (HR). GC-MS combined with pattern recognition approaches were employed to obtain comprehensive metabolic signatures and related differential metabolites after 24 week HFD feeding. Oil Red O staining and Electron microscopy technology (EMT) were employed to detect the size of fatty plaques and intracellular lipid accumulation, respectively. Results: The result indicated that 22 types of metabolites in the abdominal muscles were obviously altered by HFD feeding group. Moreover, Rev treatment obviously increased 11 different kinds of metabolites, most of which were involved in the carbohydrate, amino acid and lipid metabolisms. Importantly, these elevated different metabolites were involved in pathways mainly related to galactose metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism in abdominal muscles. Oil Red O staining and Electron microscopy showed less lipid accumulation in the lesions and decreased intracellular lipid deposition in the foam cells in HR group. Conclusions: We concluded that Rev produced a beneficial effect partially by modulating multiple metabolism pathways and metabolites in the abdominal muscles, which may provide a new protective mechanism of Rev on the progression of atherosclerosis. These notably changed metabolites might be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets during development of metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis.

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

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