scholarly journals Stability of Einstein static state universe in the spatially flat branemodels

2016 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaituo Zhang ◽  
Puxun Wu ◽  
Hongwei Yu ◽  
Ling-Wei Luo
Keyword(s):  
Static State ◽  
State Universe

On Practical Validity of Quantity Theory of Money, or How Much the Dogmatism of Monetary Authorities Costs

2008 ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Glazyev
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Market Equilibrium ◽  
Static State ◽  
Quantity Theory ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
State Of The Economy ◽  
Market Organization

The article critically considers basic postulates of quantity theory of money. It shows that they reflect the static state of the economy in abstract models of market equilibrium but do not prove true in actual economic processes. In contrast to monetarists’ view, prices can rise as well as fall even if other variables of the monetarist equation are stable. Thus it cannot be used for grounding monetary policy. The author comes to the conclusion on the dogmatism of Russian monetary authorities that seriously hinders the country’s economic development. He proposes to switch to market organization of money supply basing on regulation of the refinancing rate.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASIC CRITERIA FOR RUSSIAN COASTS TYPIFICATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Рубен Косян ◽  
Ruben Kosyan ◽  
Viacheslav Krylenko ◽  
Viacheslav Krylenko
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Static State ◽  
Evolutionary Features ◽  
Coastal Features ◽  
The Stability

There are many types of coasts classifications that indicate main coastal features. As a rule, the "static" state of the coasts is considered regardless of their evolutionary features and ways to further transformation. Since the most part of the coastal zone studies aimed at ensuring of economic activity, it is clear that the classification of coast types should indicate total information required by the users. Accordingly, the coast classification should include the criterion, characterizing as dynamic features of the coast and the conditions and opportunities of economic activity. The coast classification, of course, should be based on geomorphological coast typification. Similar typification has been developed by leading scientists from Russia and can be used with minimal modifications. The authors propose to add to basic information (geomorphological type of coast) the evaluative part for each coast sector. It will include the estimation of the coast changes probability and the complexity of the coast stabilization for economic activity. This method will allow to assess the dynamics of specific coastal sections and the processes intensity and, as a result – the stability of the coastal area.

Technical Research for Undocking Scheme on the Horizontal Slipway for Towing the 15,000 Ton Launching Weight Bulk-Carrier

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Ya Nan Huang ◽  
Da Lu Liu ◽  
Feng Sheng Sun ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Ming Xing Gao
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Bulk Carrier ◽  
Static State ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Bottle Neck ◽  
High Production ◽  
The Moment

When comparing with ship construction within newly-built docks or on tilting slipways, ship constructing on the flat earth method can be said to be a new ship-building technique by which ship is built on a platform and launched with the aid of floating-dock or barge. Some obvious advantages of this technique are such as less investment in basic facilities, low production cost, high production efficiency, wide applicability of ship types, ability to overcome the bottle-neck effect of berths and docks. In this paper, a bulk-carrier being taken as an example, the design of launching processing scheme on the horizontal shipway includes calculation of launching weight and determination of hoisting force during the whole towing period. The whole towing process of hull can be divided into three stages, the first is from the static state to the moment of beginning to move, the second is from the initial position of movement to the front of slipway onto which the hull is predicted to be pulled, and the third is from the front of slipway to the designated position on the floating dock. Subsequently, after the hull being sealed and positioned correctly, the floating dock for launching may be towed to deeper water zone and the hull can be buoyed up on the water surface, and the whole launching process can be completed. From the research, the conclusion is made that the launching technique of this paper is available and feasible. Especially, this paper is the initial application of this method on the 15000t launching ship home and has the epoch-making sense.

scholarly journals Time-Based Corporate-Social-Responsibility Evaluation Model Taking Chinese Listed Forestry Companies as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7971
Author(s):  
Xinfei Li ◽  
Baodong Cheng ◽  
Heng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Static State ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Normative Constraints ◽  
Corporate Social

With the rapid development of the economy, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is receiving increasing attention from companies themselves, but also increasing attention from society as a whole. How to reasonably evaluate the performance of CSR is a current research hotspot. Existing corporate-social-responsibility evaluation methods mostly focus on the static evaluation of enterprises in the industry, and do not take the time factor into account, which cannot reflect the performance of long-term CSR. On this basis, this article proposes a time-based entropy method that can evaluate long-term changes in CSR. Studies have shown that the completion of CSR in a static state does not necessarily reflect the dynamic and increasing trend of CSR in the long term. Therefore, the assessment of CSR should consider both the static and dynamic aspects of a company. In addition, the research provides the focus of different types of forestry enterprises in fulfilling CSR in the long term, and provides a clearer information path for the standard identification and normative constraints of different types of forestry enterprises CSR.

Static State Estimation with Inequality Constraints in a Complementarity Framework for Detecting Infeasible Operation States

2021 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 107129
Author(s):  
R. Martínez-Parrales ◽  
O. Romay ◽  
C.R. Fuerte-Esquivel ◽  
B.A. Alcaide-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Inequality Constraints ◽  
Static State

Nonregular Static State Feedback for Linear Bond Graph Models

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (13) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
C. Sueur ◽  
A. Karim ◽  
G. Dauphin-Tanguy
Keyword(s):  
State Feedback ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Graph Models ◽  
Static State ◽  
Static State Feedback

A Two-Level Static State Estimator for Electric Power Systems

1981 ◽  
Vol PER-1 (8) ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Th. Van Cutsem ◽  
J. L. Horward ◽  
M. Ribbens-Pavella
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
State Estimator ◽  
Static State

Increase of energy efficiency ratio of a direct evaporative cooler by dynamic behavior with energy and exergy analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110420
Author(s):  
Behzad Omidi Kashani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Static State ◽  
Circulation Pump ◽  
Water Rate

The present research is about increasing the energy efficiency ratio (EER) in current direct evaporative coolers (DEC) in Iran. Increasing the cooling load and reducing the electrical energy consumption simultaneously (increasing the energy efficiency ratio (EER)) in DEC are the main goals of manufacturers and consumers of this device. When the circulation water pump runs continuously (static state), the circulation water rate is about 1.89 to 2.90 times of the amounts recommended in the reasonable standards. In order to adjust the circulation water rate to the recommended amount by standards, the present study has utilized repetitive cyclic scheduling programs to reduce the circulation rate to the optimal amount, (by turning the circulation pump on and off by dynamic pattern operation). In other words, the circulation pump stays on only for a certain period of a working cycle, and then the pump stays off for the rest of it. The cooling load and EER were measured based on ASHRAE 133 (2015). The results indicated that the cooling load in the dynamic state increased by 5.03 and 6.18 percent compared to the static state at low and high fan speeds, respectively. Moreover, in comparison with the static state, the amount of electrical energy consumed (kW-hr) in the dynamic state decreased by 8.8 and 4.2 percent at low and high fan speeds, respectively. Finally, the coefficient of performance (COP or EER) of the DEC in the dynamic state is increased by 15.16 and 10.78 in comparison with the static state at low and high fan speeds, respectively.

Internal Flow Analysis in a Two-Channel Pump Used for Salt Transportation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Wang ◽  
Xianwu Luo ◽  
Wanming Li ◽  
Bin Ji
Keyword(s):  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Pressure Side ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Static State ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Salt Particle ◽  
Blade Leading Edge

Two-channel pumps usually have very complicated flow field due to the special impeller geometry. The present paper treats the internal flow analysis based on numerical simulation so as to investigate the pumping performance and passage erosion for a two-channel centrifugal pump used for transporting salt particles. The static state flows are calculated by applying RANS method and k-omega SST turbulence model. The numerical results indicate that there are strong circulation flows near the impeller inlet and blade pressure side, and zones with high turbulent kinetic energy near impeller exit when the pump is operated under the designed flow rate i.e. Qd. Pressure decay is also found at the rear part of blade pressure side. At the operation condition of 1.3Qd, the internal flow becomes better. Further, the numerical analysis based on Eulerian-Lagrangian method shows the trajectory of salt particle, salt particle concentration and erosion rate in the pump. It is noted that the salt particles go smoothly in the flow passage due to the large section size of the pump, and there is severe erosion at the blade leading edge and the wall of volute casing due to strong impingement and high particle concentration. Thus, these areas such as blade leading edge and the wall of volute casing are the zones with high erosion risk in the two-channel pump.

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